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−	{{Infobox_Nation |	+	<table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="right"
−	flag=http://www.nationstates.net/images/flags/uploads/latao.jpg |	+	style="margin-left:0.5em;" width="300px">
−	region=[[Atlantian Oceania]] |	+	<caption><font size=" 1">'''''Confoederatio Latinum'''''</font></caption>
−	motto=We make the World go around|	+	<tr><td style="background:#333333;" align="center" colspan="2">
−	map=none |	+	<table border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="0">
−	language=German |	+	<table border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="0">
−	capital=Luzern|	+	<tr><td align="center" colspan=2 style="border-bottom:3px solid gray;">http://www.nationstates.net/images/flags/uploads/latao.jpg</td></tr>
−	population=1 Billion|	+	</table></td></tr>
−	currency=Latinum |	+	<tr><td align="center" colspan=2 style="border-bottom:3px solid gray;"><font
−	leader=NEC	+	size="-1">''"We make the World go around"''</font></td></tr>
−	}}	+	<tr><td>[[Region]]</td><td>[[Global Right Alliance]]</td></tr>
		+	<tr><td>Population</td><td>over 2 billion</td></tr>
		+	<tr><td>[[Language|Official Language]]</td><td>[[German]], [[English]]</td></tr>
		+	<tr><td>[[Capital]]</td><td>Luciaria</td></tr>
		+	<tr><td>Leader</td><td>National Executive Committee</td></tr>
		+	<tr><td>State Type</td><td>Democracy</td></tr>
		+	<tr><td>Government</td><td>Right-winged</td></tr>
		+	<tr><td>Currency</td><td>Latinum</td></tr>
		+	<tr><td>National Anthem</td><td>''"Latao above Everything!"''</td></tr>
		+	<tr><td>National Animal</td><td>Scooby-Doo</td></tr>
		+	<tr><td>Internet TLD </td><td>.cl</td></tr>
		+	<tr><td>Dial Code</td><td>007</td></tr>
		+	<tr><td>Country Code</td><td>CL</td></tr>
		+	<tr><td>Map</td><td>[(none)]</td></tr>
		+	<tr><td style="background:#333333;" align="center" colspan="2">
		+	<tr><td align="center" colspan=2 style="border-bottom:3px solid gray;"><font
		+	size="-2">Stats: [http://nseconomy.thirdgeek.com/nseconomy.php?nation=Latao NSEconomy] [http://www.nationstates.net/cgi-bin/nationdata.cgi/nation=Latao XML]</font></td></tr>
		+	<tr><td align="center" colspan=2 style="border-bottom:3px solid gray;">http://www.nationstates.net/images/flags/uploads/latao-nyssa.jpg</td></tr>
		+	</table></td></tr>
		+	<tr><td align="center" colspan=2 style="border-bottom:3px solid gray;"><font
		+	size="-2">''"Constitution of the Confederacy of Latao"''</font></td></tr>
		+	</table>
−	==Latao at a Glance==	+	=Preamble=
−	This Book of Facts on Latao provides official information about the Congederacy of Latao. You are introduced to political and cultural specialities about the country which mght be of interests when dealing or negotiating with Latao.	+	We the people of Latao shall create this federation to secure our freedom and to protect the individual. We shall create a peaceful society and work for prosperity and social security, while respecting law and order and the rights of other people.
−	===Overview===	+	This Federal Constitution declares the bill of rights for the Confederacy.
−	Latao is a moderate-sized country in the sunny south of [[Atlantian Oceania]] with Mediterranean flair. Its strong economy and the abolition of income tax, made Latao to the Monaco of Oceania. The country is an economic powerhouse of the entire region and it still has a stunning environment to offer, that is appreciated by many tourists from all over the world.	+
−	===Facts===	+
−	<table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="left">	+	=Article I – State Organization=
−	<tr><td>Country Name:</td><td>Confederacy of Latao, Confoederazio Latinum</td></tr>	+	The Confederacy of Latao is a democratic federal state. Its districts are sovereign as long their sovereignty is not limited by this federal constitution.
