Pretenama Panel

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The Pretenama Panel logo

The Pretenama panel (TPP) is the UN body that judge the cases of genocide. It is formed by 15 members chosen from a group of volunteer UN members.

Definition

In the case of an appeal for humanitarian intervention, as stated in UN Resolution 92 on Humanitarian Intervention:

The official Panel flag
[Cases of genocide] may be brought to the UN’s attention by any coalition of nations (minimum of 2) with a plan for intervention. The case will then be assessed by a Pretenama Panel.

As stated in the Eon Convention on Genocide (UN Resolution 83)

  1. TPP is a body that can be instituted by the UN when it requires it. It is not a standing panel, but one that is created when the UN requires its services. More than one TPP can be operational at the same time.
  2. TPP is made up of representatives from fifteen UN member nations. These representatives must be diplomats, or lawyers. Each nation can supply only two members to TPP. No nation can serve on more than one TPP at the same time. The members of TPP can be challenged by those accused as well as the accusers, as the independence of TPP is paramount.

Selection

Eligibility for Selection

  • Members of the panel must be members of the UN.
  • The nations requesting permission for humanitarian intervention may not sit on the panel themselves.
  • Of the fifteen nations on the panel, no two may be from the same region, i.e. nations of fifteen different regions must be represented.
  • Of the fifteen nations on the panel, no two may be from the same multi-national empire, and nations belonging to such a setup (or similar) must declare it.
  • No other nations from the accused or the accusing nations' region may sit on the panel.
  • No nation may sit on more than one Pretenama Panel at the same time
  • Nations must have been added to the list for at least 2 weeks before they can sit on a panel (to prevent last minute subscribing after an appeal has been made)
The Council room

The Selection Process

Below this document is a list of UN members who have declared themselves willing to sit on any future Pretenema Panel. When it is necessary to form a panel, fifteen nations will be randomly selected from this list, using the Mikitivity Random Selection Procedure. If there are any rule violations on such picks, e.g. 2 nations from the same region, only the first nation to be chosen will remain on the panel.


Of the 15 nations chosen, one is to be elected Chair. Candidates must be proposed and seconded, and then put to a vote. The candidate with the most votes will chair. In the case of a two way tie, votes for any candidates other than the two-tied nominees will be redistributed. In the event of a 3 way tie (5 votes each), the vote will be retaken (considering just those 3 nominees that are tied) except instead of just voting for the chair, they have to rank the 3 nominees in order of preference 1 2 or 3. Then, if there is a tie again (someone may change their vote to break the tie), obviously each nominee will have 5 first votes each, but the number of second votes will then be counted. If there is still not an outright winner, then the 2 nominees who got the most votes in that round will be considered in a final vote, resulting in an outright winner.

The Veto System

Once the panel has been established, there will be the chance to veto the participation of certain members. A maximum of four nations (4/15) can be substituted with replacement nations (from the list). The vetos shall be divided as such: 2 veto votes shall be allocated to the accused nation; and 2 veto votes shall be allocated to the accusing nations. However, the elected Chair is exempt from this process and may not be vetoed off the panel.

Intervention and Investigation

  • Member Nations are required to submit to an investigation ordered by TPP instituted by an accusation of Genocide. If no evidence is found, TPP is disbanded. If evidence is found, TPP will proceed to form a strategy for intervention.
  • TPP will be advised by impartial and independent human rights experts, (e.g. from human rights international non-governmental organisations,) but it will be the UN committee who votes on whether an action is appropriate.
  • TPP will meet only in the UN forum, with all discussions posted in order that all members may examine the evidence and conclusions, allowing for greater accountability and transparency.

Panel Jurisdiction

  • The Panel has 3 purposes:
  1. To establish whether there are grounds for intervention (i.e. genocide/ethnic cleansing is occurring) by examining evidence provided by the accusing coalition and human rights organisations, as well as hearing the accused nation’s defence.
  2. If it is agreed that there are grounds for intervention, the panel will then assess the plans for intervention, and will establish a list of goals and targets for the operation. They may also forbid certain actions. Any decisions should be based upon upholding the ideals of proportionality, consequence and motive. All actions must aim only at ending the genocide and restoring order, and excessive or unnecessary means should not be used.
  3. TPP will then decide on the post-intervention obligations of each of the intervening nations. These could include all aspects of peace-, state- and nation-building; including but not limited to maintenance of order, infrastructure repairs, medical aid, etc.
  • If intervention is approved and commences, TPP may at any point provide further guidelines, especially if circumstances change dramatically. TPP may at any time choose to withdraw intervening forces, especially if they abuse their role and/or ignore TPP’s guidelines.

Voting Mechanics

Each stage requires taking a vote before moving onto the next stage. Each vote requires a 2/3 majority to pass. Therefore at least 10 of the 15 nations must vote in favour.

Legal Proceedings

  • TPP will act in accordance to UN resolutions, and their guidelines and goals for intervention will incorporate these.
  • Members of TPP (And of the intervening coalition) are prohibited from getting reparations or spoils of war.
  • Any post-intervention state-building must be done in the best interest of the state in question. Intervening nations may not use this as an opportunity to unduly promote their own businesses and economies.

Member list

Current membership of the Panel, and the region they represent:

See also