Difference between revisions of "CDF Land Service"

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The '''Land Service''' is the army of [[Sober Thought game|Sober Thought]] and the core of its [[Community Defence Forces]] because ultimately land forces that must occupy a defeated enemy and engage in reconstruction.  While separate in peacetime, the [[Community Defence Forces#Civil Guard|Civil Guard]] is closely integrated with the Land Service, the former of which provides an increasing amount of troops for the latter's nine field divisions.
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{{STMD}}
  
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==Branches, sub-branches and types==
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The '''Land Service''' of the '''[[Community Defence Forces]]''' is the standing army of '''[[Sober Thought]]''' and is responsible to the ''[[Sober Thought government#Federal government|federal government]]'''.  Each of the nine provinces also maintains a military force described as the '''[[CDF Civil Guard]]''' which the '''[[Sober Thought government#House of the Federation|House of the Federation]]''' may place on federal service to be integrated with the Land Service.
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The Community Defence Forces in general and the Land Service in particular need different kinds of troops to achieve their objectives.  These specialities are indicated by insignia on the upper part of defenders' shoulderboards, with the exception of the infantry which needs none as the primary branch of both the CDF and LS.
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More than half of the branches extant in the Land Service are common to the CDF as a whole: Intelligence & Reconnaissance, Supply, Justice & Police, Health, Maintenance (electrical and mechanical engineering), Signals & Electronic Warfare (communications & radar jamming), and Search and Rescue.  Despite its name, Land Transport exists only as a branch in the Land Service and not as a sub-branch of a Defence Forces-wide branch.
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During peacetime, the Land Service proper and the Civil Guard combined have roughly 12 [[CDF divisions|division]] equivalents (including [[CDF Naval Service#Marines|marines]]) for every one hundred million national population.  The command staffs of [[CDF land units and formations#Battalion|battalions]], [[CDF land units and formations#Demi-brigade|demi-brigades]], [[CDF land units and formations#Brigade|brigades]] and [[CDF land units and formations#Division|divisions]] in both are, except for the actual senior officer, duplicated to provide leadership for formations of conscripts.
  
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Within the Land Service, the division of labour is recognized by a classifcation of troops into three branches, eleven sub-branches and a dozen or more types.  Infantry, artillery and land engineering are the remaining branches in the service. Their sub-branches include, respectively, light infantry, air defence artillery and civil engineering.  Similarly, their types include, respectively, mountain infantry, rocket air defence artillery and bridge building.
 
  
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Branches are the most broad subdivisions in the service, e.g., Artillery covers all firearms equal to or greater than 20 mm as well as rockets.  Sub-branches are more specialised, e.g., Pack Artillery covers all firearms equal to or greater than 20 mm which are designed to be carried by soldiers themselves.  Movement among sub-branches would require lots of retraining.
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==Branches ==
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'''''Main articles:''''' '''[[CDF armour]], [[CDF artillery]], [[CDF infantry]], [[CDF land engineering]], [[CDF land transport]]''' and '''[[CDF maintenance engineering#Land maintenance engineering]] '''.
  
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Types are even more specialised, e.g., Airborne Artillery covers all firearms equal to or greater than 20 mm which are designed to be delivered by parachute then carried by soldiers themselves.  Movement among types would require some retraining, although usually in the ancilliary task rather than on the equipment themselves.  For example, the pack artillery pieces are all the same regardless of whether they are in an airborne, mountain or rifle brigade of the light infantry sub-branch; however, rifle battalion gunners would have to learn parachuting, or climbing and skiing, if they were transferring to the other types.
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The Community Defence Forces in general and the Land Service in particular need different kinds of troops to achieve their objectives.  These specialties are indicated by [[CDF ranks#Branch|insignia]] on the upper part of defenders' shoulderboards, with the exception of the infantry which needs none as the primary branch of both the CDF and LS.
  
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More than half of the branches extant in the Land Service are common to the CDF as a whole: Intelligence & Reconnaissance, Supply, Justice & Police, [[CDF health|Health]], [[CDF maintenance engineering#Land maintenance engineering|Maintenance]] (electrical and mechanical engineering), Signals & Electronic Warfare (communications & radar jamming), and Search and Rescue.  Despite its name, Land Transport exists only as a branch in the Land Service and not as a sub-branch of a Defence Forces-wide branch.
  
