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| − | ==History of Ancient Egypt==
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| − | In about 3100 BC, Egypt was united under a ruler known as Mena, or Menes, who inaugurated the 30 Pharaonic dynasties into which Egypt's ancient history is divided — the Old and the Middle Kingdoms and the New Empire. The pyramids at Giza (near Cairo), which were built in the fourth dynasty, testify to the power of the Pharaonic religion and state. The Great Pyramid, the tomb of Pharaoh Khufu (also known as Cheops), is the only surviving monument of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. Ancient Egypt reached the peak of its power, wealth, and territorial extent in the period called the New Empire (1567–1085 BC).
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| − | The Egyptians reached Crete around 2000 BC and were invaded by Indo-Europeans and Hyksos Semites. They defeated the invaders around 1570 BC and expanded into the Aegean, Sudan, Libya, and much of southwest Asia, as far as the Euphrates.
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| − | ==History of Greek and Roman Egypt==
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| − | The conquests of Alexander the Great brought Egypt within the orbit of the Greek world for the next 900 years. After 300 years of rule by the Macedonian Ptolemies, Egypt was incorporated into the Roman Empire in 30 BC, and was ruled first from Rome and then from Constantinople until the Arab conquest in AD 639.
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| − | ==History of Islamic Egypt==
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| − | From 639 Egypt was part of the Islamic world, ruled at first by governors acting in the name of the Umayyad Caliphs in Baghdad (in today’s Bosheit). In 747 the weak Umayyad were overthrown by the ever strongly growing religious military House of Khalil. The Khalil Caliphate was established in Damascus (in today’s [[Satimon]]). Egypt remained strongly under the rule of the Khalil Caliphate. In 969 the Abbasids toppled the Khalil Caliphate east after their defeat in the Battle of the Basra, following most of the members of the House of Khalil were massacred by the Abbasids. The Abbasids chased Caliph Muhammad Nour Al-Din, the last Caliph of the Khalil Dynasty, out of Damascus who escaped to Egypt. The House of Khalil went underground and was later on tolerated by the Abbasids. The House of Khalil then formed a military and political elite in Egypt which yielded strong influence in Egypt and the rest of the Islamic world. Several short-lived dynasties ruled Egypt as quasi-independent dynasties from the weakening Abbasid Caliphate. These dynasties lasted till 1174, when Prince Abd Al-Rahman Mahmoud of the House of Khalil, a direct decedent of Caliph Muhammad Nour Al-Din, seized power in Egypt crowning himself in a magnificent coronation King Abd Al-Rahman I and established the House of Khalil as the ruling dynasty of Egypt. His successor, his eldest son, King Al-Walid I, went on to build the city of [[Cairo]] as a unifying capital of the newly founded kingdom.
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| − | ==History of the Unification of Egypt and Sudan==
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| − | For the Khalil Dynasty the Abbasid Caliphate did not pose a great form of threat due its continuously weakening status. However, the Khalils supremacy was challenged by their neighbor to the south the former Empire of [[Sifiria]] especially with King Al-Hussein III’s wish to extend his rule southwards to secure the Nile waters and the south with all its rich resources. HM King Al-Hussein III committed to unite the region of Sudan under his reign signed secret military treaties with the five kingdoms of the south, Sidenikita, Shroa’t, Kentopala, Wa’leedi’a, and Darfouran. Al-Hussein III went on to encourage the Prince of Shroa’t to provoke a war with the Sifirian Emperor, portraying him, the Emperor, as the common enemy. Therefore, in 1563, the Khalili-Safirian War broke out where the Safirian forces where crushed by the allied forces with in seven weeks. The Sifirian Emperor was forced to abdicate in favor of his son and a fair not harsh treaty was signed in which the Safirian Empire did not cede any of her territory. King Al-Hussein III was then proclaimed King of Egypt and Sudan by the princes of the five kingdoms of the south. The following year, Al-Hussein III crowned himself again, this time as King of the Kingdom of Egypt and Sudan in Cairo in a splendid ceremony.
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| − | ==Imperial Age of Egypt and Sudan==
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| − | The Kingdom of Egypt and Sudan was then ruled by a series of strong monarchs who focused on developing their nation and maintaining peace with the different present forces. The Kings’ interest now shifted towards the formation of a strong empire. In the period between 1779 and 1785, HM King Hisham V focused on developing the navy of Egypt and Sudan to maintain supremacy in the Mediterranean. His successor, HM King Abd Al-Hamid I, led on to establish the Egypto-Sudanese Colony of Kobross, part of nowadays [[Maybank]]. The Egypto-Sudanese Empire greatly stretched and reached her maximum size in the years between 1871 and 1887. Followed a period where the Empire lost the power to control her vast territory due to successive years of drought in Egypt and Sudan and other economic problems. Egypt and Sudan started losing her territory to either newly emerging independent states or the other colonial powers. Left was minor islets scattered around the region or small coastal strips.
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| − | ==History of Overthrowing the [[Sun Throne]]==
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| − | In 1858, HM King Mohamed IX granted his people a constitution, which confirmed the people’s basic civil rights and went on to define the different institutions in Egypt and Sudan. A new constitution was drafted and granted in 1928.