−	<tr><td>Climate:</td><td>North: Temperate climate, Middle and South: Mediterraanean</td></tr>	+
−	<tr><td>Location:</td><td>[[Atlantian Oceania]]</td></tr>	+
−	<tr><td>Neighbors:</td><td>Value</td></tr>	+
−	<tr><td>Field:</td><td>No direct neighbors; Holy Saints in the north; Outlands in the west; Nyssa* in the east</td></tr>	+
−	<tr><td>Size:</td><td>Moderate [[Atlantian Oceania]]</td></tr>	+
−	<tr><td>Capital:</td><td>Luciaria, Luciaria-District</td></tr>	+
−	<tr><td>Population:</td><td>;gt1.5 billion</td></tr>	+
−	<tr><td>Languages:</td><td>German, English</td></tr>	+
−	<tr><td>Religion, Churches:</td><td>45 % Christ Catholic<br>45 % Evangelist<br>10 % None or other</td></tr>	+
−	<tr><td>National Holiday:</td><td>June 4, Foundation of the Confederacy, 1848</td></tr>	+
−	<tr><td>State Form:</td><td>Democratic and Republican Federal State</td></tr>	+
−	<tr><td>State Organization:</td><td>Two-Chamber parliament with direct democracy</td></tr>	+
−	<tr><td>State Leader:</td><td>Federal President; operates as part of the seven members of the National Executive Committee (NEC)</td></tr>	+
−	<tr><td>Prime Minister:</td><td>None; administrative head of government is the Federal President as equal member of the NEC</td></tr>	+
−	<tr><td>Foreign Minister:</td><td>Nadia Pumia</td></tr>	+
−	<tr><td>Parliament:</td><td>Two-Chamber parliament, common: Federal Assembly<br>Confederacy Council: 300 seats, President: Tanja Weiss<br>Senator Council: 45 seats, President: Frederick Menna</td></tr>	+
−	<tr><td>Governmental Parties:</td><td>Latao People Party (right-winged)<br>Latao Democrats (middle-right)<br>Fortuna Latinum (conservative)</td></tr>	+
−	<tr><td>Opposition:</td><td>Numerous small parties, green and social-wings, nationalists</td></tr>	+
−	<tr><td>Unions:</td><td>Latao Business Alliance<br>Christian Workers Union</td></tr>	+
−	<tr><td>State Order:</td><td>Federal State containing 15 Districts with strong liberty and special autonomy-region Nyssa-Island</td></tr>	+
−	<tr><td>International Memberships:</td><td>Latao is a member of all important regional and international organizations</td></tr>	+
−	<tr><td>Largest Medias:</td><td>Televaion<br>Radio<br>Newspapers</td></tr>	+
−	<tr><td>Currency:</td><td>Latinum (LAT)</td></tr>	+
−	<tr><td>GDP per Capita:</td><td>;gt $44.000</td></tr>	+
−	<tr><td>Country Code:</td><td>CL, LT</td></tr>	+
−	<tr><td>Internet TLD:</td><td>.CL</td></tr>	+
−	<tr><td>Dial Code:</td><td>007</td></tr>	+
−	</table>	+
−	<br><br>	+
−	===UN-Classification===	+	The Confederacy of Latao is ruled by an Executive and a bi-cameral Legislative, while the judicial branch is separated from the politics.
−	The Confederacy of Latao is a huge, economically powerful nation, notable for its complete absence of social welfare. Its hard-nosed, hard-working, intelligent population enjoys a sensible mix of personal and economic freedoms, while the political process is open and the people's right to vote held sacrosanct.	+
−	There is no government in the normal sense the word; however, a small group of community-minded, pro-business individuals juggles the competing demands of Commerce, Law & Order, and Education. Income tax is unheard of. A powerhouse of a private sector is led by the Book Publishing industry, followed by Automobile Manufacturing and Gambling.	+	==§1 – National Council==
		+	All power defined by this constitution is given to the National Council. The National Council consists of 300 Representatives that represent the citizens of Latao. Every district may send one Representative to the National Council per 50,000 citizens.