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==Units and subunits==
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Within the Land Service, the division of labour is recognized by a classification of troops into three branches, eleven sub-branches and a dozen or more types. Infantry, artillery and land engineering are the remaining branches in the service. Their sub-branches include, respectively, light infantry, air defence artillery and civil engineering. Similarly, their types include, respectively, mountain infantry, rocket air defence artillery and bridge building.
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In the CDF, the term "unit" refers to the largest body of troops formed from a single branch and "subunit" is a wholly subordinate part of a unit. In the Land Service, the most important units and subunits are companies, usually of 100-200 all ranks, and battalions, 400-600. Companies are rarely broken up or augmented, while battalions are more frequently augmented with additional specialist companies.
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The basic building block for such specialty and support troops as those in the Engineering and Health Branches is the company.  These companies may initially be raised as independent units in one sub-branch only but become dependent sub-units when combined with other companies in different sub-branches to form battalions of serveral types in one branch.
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==Units and formations==
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'''''Main articles:''''' '''[[CDF land units and formations]]''', '''[[CDF divisions]]''' and '''[[CDF marines]]'''.
  
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The basic building block for armoured, infantry and field artillery troops is the battalion.  With the exception of Marines, these units are only raised in battalions and are rarely broken up.  They tend to have a stable organisation and number of companies which then serve as subunits of the battalion unit.
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In the CDF, the term "unit" refers to the largest body of troops formed from a single branch and "subunit" is a wholly subordinate part of a unit. In the Land Service, the most important units and subunits are companies, usually of 100-200 all ranks, and battalions, 400-600. Companies are rarely broken up or augmented, while battalions are more frequently augmented with additional specialist companies.
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One of these whole battalions which is augmented by company sub-units for a specific purpose is called a battalion group. For example, an infantry battalion might get armoured, artillery and engineering companies attached -- nearly doubling the size of the battalion -- to overcome unusual obstacles or to operate as a battle group or mini-formation.
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On a somewhat larger scale, two to five battalions of different combat branches may be more or less permanently grouped together in a brigade.  So long as the brigade is not augmented with specialist and support battalions or companies, it functions so: the brigade is unit, the battalion is simultanously a sub-unit of the brigade and the parent unit of the company, and the company is a sub-unit of the battalion.  If there significant numbers of support elements are added to a brigade, it becomes a small formation called a brigade group (although retaining the original brigade number) and its commanding officer may be promoted to Chief Commander from Commander.
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The basic building block for such specialty and support troops as those in the Engineering and Health Branches is the company.  These companies may initially be raised as independent units in one sub-branch only but become dependent sub-units when combined with other companies in different sub-branches to form battalions of several types in one branch.
  
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==Formations==
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The basic building block for armoured, infantry and field artillery troops is the battalion.  With the exception of [[CDF marines]], these units are only raised in battalions and are rarely broken up.  They tend to have a stable organisation and number of companies which then serve as subunits of the battalion unit.  
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When several or many units and their subunits are grouped together in something resembling a balance from the branches, they are called formations.  They may be grouped together to complete a specific mission, then dissolved after it is accomplished.  Sometimes, the have semi-permanent status, but their constitutent units and subunits might rotate through without any change in the name or command of the formation as a whole.  
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Headquarters companies of 100 personnel are employed at the army, corps, division and brigade (group) level, and are distinguished by the rank of the Chief Marshal, Marshal, Vice Marshal or (Chief) Commander involved. Large missions typically require at least one division. 
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When several or many units and their subunits are grouped together in something resembling a balance from the branches, they are called formations.  They may be grouped together to complete a specific mission, then dissolved after it is accomplished.  Sometimes, the have semi-permanent status, but their constituent units and subunits might rotate through without any change in the name or command of the formation as a whole.  
  
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The general organisation of a division will remain substantially the same, but the composition of specific brigades and their constituent battalions will vary greatly.  Three field brigades (whether infantry, armoured or a mixture) provide the bulk of the fighting strength.  In addition to any artillery battalions directly attached to the brigades, the divisional artillery brigade usually includes a few sepcialised battalions for air defence, anti-armour or heavy bombardment operations.  Support elements, often divided into separate combat support and service support brigades, typically include one or two additional armoured or infantry battalions, two or so engineering battalions, a medical battalion, one or a few transport and supply battalions, and a security battalion including reconnaissance, intelligence and military police companies.
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Headquarters companies of 100 personnel are employed at the army, corps, division and brigade (group) level, and are distinguished by the rank of the Chief Marshal, Marshal, Vice Marshal or (Chief) Commander involved.  Large missions typically require at least one division.
  
