Public Sector of Hallad

The Public Sector of Hallad is the smallest part of the Halladi Economy, but a significant part of the economy none the less. The Halladi government has an exclusive monopoly over several industries, as is stated in the Constitution of the Halladi Workers' Republic. These industries are: Defense, utilities, banking, healthcare, education, and oil. These industries were nationalized after the 1952 Revolution. Most of these industries are run in a co-operative fashion -- much like the social industry of Hallad.

Halladi Nationalized Arms Manufacturing

See Main Article: Halladi Nationalized Arms Manufacturing

Halladi Nationalized Arms Manufacturing is Hallad's state-owned arms production corporation. It comprises the entire Halladi arms manufacturing industry. Exports create a huge profit for HNAM, and it arms not only the Halladi military, but the militaries of several other nations. HNAM has branches all over Haven, as well as Greece and other places in the world. The corporation has several branches, and it produces everything from space combat systems to World War II replicas for museums. HNAM has several bureaus that compete for contracting. Examples of these are the aircraft designers Tamil-Ukana (Tuk), Suhayl (Su), and Mika'il-Gamal (MiG). HNAM has operated since 1953, and has provided nearly one hundred per cent of Hallad's military needs since 1992. Although the overall structure of the company is reletively non-democratic, many of its plants and factories are worker operated.

Utilities

The utilities in Hallad -- telephones, heating, water, electricity, etc -- are organized accoring to the principles of a utility co-operative. These various companies are tasked with the delivery of a public utility such as electricity or telecommunications to its members. Profits are either reinvested for infrastructure or distributed to members in the form of "capital credits", essentially dividends paid on a member's investment into the cooperative.

Each customer is a member/owner with an equal say to every other member of the cooperative, unlike investor-owned utilities where the amount of say is governed by the number of shares held. Many strive to bring the best service at the lowest possible cost.

Because they are operated as utility co-operatives, they follow the "Seven Principles" (known also as the Rochdale Principles) listed below, which are a general statement of how a cooperative operates (as opposed to traditional investor owned utility):

• Voluntary and Open Membership -- Cooperatives are voluntary organizations, open to all persons able to use their services and willing to accept the responsibilities of membership, without gender, social, racial, political or religious discrimination.
• Democratic Member Control -- Cooperatives are democratic organizations controlled by their members, who actively participate in setting policies and making decisions. The elected representatives are accountable to the membership. In primary cooperatives, members have equal voting rights (one member, one vote) and cooperatives at other levels are organized in a democratic manner.
• Members’ Economic Participation -- Members contribute equitably to, and democratically control, the capital of their cooperative. At least part of that capital is usually the common property of the cooperative. Members usually receive limited compensation, if any, on capital subscribed as a condition of membership. Members allocate surpluses for any or all of the following purposes: developing the cooperative, possibly by setting up reserves, part of which at least would be indivisible; benefiting members in proportion to their transactions with the cooperative; and supporting other activities approved by the membership.
• Autonomy and Independence -- Cooperatives are autonomous, self-help organizations controlled by their members. If they enter into agreements with other organizations, including governments, or raise capital from external sources, they do so on terms that ensure democratic control by their members and maintain their cooperative autonomy.
• Education, Training, and Information -- Cooperatives provide education and training for their members, elected representatives, managers and employees so they can contribute effectively to the development of their cooperatives. They inform the general public, particularly young people and opinion leaders, about the nature and benefits of cooperation.
• Cooperation Among Cooperatives -- Cooperatives serve their members most effectively and strengthen the cooperative movement by working together through local, national, regional and international structures.
• Concern for Community -- While focusing on member needs, cooperatives work for the sustainable development of their communities through policies accepted by their members. (One of the ways that cooperatives and their member-owners participate is through Operation Roundup(TM), whereby a member can voluntarily have their electric bill rounded up to the next highest dollar with the difference placed in a fund to be distributed to local charities. For example, a customer participating in the plan with a bill of $105.37 would see a bill for $106.00, and the remaining $0.63 credited to the fund.)