−	==State Organization==	+	===§1.1 – First National Council President===
−	The Confederacy of Latao consists of 15 Districts, each formed by numerous Municipalities and the island Nyssa as special-autonomy zone.	+	The First National Council President represents the National Council. He has tie-breaking powers and schedules the sessions.
−	===Confederacy===	+	===§1.2 – Second National Council President===
−	The Confederacy of Latao is the administrative top level of the nation. It concentrates the base State leading authorities, which enjoy some exclusive special privileges over Districts and Municipalities.	+	The Second National Council President represents the National Council. He has tie-breaking powers and schedules the sessions.
		+	The Second National Council President becomes active when the First National Council President can not serve.
−	The Confederacy operates the centralized Executive, Legislative and Judicative authorities, which form the final instances of the governing bodies. It deals with all matters of national interest and releases authoritative laws for all Districts and Municipalities, based on the Confederacy-Constitution (federal Constitution).	+	===§1.3 – Third National Council President===
		+	The Third National Council President represents the National Council. He has tie-breaking powers and schedules the sessions.
		+	The Third National Council President becomes active when the First and the Second National Council Presidents can not serve.
−	Some of the most important competences of the Confederacy are federal law, military & financial management on the State level and the exclusive privilege of international relationships.	+	==§2 – Senator Council==
		+	The Senator Council consists of 45 Senators that represent the districts of Latao. Every district may send exactly three Senators to the Senator Council.
−	====Capital City====	+	===§2.1 – Senator Council President===
−	Capital of Latao is the city of Luciaria, located in the Luciara-District, which is quite in the middle of the country.	+	The Senator Council President represents the Senator Council. He has tie-breaking powers and schedules the sessions.
−	===District===	+	===§2.2 – Vice Senator Council President===
−	Districts form the actual parts of the land that makes up the Confederacy of Latao. As the nation’s pre-title tells, Latao is a federal State. This means, every District has wide independence within the country. That’s why a District is also often referred to as a ''State''.	+	The Vice Senator Council President represents the Senator Council. He has tie-breaking powers and schedules the sessions.
−	Therefore, every District has its own Executive, Legislative and Judicative authorities, which operate on District/State level.	+	The Vice Senator Council President becomes active when the Senator Council President can not serve.
−	The District (or State) has competence over most matters that affect it. Every District has its own Constitution and may inherit laws from it, as long these laws and the underlying District-Constitution do not violate the federal Constitution of the Confederacy or federal laws. Districts have also control over their law enforcement authorities (such as police) and their tax authorities, as well as financial management and numerous local administrative privileges.	+
		+	==§3 – National Executive Committee==
		+	The National Executive Committee consists of seven Councilors that operationally lead the Confederacy of Latao. Each Councilor is the head of a department that contains ministries or other state-run offices and authorities.
−	====Names and Facts====	+	The in-percentage strength of a party in the parliament defines how the seats in the National Executive Committee are distributed. In case of unclear mathematical situations, the strongest party in the parliament may receive a third seat in the National Executive Committee.
−	'''The 15 Districts of Latao:'''	+
−	<table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0">	+	The National Executive Committee operates as a collective in which every Councilor has equal rights.
−	<tr><td>''District Name''</td><td>''Capital''</td><td>''Code''</td></tr>	+
−	<tr><td>Terium</td><td>Tera</td><td>TM</td></tr>	+	It is up to the members of the National Executive Committee to distribute the departments between themselves.
−	<tr><td>Luciaria</td><td>Luciaria</td><td>LC</td></tr>	+
−	<tr><td>Itonia</td><td>Iton</td><td>IT</td></tr>	+	===§3.1 – Federal President===
−	<tr><td>Virgo</td><td>Virgo</td><td>VI</td></tr>	+	The Federal President is part of the National Executive Committee. He plans and schedules the sessions of the National Executive Committee. The Federal President also has the power to give tie-breaking decisions.