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Independent brigades -- briefly described above in the discussion in brigade groups -- are always beefed up, usually one the basis of approximately one third of divisional troops.  Rather than take whole existing battalions from the support, engineering and artillery brigades, composite battalions are made by taking one company each from the parent battalions.  E.g., a composite artillery battalion might consist of an HQ, an air defence, an anti-armour and two self-propelled artillery companies.
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==Weapons==
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'''''Main articles:''''' '''[[CDF armour]], [[CDF small arms]], [[CDF tanks]], [[CDF tracked armoured vehicles]]''' and '''[[CDF wheeled armoured vehicles]]'''.
  
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Soldiers in the CDF carry [[CDF small arms|small arms]] for personal use on the battlefield.  Officers, technical specialists, vehicle drivers and close quarters combat soldiers are armed with 9 mm pistols, 9 mm submachineguns, or both.  The majority of troops, however, are armed with one of the long arms family of weapons.  The carbine, assault rifle, sniper rifle and light machine gun all fire 7 mm ammunition.  The Community Defence Forces' medium machine gun fires explosive 8 mm ammunition and the heavy machinegun 12 mm.  In addition to being carried by foot soldiers, they are mounted on vehicles.
  
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==Formation and unit symbols==
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Fully-tracked [[CDF tanks|tanks]] and [[CDF wheeled armoured vehicles|wheeled armoured cars]] are the main weapons of the Land Service.  However, they must support and be supported by [[CDF infantry|infantry]] whether in heavily armed [[CDF tracked armoured vehicles#Armoured infantry combat vehicles|armoured infantry combat vehicles]], [[CDF tracked armoured vehicles#Armoured personnel carrier|tracked]] or [[CDF wheeled armoured vehicles#Armoured personnel carrier|wheeled]] armoured personnel carriers, or softskinned trucks.
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The CDF uses symbols similar to their counterparts in NATO or U.S. Army, e.g., an "X" indicates infantry, a small rectangle with rounded corners in the centre armoured, a small circle in the centre artillery, an "E" on the left engineering, etc.  The symbols are cumulative, so an X with a rounded rectangle indicates armoured infantry, i.e., infantry soldiers transported in armoured vehicles who fight dismounted.
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http://i8.photobucket.com/albums/a6/extrememoderate/FirstArmy.jpg
 
  
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This chart shows three armoured, three armoured infantry, two infantry and one light infantry division; plus one airborne, two armoured, two armoured infantry, 3 artillery, one security, one engineering and three support brigades or brigade groups of non-divisional troops commanded directly by the corps or army headquarters.
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==Land Reserve==
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After successfully and honourably completing their terms of enlistment in the Land Service, regular soldiers may apply to serve in the Land Reserve.  Those in military occupations such as armoured vehicle mechanic or health care professional which require long training periods, and those with proven command ability, are most likely to be accepted.
  