Utility Co-Operatives

The Halladi Utility companies are as follows:

• Halladi Electricity Council - Electric Utility, which in some instances can be Electric power transmission or electricity distribution.
• Halladi Water Authority - Drinking water purification and distribution.
• Halladi Sewage Treatment Corporation - Sewage treatment and disposal, other waste disposal.
• Halladi Oil Company (H-Oil) - Natural gas distribution.
• Halladi People's Heating Co-operative - District heat generation and distribution .
• Halladi Public Transit Authority - Public transport.
• People's Communications Bureau - Telecomunications, such as cable television and telephone lines.
• Halladi Road Authority - Roads, including tollways.
• Halladi National Postal Servce - Postal service.
• Halladi Nuclear Engery Commission - Nuclear power.

Banking in Hallad

The Central Bank of Hallad (CBH) is 100% state owned and represents the monetary authority in the Halladi Workers' Republic and enjoys the status of autonomous corporate body. The law establishing the CBH stipulates that the objectives of the central bank shall be to maintain monetary stability in Libya, and to promote the sustained growth of the economy in accordance with the general economic policy of the state. The headquarter of the Central Bank is in Ryydra. However, to make the CBH services more accessible to commercial banks branches and public departments located far from the headquarter, the CBH has three branches located in Umbar, Buraydah, and Baghdad. Most local branches of the Central Bank of Hallad are set up as Banking Co-operatives or Credit Unions and use a system of mutual savings and lending.

Education

See Main Article: Education in Hallad

Education is a central aspect of family and community life. Parents are deeply involved in their children's education, and the close links between home and school serve to reinforce the structure of the community and the nation. Before the rise of the Halladi Workers' Republic, public education was non-existant; however, today, Hallad's nationwide public educational system comprises 340 universities, more than 1,000,000 schools, and a large number of colleges and other educational and training institutions. Open to every citizen, the system provides students with free education, books and health services. Private schooling is strictly limited to a small number of religious centres, serving the nations Muslims and Christians.

Healthcare

Hallad has a publically owned, government run healthcare system. It is widely acknowledged as the best and largest healthcare system in Haven. It runs as a universal healthcare system and in Hallad private healthcare is illegal. Healthcare is a constitution granted government monopoly. All residents of Hallad have their health care paid for, regardless of medical condition or financial status. This is because healthcare is considered a right in Hallad, not a privellage (as with education in Hallad).

In Hallad, providing access to medical treatment to those who cannot afford it themselves has reduced the severity of epidemics by reducing the number of disease carriers. It has been seen to reduce wastefulness and inefficiencies in the delivery of health care -- and is a major step up from Hallad's nearly non-existant healthcare system before the Revolution. It aligns incentives for investment in long term health-care productivity, preventive care, and better management of chronic conditions. The system encourages patients to seek preventive care enabling problems to be detected and treated earlier. A centralized national database has made diagnosis and treatment easier for doctors. Medical professionals in Hallad can concentrate on treating patients rather than on administrative duties.

Oil

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H-Oil Head Quarters in Ryydra.

See Main Article: Halladi Oil Company

Hallad is an oil rich nation, and because of this the government has had a monopoly since 1964 when oil was first discovered. The Halladi Oil Company -- known as H-Oil to most -- claims to have some of the largest oil wells in the world. Hallad as is, exports over 16,535,300 bbl/day of oil. H-Oil is a former member of the M-Oil/YUKOS oil cartel, but left after DontPissUsOff ceased to exist. H-Oil has branches in Halladi allies and most of Haven.

	The Workers’ Republic of Hallad
Main article: Hallad
Characters: Hasan Muhammad, Rashid Hassan, Mustafa Fenris, Musab al Sadr, James Cross
Government and politics: Government, Bill of rights, National Workers' Assembly, Solidarity Bloc, True Directorate, Collectivist Party, Halladi Socialism, First Halladi Civil War, Homat el Diyar
Economy: Halladi Nationalized Arms Manufacturing, Tamil-Ukana, Agriculture in Hallad, Public Sector of Hallad
Military: Halladi Red Army, Halladi Red Navy, Halladi Red Air Force, Republican Guard, W.P.A., Frontier Corps, Workers' and Peasants' Army, HAP-1 Automatic Pistol, HAR-1A Assault Rifle, Halladi-Hattian Conflict, Halladi-Shessaran War
Miscellaneous: Erse, Federated Directorate (defunct), Al Jazeera, Al Jazeera International, Halladi Desert, Education in Hallad