−	<tr><td>Curazia</td><td>Curia</td><td>CA</td></tr>	+
−	<tr><td>Siate</td><td>Siate</td><td>SI</td></tr>	+
−	<tr><td>Enea</td><td>Enium</td><td>EA</td></tr>	+
−	<tr><td>Novara</td><td>Novara</td><td>NO</td></tr>	+
−	<tr><td>Mediteranea</td><td>Media</td><td>ME</td></tr>	+
−	<tr><td>Enigma</td><td>Casineum</td><td>EN</td></tr>	+
−	<tr><td>Impotia</td><td>Imporia</td><td>IM</td></tr>	+
−	<tr><td>Domenica</td><td>Domenica</td><td>DO</td></tr>	+
−	<tr><td>Fiona</td><td>Fiona</td><td>FI</td></tr>	+
−	<tr><td>Name</td><td>Capital</td><td>Code</td></tr>	+
−	<tr><td>Vente</td><td>Venta</td><td>VT</td></tr>	+
−	<tr><td>Nyssa*</td><td>Nyssa</td><td>NY</td></tr>	+
−	</table>	+
−	====Nyssa====	+	==§4 – Supreme Court==
−	The small island in the sea, located eastern of Latao’s mainland named Nyssa is a special autonomy region.	+	The Supreme Court consists of eleven judges that operate independent from the Executive and the Legislative.
−	For more information, please see the ‘Foreign Policies’-section related to Nyssa-Island.	+
−	===Municipality===	+	===§4.1 – High Judge===
−	Most Municipalities have their own Executive and Legislative authorities – some of them even their own Judicative. In some Districts, several Municipalities centralize all of these authorities (which is based either on historical inheritance or simple financial optimization). This administrative local form of State Organization is called a ''Region''.	+	The High Judge represents the National Council. He has tie-breaking powers and schedules the sessions.
−	The Municipality or Region has competence over many local matters, such as tax authorities, financial management and numerous local administrative privileges.	+
		+	=Article II – Governing=
−	==State Institutions==	+	==§1 – Legislation Power==
−	The Federal Constitution demands the separation of powers within the entire nation. Therefore, the State of Latao is founded on three fundamental institutions:	+	All legislation activity starts from the National Council. If a proposal passed a poll in the National Council it is submitted to the Senator Council, which may modify it.
−	===Executive===	+	If a proposal is accepted by the Senator Council then the Senator Council submits it to the National Executive Committee which executes the new law.
−	The Executive authorities of all levels of the nation are elected directly by the people for a period of four years. It leads together with the Legislative by releasing laws and directives and giving orders to the Legislative.	+
−	After the seven members have been chosen directly by the citizens of Latao, both chambers of the parliament elect one of them to the Federal President. This election must take place within the first week after the election.	+
−	The Executive authorities on District and Municipality level consist of five members, including a president. There are a few differences in the organization of the federal Executive authority, which is named the ''National Executive Committee (NEC)'' as described below:	+	If a proposal is being modified by the Senator Council, it must be returned to the National Council giving information on the reason(s) of that denial.
		+	The National Council must discuss the rejected proposal and the list of reasons and then hold a poll if the proposal should be revised.
−	# The NEC consists of seven members, including a president.	+	A proposal maybe given to the Senator Council for confirmation up to three times; if these roundtrips do not lead to a common solution, a Unification Commission is built.
−	# The NEC-members take the office as a “full-time job” and are paid by the State of Latao.	+
−	# The way the NEC is assembled is based on the strength of each political party in the federal Legislative (''Confederacy Council'') – the stronger a party is, the more people it can send to the NEC.	+
−	# No District may send more than one member to the NEC at once.	+
−	====Federal President====	+	The responsible councilor of the National Executive Committee is involved in the discussion for all steps of the governing act.
−	Roger Omsec, Secretary of TaCom-Ministry (Traffics / Communication / Environment)	+
−	====Ministries====	+	===§1.1 – Election of the Unification Commission===
−	The following gives an introduction to the administrative organization of the Confederacy:	+	The Unification Commission consists of eleven members, elected by the parliament when needed, to solve one specific proposal.