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==Marine Division==
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Land Reservists accept civilian employment related to their military occupation, such as truck mechanic, railway worker, civil engineer, construction worker, nurse or physician.  Each year they also undergo about two weeks refresher training in military applications of these occupations, and of military culture, discipline and command.  They are frequently attached to the [[CDF Civil Guard]], although their status is different from that land-based body of citizen-soldiers.
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The marines, comprised of one consecutively numbered Marine Division per hundred million national population, are under permanent operational control of the [[Naval Service]].  Each division consists of several discrete elements: 1274 marines permanently stationed on warships ranging in size from frigates to cruisers, three battalions of light infantry (one permanently stationed on the aircraft carrier), three battalions of armour and three battalions of armoured infantry (two thirds of the latter of whom are permamently stationed on the nine landing ships), plus divisional artillery, support and engineering brigades on land.
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==Small arms==
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The Chief of the Land Staff may, with the consent of the [[Ministry of Community Defence|Minster of Community Defence]], activate all or part of the Land Reserve.  The reservists do not belong to formed units but rather are all individual ready reservists. During crisis or war, with the consent of the federal government, recent veterans and civilians may be conscripted into the Land Reserve.
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Small arms divide roughly into three groups: those firing pistol ammunition, those firing rifle ammunition and those firing machine gun ammunition.  Military pistols have more or less standarised worldwide at 9 mm, but other standards have proved problematic.  While alliance discussions may alter the rifle calibre to conform with a different standard such as 5.56 mm (.219 or .22 inch) or 7.62 mm (.30 inch), the basic design of the weapons will remain unchanged.  Similarly, the machine calibres are somewhat malleable even if their designs are less so.
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Officers and some technical staff are armed with 9 mm pistols with 10 round clips which serve more of a ceremonial or theoretical role on the modern battlefield. The same ammunition, but loaded into twenty or thirty round magazines, is fired from submachine guns which equip other techical staff, naval boarding parties, urban light infantry and other combat soldiers who fight in places where space is at a premium, accuracy is unimportant and range is short.
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==Mobilisation==
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As a standing army, the Land Service formations are ready for combat in a week or less; as a militia, the Civil Guard formations are ready in a month or less; as an individual ready reserve, the Land Reservists are ready within two weeks or less.  During times of crisis or war, the federal government activates the Civil Guard for national defence duties.
  
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The most numerous group by far is the 7 mm long arms family with the general outward appearance of a PPSh 43 or AK 47.  There are four variants: carbine, assault rifle, sniper rifle and light machine gun, all of which can be fed by 15 or 30 round magazines. The carbine and assault rifle are most similar, both having the capacity for a bayonet to be afixed, the former having a collapsable stock and the latter a fixed one.  The sniper rifle has a telescopic sight, longer barrel and bipod. The light machine gun has a carrying handle, a longer barrel with quick-change capability and the same bipod as the sniper rifle, but it is also designed to take 100 round ammunition belts.
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Unlike many [[real world]] armies, the CDF imposes no explicit reserve obligation upon discharged soldiers, although they may voluntarily join the Land Reserve.  During times of actual war, the government may -- and in large conflicts often does -- institute conscription and veterans are at the top of the list.
  
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The Community Defence Forces' medium machine gun uses 8 mm ammunition with an explosive charge slightly greater than the 7 mm ammunition used in the long arms family.  It has a pistol-grip trigger, a stockless receiver with hinged access for loading 200 round belts of bullets, a yoked pin closed by a cotterpin for affixing to mounts, a round fixed sight and a quick-change barrel.  The same basic design is fractionally increased by one third (excepting the ergonomic items like the trigger and barrel grip) for the heavy machine gun which fires 12 mm bullets.
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First up are soldiers, master soldiers and leading soldiers who were discharged honourably and medically fit in the last two years and who are aged no more than 30.  These are the trained [[CDF infantry|infanteers]], [[CDF artillery|gunners]], tankers, [[CDF land engineering|engineers]], etc. who form the bulk of a [[CDF land units and formations#Units|unit]].  They are commanded by officers of the lieutenant ranks who were similarly discharged, but their maximum age is increased to 35.  These officers provide the platoon and company commanders, and deputy commanders for [[CDF land units and formations#Battalion|battalions]] through [[CDF land units and formations#Division|divisions]].
  
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The next wave of divisions gets the duplicated staffs and about a quarter of the platoon and company officers which are hived off from the Land Service and Civil Guard.  It gets
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its warrant officers and leading soldiers from those discharged three to five years previously and who are aged no more than 40.  Officers ranking vice commander and below are aged no more than 45, while those commander and above are no more than 50.  Its soldiers, master soldiers and some leading soldiers are drawn from the ranks of those with no prior military service.  These formations are ready in six months or less. 
  
