Difference between revisions of "Template:Feature"

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<h3>[[Pacitalian]]</h3>
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__NOTOC__
  
<h4>Introduction</h4>
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<h3>[[Noterelenda]]</h3>
'''Pacitalian''' is a centuries-old, descendant language of [[Wikipedia:Latin|Latin]] native to the republic of [[Pacitalia]]. It is identified by its quick speaking consistency, its consonant-vowel flow, and in some cases its addition of Spanish/Mayan words. However, Pacitalian is different in that although it sounds similar to Italian, its structure and verb tensing is different because it is not from the same language family. Approximately 14 billion people worldwide speak Pacitalian, making it a top five non-RL language on NationStates.
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The differences between Pacitalian and Italian developed, of course, because of the fact that Pacitalians first existed in their current land space around 24 AD, and this split Latin speakers from their homeland. The split caused a gentle but continuous tweak in the form and style of the language so that, when Latin in Italy morphed into [[Wikipedia:Italian|Italian]] and Latin in Pacitalia became Pacitalian, there were marked differences present. These aforementioned differences began to appear most of all in the 1600s as Pacitalia established itself as a more imposing cultural and intellectual force.
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'''Noterelenda''' is a constructed language developed in [[Bedistan]], and is one of the five official [[language]]s of the [[Unified Capitalizt States]], though it is more widely spoken in the former [[West Bedistan]] and [[Pedriana]]. It draws influences from the other three Bedistani languages ([[English]], [[Spanish]], and a very small amount of classical [[Greek]]).
  
The evolved ''lingua'' known as Pacitalian was declared an official language in April 1805. On a side note, English was not declared official until 1946. By the early 1900s, it was the principal language taught in schools and was widely used for literature not only in Pacitalia but in surrounding areas influenced directly or indirectly by Pacitalian culture.
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==Basic Grammar==
  
<h4>Pronunciation key</h4>
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Due to Noterelenda's case system, there is no specific required sentence structure, though most sentences use a simple subject-verb-object (SVO) form, like English.  Modifiers are usually placed after nouns.
  
The pronunciation of Pacitalian letters is similar to Italian with slight augmentations.
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===Archaic letters===
  
<h5>Vowels</h5>
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The letter '''q''' has not always existed in its present form.  Originally, the /tʃ/ sound was represented by the letter combination "ch".  The extra letter ''h'' was later dropped and the /tʃ/ sound was represented by a cedilla added under the c (ç).  Rushed writing styles common to Noterelenda speakers eventually resulted in the morphing of this letter into a g-like entity, and eventually the stroke was reversed in direction to help in differentiation, producing today's modern letter ''q''.
* a = ''ah'' as in '''flaw''' or '''bra'''<br>
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* e = ''ay'' as in '''pay''' or '''gray'''<br>
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* i = ''ih'' as in '''bit''' or '''stick'''<br>
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* o = ''oh'' as in '''grow''' or '''ode'''<br>
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* u = ''oo'' as in '''boot''' or '''stew'''<br>
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* For forward accented vowels (á, é, í, ó, ú) simply add volume to your voice (emphasis).
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===Pronunciation===
* For back-accented vowels (à, è, ì, ò, ù) draw the syllable out.
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<h4>Pluralisation</h4>
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Unless otherwise specified, the stress of any polysyllabic word falls on the penultimate syllable (qi'''da'''de, kon'''si'''ke). A written acute accent mark indicates that the stress instead falls on the syllable over which it is written (jevar'''é''').  An apostrophe (') usually indicates a slightly more pronounced break between syllables.  It is typically used when there is an awkward transition in sounds (archaic word ''<nowiki>Arjenibrúk'ta</nowiki>'', replaced by ''Arjenibrukem'').  It is also used for separating special modifiers from a word (the suffix ''<nowiki>'da</nowiki>'', for instance, acts as the word "the").  Note that for purposes of stress, any prefixes or suffixes set off by apostrophes are not considered to be part of the word; hence the written accent over the u in ''<nowiki>Arjenibrúk'ta</nowiki>''.  A few words, such as numbers, can be composed of multiple parts set off by apostrophes.  For purposes of stress, treat each section as a separate word; the stress within each section will fall on the penultimate syllable unless otherwise specified.  This is the only way in which multiple accent marks can appear in a word.
Add -mu to the end of a noun. Angels becomes ''angelicamu'' instead of ''angelica'' and apples become ''pomamu''. When a consonant ends a noun (which is very rare), add -amu instead.
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<h4>Pronoun conjugation</h4>
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====Vowels====
This is where conjugation differs within something, instead of on verbs where conjugation is universal in a tense. There are three pronoun types - ''masculina'' (masculine), ''feminena'' (feminine), and ''neutralità'' (neutral/unisex). Obviously, you should use masculine when talking about something of the male sex, feminine when talking about the female sex, and neutral/unisex when the noun/subject has no sexuality.
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:''See more in the main article at: [[Pacitalian]]''
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Normally when two vowels appear side-by-side, they are considered to be part of two separate syllables.  Thus, ''senie'' (store, nominative) is pronounced "sen-EE-ay", with the i and e forming distinct syllables.  For a greater range of vowel sounds, though, a ''diphthong'' can be formed.  A diphthong is composed of two vowels side-by-side, with the second vowel having a diaeresis (two dots) drawn above it.
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Example:  The word ''guane'', written as shown, would be pronounced "goo-AH-nay".  However, if a diphthong is formed by writing ''guäne'', the two vowels merge, and the pronunciation becomes "GWAH-nay".
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In the event that a diphthong requires a written accent mark, that accent mark is placed over the first vowel.  Thus, a theoretical word ''nepáï'' would be pronounced "nep-AYE".
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: ''See more in the [[Noterelenda|main article]].''