−	* Domestic Ministry	+	Six of its members and the President must be Representatives and five of its members must be Senators.
−	Secretary: Thomas Banda	+
−	The Ministry of Domestic Affairs is responsible to internal policies of Latao and deals with matters of daily live for Latin people. The domestic Ministry works in close co-operation with the Ministry of Police & Military for security issues and border-protection.	+	The President has tie-breaking powers.
−	Departments:	+	===§1.2 – Process of the Unification Commission===
		+	The Unification Commission discusses the proposal and acknowledges all additional amendments and revisions.
−	* Migration & Citizenship [link to new page]	+	The President schedules a final poll of the Unification Commission about the proposal. If the revised proposal passed the poll, it is submitted to the National Executive Committee, other ways the proposal is definitely failed.
−	The Department for Migration and Citizenship is responsible how foreigners may enter to Latao and receive the Latin passport, which allows them to work and vote in Latao.	+
−	* Foreign Affairs	+
−	Secretary: Nadia Pumia	+	==§2 – Direct Democracy==
		+	The citizens may request constitutional revisions in accordance with Article V.
−	The Ministry of Foreign Affairs is the first partner to get in contact with foreign nations or international organizations. Political issues are usually submitted to the responsible Ministry inside Latao, or directly taken up by the Federal President.	+	The citizens may also request a poll on new law or the modification or removal of existing law by collecting 50,000 valid signatures. The proposal shall become legal law if the majority of the citizens votes for it.
−	Departments:	+	The parliament releases an electoral law that defines additional details regarding federal polls.
−	(external links)	+
−	* Co-operation & Development	+
−	This Department is responsible to all embassies of Latao in the world.	+
−	* Regional Integration	+	==§3 – Defense==
−	This Department is responsible to the relations between Latao and the [[Atlantian Oceania]] Regional Council	+	The National Executive Committee may mobilize the nation’s military at any time to secure and to ensure its interests. If a mission extends the duration of two months, the parliament must endorse it.
−	* Justice	+	==§4 – Sessions==
−	Secretary: Huber Darwin	+
−	<Description>	+
−	* Police / Military	+	===§4.1 – Executive===
−	Secretary: Stefan Pinos	+	The National Executive Committee is a permanent authority. The authority must ensure that it may serve the complete year without interruption.
−	The Ministry of Police & Military is responsible to internal and external security issues. As the military often is used inside Latao to support regular police forces and other civil helpers, the Ministry of Police was merged into here.	+
−	Departments:	+	The National Executive Committee may request sessions of the Legislative and Judicative at any time.
−	* AORDO	+	===§4.2 – Legislative===
−	This Department is responsible for all official functions between Latao and the [[Atlantian Oceania]] Regional Defence Organization, the strategic security alliance of Latao in the world.	+	The National Council and the Senator Council are militia authorities. Its members shall come together at least once in four months.
−	* Financials	+	===§4.3 – Judicative===
−	Secretary: Rudolf Ossa	+	The Supreme Court is a permanent authority. The authority must ensure that is may serve the complete year without interruption.
−	The Ministry of Finance is responsible to all financial matters of the Confederacy.	+
		+	=Article III – Electoral System=
−	* Economy & Commerce	+	==§1 – Terms==
−	Secretary: Patrick Olven	+	All directly elected positions (including the members of the judicative branch) are subject of a four year term. Begin of a term is the first day of the month January of the following year when the candidate was elected. The term ends in the last day of the month December of the last year of the term.
−	The Ministry of Economy & Commerce is responsible for the concerns & interests of the economy and may operate directly with foreign authorities.	+	All indirectly elected positions (excluding the members of the National Executive Committee and the judicative branch, but including the Federal President and the High Judge) are subject of a one year term. Begin of a term is the first day in the month of January when the candidate was elected. The term ends in the last day of the month December.