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==Armoured vehicles==
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The final wave of divisions is drawn, except for its most senior commanders, from those with no prior military service. In order to accommodate this wave and the previous one, the training command cadre units are tripled for the duration of full mobilisation.  These formations take at least a year to become usefully functional, but within six months they can be used in a home defence role to free up better trained units.
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The Land Service operates several families of tracked and wheeled armoured vehicles and some orphans designs divided by role of vehicle and type of locomotion. For greater detail, click on the links of interest: [[Community Defence Forces tanks|tanks]], [[Community Defence Forces tracked armoured vehicles|other tracked vehicles]] and [[Community Defence Forces wheeled armoured vehicles|wheeled armoured vehicles]].  Below is a brief summary.
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The biggest punch of the Land Service is packed but its tanks, which by definition, are always fully tracked. A similar punch is packed by armoured cars, which one may regard as tanks with wheels.  While it is still true that infantry is the queen of the battlefield, tanks and armoured cars are often indispensible in this exercise of power.  These vehicles may be used to bombard enemy positions, attack enemy personnel and vehicles, and to hold territory.
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The second wave is light on [[CDF tanks|armour]] and [[CDF artillery|artillery]], which take some time to manufacture; however, by the third and fourth waves the factories will be churning out arms at phenomenal rate and the second wave can be retroactively brought up to the proper tables of equipment.  Combined, this gives an impressive 48 divisions per 100 million population, close to the largest sustainable army that the industrial and demographic base of the country can support.
  
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Other armoured vehicles -- whether tracked, half-tracked or wheeled -- may be used to transport infantry onto the battlefield where they may operate jointly with tanks and armoured cars.  This is the so-called battle taxi function of armoured personnel carriers (armed only with weapons below 20 mm calibre) and infantry combat vehicles (armed with weapons at least 20 mm calibre).  Very specialised armoured vehicles are used to recover damaged vehicles or lay bridges under enemy fire.
 
  
 
[[Category:Sober Thought]]
 
[[Category:Sober Thought]]
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[[Category:Community Defence Forces]]

Latest revision as of 19:20, 23 January 2007

This article is about a branch of the armed forces of Sober Thought. For discussions about armed forces generally, see Category:Armed forces.

The Land Service' of the Community Defence Forces is the standing army of Sober Thought and is responsible to the federal government. Each of the nine provinces also maintains a military force described as the CDF Civil Guard which the House of the Federation may place on federal service to be integrated with the Land Service.

During peacetime, the Land Service proper and the Civil Guard combined have roughly 12 division equivalents (including marines) for every one hundred million national population. The command staffs of battalions, demi-brigades, brigades and divisions in both are, except for the actual senior officer, duplicated to provide leadership for formations of conscripts.


Branches

Main articles: CDF armour, CDF artillery, CDF infantry, CDF land engineering, CDF land transport and CDF maintenance engineering#Land maintenance engineering .

The Community Defence Forces in general and the Land Service in particular need different kinds of troops to achieve their objectives. These specialties are indicated by insignia on the upper part of defenders' shoulderboards, with the exception of the infantry which needs none as the primary branch of both the CDF and LS.

More than half of the branches extant in the Land Service are common to the CDF as a whole: Intelligence & Reconnaissance, Supply, Justice & Police, Health, Maintenance (electrical and mechanical engineering), Signals & Electronic Warfare (communications & radar jamming), and Search and Rescue. Despite its name, Land Transport exists only as a branch in the Land Service and not as a sub-branch of a Defence Forces-wide branch.

Within the Land Service, the division of labour is recognized by a classification of troops into three branches, eleven sub-branches and a dozen or more types. Infantry, artillery and land engineering are the remaining branches in the service. Their sub-branches include, respectively, light infantry, air defence artillery and civil engineering. Similarly, their types include, respectively, mountain infantry, rocket air defence artillery and bridge building.

Units and formations

Main articles: CDF land units and formations, CDF divisions and CDF marines.

In the CDF, the term "unit" refers to the largest body of troops formed from a single branch and "subunit" is a wholly subordinate part of a unit. In the Land Service, the most important units and subunits are companies, usually of 100-200 all ranks, and battalions, 400-600. Companies are rarely broken up or augmented, while battalions are more frequently augmented with additional specialist companies.

The basic building block for such specialty and support troops as those in the Engineering and Health Branches is the company. These companies may initially be raised as independent units in one sub-branch only but become dependent sub-units when combined with other companies in different sub-branches to form battalions of several types in one branch.

The basic building block for armoured, infantry and field artillery troops is the battalion. With the exception of CDF marines, these units are only raised in battalions and are rarely broken up. They tend to have a stable organisation and number of companies which then serve as subunits of the battalion unit.