Latest revision as of 20:01, 20 October 2007


Noterelenda

Noterelenda is a constructed language developed in Bedistan, and is one of the five official languages of the Unified Capitalizt States, though it is more widely spoken in the former West Bedistan and Pedriana. It draws influences from the other three Bedistani languages (English, Spanish, and a very small amount of classical Greek).

Basic Grammar

Due to Noterelenda's case system, there is no specific required sentence structure, though most sentences use a simple subject-verb-object (SVO) form, like English. Modifiers are usually placed after nouns.

Archaic letters

The letter q has not always existed in its present form. Originally, the /tʃ/ sound was represented by the letter combination "ch". The extra letter h was later dropped and the /tʃ/ sound was represented by a cedilla added under the c (ç). Rushed writing styles common to Noterelenda speakers eventually resulted in the morphing of this letter into a g-like entity, and eventually the stroke was reversed in direction to help in differentiation, producing today's modern letter q.

Pronunciation

Unless otherwise specified, the stress of any polysyllabic word falls on the penultimate syllable (qidade, konsike). A written acute accent mark indicates that the stress instead falls on the syllable over which it is written (jevaré). An apostrophe (') usually indicates a slightly more pronounced break between syllables. It is typically used when there is an awkward transition in sounds (archaic word Arjenibrúk'ta, replaced by Arjenibrukem). It is also used for separating special modifiers from a word (the suffix 'da, for instance, acts as the word "the"). Note that for purposes of stress, any prefixes or suffixes set off by apostrophes are not considered to be part of the word; hence the written accent over the u in Arjenibrúk'ta. A few words, such as numbers, can be composed of multiple parts set off by apostrophes. For purposes of stress, treat each section as a separate word; the stress within each section will fall on the penultimate syllable unless otherwise specified. This is the only way in which multiple accent marks can appear in a word.

Vowels

Normally when two vowels appear side-by-side, they are considered to be part of two separate syllables. Thus, senie (store, nominative) is pronounced "sen-EE-ay", with the i and e forming distinct syllables. For a greater range of vowel sounds, though, a diphthong can be formed. A diphthong is composed of two vowels side-by-side, with the second vowel having a diaeresis (two dots) drawn above it.

Example: The word guane, written as shown, would be pronounced "goo-AH-nay". However, if a diphthong is formed by writing guäne, the two vowels merge, and the pronunciation becomes "GWAH-nay".

In the event that a diphthong requires a written accent mark, that accent mark is placed over the first vowel. Thus, a theoretical word nepáï would be pronounced "nep-AYE".

See more in the main article.