−	* Traffic / Communication / Environment	+	==§2 – Electoral Regulations==
−	Secretary: Roger Omsec	+	Citizens of the Confederacy of Latao may vote when they are 21 years of age or older. Every voter has as many votes as there are Representatives assigned with his/her district of living and three votes for the Senator Council.
−	The Ministry of Traffic / Communications and Environment is responsible for the traffic infrastructure, incl. airports and sea management as well was communication & medias and land planning concerns.	+	Citizens of the Confederacy of Latao may be voted when they are 25 years of age or older and living in the district of election for at least 10 years.
−	Departments:	+	==§3 – Electoral Votes==
		+	Every citizen has as many votes for the National Council as there are seats assigned with the district where the voter lives and exactly three votes for the Senator Council seats assigned with the district where the voter lives.
−	Motorway & Vehicles (Link: Plates)	+	==§4 – Electoral Areas==
		+	Every district is a complete electoral area. Valid citizens may candidate for a seat in the parliament only in the district they live. Only candidates of the district where the voter lives may be elected.
−	===Legislative===	+	The parliament releases an electoral law that defines additional details regarding federal elections.
−	The Legislative authorities of all levels of the nation are elected directly by the people for a period of four years. It leads together with the Executive by releasing laws and giving orders to the Executive.	+
−	There are a few differences in the organization of the authorities of the State levels as described below:	+
−	On the Confederacy Level:	+
−	# Latao’s parliament is a two-chamber legislative. The big chamber is named ''Confederacy Council (CC)'' and represents the people of Latao, while the small chamber, the ''Senator Council (SC)'' – which is sometimes simply referred to as ''Senate'' represents the Districts of the country.	+	==§5 – Voting Process==
−	# The number of citizen living in a District determines the number of people that District may send to the Confederacy Council (CC). The Confederacy Council itself is limited to 300 seats.	+
−	# The Senator Council (SC) is limited to 45 seats, which means, that each District may send exactly three people to the Senate to represent it.	+
−	On the District Level:	+	===§5.1 Legislative===
−	# The parliaments of the Districts are also two-chamber legislatives, organized the same way as the federal parliament. The terms used to refer to District-level parliaments are ''Small Chamber'' and ''Big Chamber''. The small Chambers represent the Municipalities and the Big Chambers represent the people who live in the District.	+	Political parties create two lists of candidates for the National Council and the Senator council.
−	# The number of citizen living in a Municipality determines the number of people that Municipality may send to the District Council (DC).	+
−	# The numbers of seats in the Chambers depend on the District’s Constitution and may vary.	+
−	====Names and Facts====	+	One list contains as many printed names of candidates of the party as there are Representative seats assigned with the district. The other list contains as many empty fields as there are Representative seats assigned with the district.
−	* Confederacy Council President: Tanja Weiss	+
−	* Senator Council President: Frederick Menna	+	The third list is a blank list that is not linked with any party. This list contains as many empty fields as there are Representative seats assigned with the district.
−	===Judicative===	+	The voter must only use and then submit one of these three lists.
−	The Judicative authorities of all levels of the nation ere elected directly by the people for a period of four years. It controls the governing bodies (Executive and Legislatives) by wrangling over legal matters and it may cancel laws that are in conflict with constitutional definitions.	+
−	The first instance for justice cases is the Judicative authority of the Municipality or Region. Adjustments can be taken up to the Confederacy Judicative (Confederacy Court), which then is final.	+	If the voter submits the list with the printed names, all of these candidates receive a vote.
−	====Names and Facts====	+	In case the voter wishes to vote for different candidates of the same party that may not be listed on the printed list, the voter may manually fill in the names of the candidates he wishes to vote for.
−	* Supreme Court President: Lexpert Tarmos	+
−	==Electoral System==	+	The voter may mix candidates of different parties by manually filling in the names of the candidates he/she wishes to vote for into the blank list.
−	The electoral system of Latao defines basic rules that apply to all institutions at all levels of the nation:	+
−	# Officials are elected directly by the people of Latao	+	If using an empty or blank list, the voter may fill in the same name(s) of candidate(s) as there are fields on the list.