When several or many units and their subunits are grouped together in something resembling a balance from the branches, they are called formations. They may be grouped together to complete a specific mission, then dissolved after it is accomplished. Sometimes, the have semi-permanent status, but their constituent units and subunits might rotate through without any change in the name or command of the formation as a whole.

Headquarters companies of 100 personnel are employed at the army, corps, division and brigade (group) level, and are distinguished by the rank of the Chief Marshal, Marshal, Vice Marshal or (Chief) Commander involved. Large missions typically require at least one division.

Weapons

Main articles: CDF armour, CDF small arms, CDF tanks, CDF tracked armoured vehicles and CDF wheeled armoured vehicles.

Soldiers in the CDF carry small arms for personal use on the battlefield. Officers, technical specialists, vehicle drivers and close quarters combat soldiers are armed with 9 mm pistols, 9 mm submachineguns, or both. The majority of troops, however, are armed with one of the long arms family of weapons. The carbine, assault rifle, sniper rifle and light machine gun all fire 7 mm ammunition. The Community Defence Forces' medium machine gun fires explosive 8 mm ammunition and the heavy machinegun 12 mm. In addition to being carried by foot soldiers, they are mounted on vehicles.

Fully-tracked tanks and wheeled armoured cars are the main weapons of the Land Service. However, they must support and be supported by infantry whether in heavily armed armoured infantry combat vehicles, tracked or wheeled armoured personnel carriers, or softskinned trucks.


Land Reserve

After successfully and honourably completing their terms of enlistment in the Land Service, regular soldiers may apply to serve in the Land Reserve. Those in military occupations such as armoured vehicle mechanic or health care professional which require long training periods, and those with proven command ability, are most likely to be accepted.

Land Reservists accept civilian employment related to their military occupation, such as truck mechanic, railway worker, civil engineer, construction worker, nurse or physician. Each year they also undergo about two weeks refresher training in military applications of these occupations, and of military culture, discipline and command. They are frequently attached to the CDF Civil Guard, although their status is different from that land-based body of citizen-soldiers.

The Chief of the Land Staff may, with the consent of the Minster of Community Defence, activate all or part of the Land Reserve. The reservists do not belong to formed units but rather are all individual ready reservists. During crisis or war, with the consent of the federal government, recent veterans and civilians may be conscripted into the Land Reserve.

Mobilisation

As a standing army, the Land Service formations are ready for combat in a week or less; as a militia, the Civil Guard formations are ready in a month or less; as an individual ready reserve, the Land Reservists are ready within two weeks or less. During times of crisis or war, the federal government activates the Civil Guard for national defence duties.

Unlike many real world armies, the CDF imposes no explicit reserve obligation upon discharged soldiers, although they may voluntarily join the Land Reserve. During times of actual war, the government may -- and in large conflicts often does -- institute conscription and veterans are at the top of the list.

First up are soldiers, master soldiers and leading soldiers who were discharged honourably and medically fit in the last two years and who are aged no more than 30. These are the trained infanteers, gunners, tankers, engineers, etc. who form the bulk of a unit. They are commanded by officers of the lieutenant ranks who were similarly discharged, but their maximum age is increased to 35. These officers provide the platoon and company commanders, and deputy commanders for battalions through divisions.

The next wave of divisions gets the duplicated staffs and about a quarter of the platoon and company officers which are hived off from the Land Service and Civil Guard. It gets its warrant officers and leading soldiers from those discharged three to five years previously and who are aged no more than 40. Officers ranking vice commander and below are aged no more than 45, while those commander and above are no more than 50. Its soldiers, master soldiers and some leading soldiers are drawn from the ranks of those with no prior military service. These formations are ready in six months or less.

The final wave of divisions is drawn, except for its most senior commanders, from those with no prior military service. In order to accommodate this wave and the previous one, the training command cadre units are tripled for the duration of full mobilisation. These formations take at least a year to become usefully functional, but within six months they can be used in a home defence role to free up better trained units.

The second wave is light on armour and artillery, which take some time to manufacture; however, by the third and fourth waves the factories will be churning out arms at phenomenal rate and the second wave can be retroactively brought up to the proper tables of equipment. Combined, this gives an impressive 48 divisions per 100 million population, close to the largest sustainable army that the industrial and demographic base of the country can support.

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