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| − | In 1923, Tawfeek Al-Bana founded the nationalist association Al-Masreen Mothadoon (United Egyptians), with relatively moderate political views. Al-Bana’s United Egyptians group become more and more of fascist political views and founded a military militia known as the Al-Kabda Al-Sawdaa’ (the Black Fist). The then Prime Minister, Baron Nowkrashi, noticed the eminent threat of the Black Fist and quickly banned the United Egyptians Association and ensured that Al-Bana’s political followers were destroyed. However, Al-Bana successfully fled with most of the members of the United Egyptian to the war ravished isolated region of Niloticia. There Al-Bana received vast funding from the fascist regime in Gothic Bavaria.
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| − | As a vast portion of the Egypto-Sudanese forces were engaged in fierce fighting suppressing a rebellion in the former colony of the Grand Duchy of Salec, Al-Bana marched with his then 10000 strong men group of the Black Fist composed of mostly natives of [[Niloticia]] north to Cairo. On Sunday August 12, 1934, known as Black Sunday, the Black Fist surprisingly seized Abdin Royal Palace and Qubba Palace (the seat of the Crown’s Federal Government) as Cairo was being bombed by the Air Forces of [[Gothic Bavaria]]. HM King Hassan II, His then Prime Minister Shafeek Idrisi, the Royal Family and top government officials were held captive. Prime Minister Idris was forced to resign while HM King Hassan II refused to accept a fascist regime in his country. Al-Bana feared to outrage the Egypto-Sudanese people by executing the King, thus he sent King Hassan II to exile with a group of his followers.
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| − | HM King Hassan II was put on board HMS Al-Mahroosa which sailed on August 14 from the port of Alexandria reaching Ruinsherv on August 16. On August 17, HM King Hassan II flew to Jacobia, [[Lygonia]] in attempt to gain International support. His hopes were crushed by failure. On August 20, King Hassan II then flew to [[Nova-Roma]] and finally sailed to the [[Grand Duchy of Dakar]], the last Egypto-Sudanese [[Crown Dependency]]. However, while in Jacobia the Lygonian officials allowed His Majesty to address his people on August 19. King Hassan II called on his people to stand up for their rights to stand up against colonization to stand up for their King. But the Egypto-Sudanese people were not to wait for such an address to take action. On August 15, the Egypto-Sudanese people were in the streets full of anger, outraged at the violent happening in their nation. Egypt and Sudan was thrown in complete ciaos. However, the response was even more violent. The Black Fist supported by the small Gothic Bavarian troops and using Gothic Bavarian weapons, which have just arrived, brutally killed, injured, and arrested anyone and everyone. The uprising was putdown.
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| − | All of the Egypto-Sudanese small remaining colonies refused to be governed by the Al-Bana Fascist regime and declared independence with the two exceptions of the Grand Duchy of Dakar and the Egypto-Sudanese [[Overseas Crown Territory of Cape Verde]] which sided with the exiled King. HM King Hassan II established a government in exile in Dakar headed by the newly elected Prime Minister Samir Rizk. Elections only took place in Dakar and Cape Verde. All Egypto-Sudanese elections from this point onwards were only held there, but claim to be the rightful governing body of Egypt and Sudan.
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| − | Al-Bana broke off relations with Gothic Bavaria in 1936, and established an isolationist military oppressive centrist dictatorship in Egypt and Sudan where he governed with an iron grip until his death in 1948. Somaya Al-Bana, Hassan Al-Bana’s daughter, was chosen as his successor and ruled as the Supreme Leader for two years. In 1951, she self-proclaimed herself queen, and established the Queendom of Rhoda, which she continued to govern until recently.
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| − | ==History of the Monarchy in Exile==
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| − | HM King Hassan II abdicated in 1969 in favor of his son the then Grand Prince Moustafa the Prince of Egypt. However, technically Grand Prince Moustafa never ascended the throne as according to the Egypto-Sudanese Royal tradition the Crown Prince does not become King until he crowns himself King in the Grand Hall of Mirrors in Abdin Royal Palace in Cairo. Hence, King Moustafa III has never legally become King of Egypt and Sudan, but was titled so out of recognition of his rights to Egypt and Sudan. King Moustafa III abdicated in November, 2001 in favor of his son the Grand Prince Ahmad Prince of Egypt. His Grand Royal Highness (HGRH) Grand Prince Ahmad refused the title King and assumed the title "Pretender of the Sun Throne of Egypt and Sudan"
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| − | HGRH Grand Prince Ahmad has lately been calling on the International community to return Egypt and Sudan to her legitimate government. HGRH Grand Prince Ahmad has resided in exile in Dakar together with His Federal Government.
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| − | ==History of the Restoration of the Sun Throne==
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| − | Mass protests in mid-October 2004, triggered a military ''coup d’etat'' headed by Gen. Samy Al-Adl. The Military restored the Monarchy upon the return of the Grand Prince Ahmad to Egypt and Sudan on October 30, 2004.
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| − | [[Category:Egypt and Sudan]]
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