−	# The election period is four years	+
−	The only indirect election is the Federal President; he is a member of the National Executive Committee (NEC) and voted by the parliament in the first week after the NEC has been chosen by the people.	+	The responsible electoral authorities of the district submit the sealed boxes with the envelopes of the voters to the parliament, where the boxes are opened under the eyes of the Representatives and Senators.
−	===Periods===	+	The seats assigned to a district are distributed to the candidates with the highest amount of votes.
−	Complete renewal elections for an institution are held on the second Sunday of October, every four years. Renewal elections are held in change every two years:	+
−	x: Local Elections (Municipality & District)	+
−	x + 2 years: National Elections (Executive, Legislative, Judicative)	+	===§4.2 Executive===
		+	The National Executive Committee is elected indirectly by both chambers of the parliament. The election must be held from the newly elected parliament in the last day of December of the year of its election on the latest.
−	The number of terms is currently not limited by the constitution, although this point is frequently discussed in the country; ideas vary from two up to four terms.	+	A candidate for a seat in the National Executive Committee is elected, if he/she receives two-thirds of the votes of the presenting parliament members.
−	Replacement elections are held only for members of the Executive and Judicative (this applies to all levels of the nation) – in case a member quits his/her service due to any reasons, the replacement elections must be held within 60 days from the date of quit.	+	The members of the National Executive Committee must distribute the departments between themselves and vote for a Federal President in the first ten days of their term.
−	For members of the Legislative, the free seat is automatically taken by the candidate of the same party, who took the second place on the last election.	+
−	Under any circumstances, the term of the replacement member ends with the next renewal elections (if the replacement member was not elected anymore in the next renewal).	+	===§4.3 Judicative===
		+	The Supreme Court is elected indirectly by both chambers of the parliament. The election must be held from the newly elected parliament in the last day of December of the year of its election on the latest.
−	===Voters===	+	A candidate for a seat in the Supreme Court is elected, if he/she receives two-thirds of the votes of the presenting parliament members.
−	Everyone is encouraged to vote who meets the following requirements:	+
−	# Citizen of the Confederacy of Latao	+	The members of the Supreme Court must vote for a High Judge in the first ten days of their term.
−	# Completed their 18th year of living	+
−	# Must be related to Latao	+
−	Citizens of Latao, who reside outside the country may participate the election on their own bill.	+	==§5 – Renewal Elections==
−	(Before Latao abolished income taxes, the fees were added to the next tax bill, now a payment of 5 Latinums must be made before the official documents are sent to the voter, which incl. a permission check, performed by the Municipality where the voter lived last.)	+	Complete renewal elections for all authorities are held every four years in the second Sunday of the month October.
−	The third paragraph means, that a voter must have a clear relation to the country. For example, children of migrated Latin citizens who never lived in Latao, or other “pure holders of a passport”, that sometimes don’t even know the language, cannot vote.	+
		+	==§6 - Replacement Elections==
−	===Electioneers===	+	===§6.1 – National Council===
−	Everyone is encouraged to run for political office who meets the following requirements:	+	If a seat becomes available before the next renewal elections, the candidate with the next best electoral result of the same district automatically takes that seat, regardless of the party.
−	# Citizen of Latao	+	If a president of the National Council can not complete his/her term then replacement elections must be held within ten days.
−	# Completed 18th year of living	+
−	# Residing in Latao	+
−	# Must not have any criminal records related to manipulation of elections or corruption	+
−	Electioneers must have resided in Latao for at least five years without a bigger interruption (of a maximum of one year). All electioneers must reside in Latao on the date of election and during the entire term, when they hold an office.	+	===§6.2 – Senator Council===
−	Candidates for Judicative authorities also need a valid license as judge or lawyer for the Confederacy of Latao, incl. the District they operate.	+	If a seat becomes available before the next renewal elections, the candidate with the next best electoral result of the same district automatically takes that seat, regardless of the party.
