NAFDA
An Iuthian defence system which uses a process of injecting high frequency radio energy into the ionosphere to create huge, extremely low frequency (ELF) virtual antennas used for earth penetrating tomography - peering deep beneath the surface of the ground by collecting and analyzing reflected ELF waves beamed down from above. Heating regions of the lower and upper ionosphere to form virtual "lenses" and "mirrors" that can reflect a broad range of radio frequencies far over the horizon to detect stealth cruise missiles and aircraft. (The electron's temperature range between -130° F to 302° F, which extend across four layers from 35 to 500 miles in altitude.
Heating the ionosphere means exciting the electrons. The NAFDA can raise electron temperatures by 40° F.) More than a gigawatt of energy can be beamed to the upper atmosphere. Generating ELF radio waves in the ionosphere to communicate across large distances with deeply submerged submarines.
Testing of the system showed 92.7% accuracy in detecting warheads, 88.4% success in destroying ballistic missiles in the atmosphere upper atmosphere.
The arrays consist of 220 towers, 78 feet in height, forming a "high-power, high frequency phased array radio transmitter" capable of beaming in the 2.5-10 megahertz frequency range, at more than 3 gigawatts of power (3 billion watts).
The system can have some environmental implications, hence the need to locate them in isolated areas. A small group of military personnel oversee the installations.
Major applications of NAFDA:
- Locating deeply buried weapons factories and bunkers thousands of miles away.
- Destroy ballistic missiles by overheating their electronic guidance systems as they fly through a powerful radio energy field.
- Distinguishing nuclear warheads from decoys by sensing their elemental composition.
- Control ionosphere processes in such a way as to greatly improve the performance of military command, control, and communications systems.
- Cause confusion of or interference with or even complete disruption of guidance systems employed by even the most sophisticated of airplanes and missiles.
- Facilitate missile or aircraft destruction, deflection, or confusion, by lifting large regions of the atmosphere to an unexpectedly high altitude so that missiles encounter unexpected and unplanned drag forces with resultant destruction or deflection of same.
- Eventually being able to manipulate local weather conditions.