−	(This is because every District has its own constitution and laws beside federal law).	+
−	==Constitution==	+	If a president of the Senator Council can not complete his/her term then replacement elections must be held within then days.
−	''Information Incomplete''	+
−	===Dogmas===	+	===§6.3 – National Executive Committee===
−	''Information Incomplete''	+	If a seat becomes available before the next renewal elections, the party must nominate candidates for renewal elections which must be held within the next 30 days.
−	===Constitutional Referendum===	+	If the Federal President can not complete his/her term then replacement elections must be held within the first ten days after the National Executive Committee is complete again.
−	''Information Incomplete''	+
−	===Administrative Referendum===	+	===§6.4 – Supreme Court===
−	''Information Incomplete''	+	If a seat becomes available before the next renewal elections, renewal elections must be held within the next 30 days.
−	==Internal Policies==	+	If the High Judge can not complete his/her term then replacement elections must be held within ten days.
−	''Information Incomplete''	+
−	===Current Discussions===	+	==§7 – Political Parties==
−	''Information Incomplete''	+	The parliament releases law regarding details on political parties. Parties are valid if they respect this democratic constitution.
−	====Prime Minister====	+
−	''Information Incomplete''	+	=Article IV – Constitutional Changes=
−	====Representative Office====	+	==§1 – Legitimating==
−	''Information Incomplete''	+	Every revision of this constitution must pass a poll with double-majority, regardless what governing body (including the citizens) has requested the change.
−	====Limited Terms====	+	Double-majority means, that the absolute number of votes and the number of districts must be supporting a proposal. The vote of a district is the majority of the voters living in that district.
−	''Information Incomplete''	+
−	===Political Parties===	+	===§1.1 – Legislative Requests===
−	''Information Incomplete''	+	A poll to request a revision of this constitution maybe held if two-third of the presenting members of the parliament votes for the proposal.
−	===Outlawed Organizations===	+	===§1.2 – Citizen Requests===
−	''Information Incomplete''	+	A poll to request a revision of this constitution maybe held if 100,000 valid signatures are collected of citizens supporting a proposal.
−	==Foreign Policies==	+	==§2 – Stability==
−	''Information Incomplete''	+	No more than five articles or paragraphs maybe changed at once. No law maybe given that limits or voids this constitution.
		+
		+	=Article V – Rights of the Districts=
−	===Latao in the World===	+	==§1 – Sovereignty==
−	''Information Incomplete''	+	The districts are sovereign as long their sovereignty is not limited by this constitution.
−	====Embassies (General Info)====	+	Every district gives itself a democratic constitution that must be revision able by the citizens of that district. The parliament confirms the constitution if it is not in conflict with federal law.
−	''Information Incomplete''	+
−	====Embassies (List)====	+	==§2 – Security==
−	''Information Incomplete''	+	The districts have the right to build and to command their own police forces.
−	====Observer Stations====	+	==§3 – Finance & Treasury==
−	''Information Incomplete''	+	The districts have the right to administrate their finances and create their own tax laws.
−	===Latao in the Region===	+	==§4 – Justice==
−	''Information Incomplete''	+	Every district may create its own local courts. Judicial trials can be brought up to the federal court or Supreme Court responsible for the trial.
−	===Alliances===
−	''Information Incomplete''
−	====FLMS====	+
−	''Information Incomplete''	+	=Article VI – Rights of the Confederacy=
−	===Memberships===	+	==§1 – Justice==
−	''Information Incomplete''	+	The Confederacy has the right to create specialized courts under the supervision of the Supreme Court.
−	====Regional Council====	+	==§2 – Defense==
−	''Information Incomplete''	+	The Confederacy has the right to build and to command armies that operate in domestic and foreign areas.
−	====AORDO====	+	The National Executive Committee may activate the law of war for a maximum period of seven days. Longer periods have to be confirmed by the parliament and can not exceed the duration of one year.
−	''Information Incomplete''	+
−	===Nyssa===	+	==§3 – Security==
−	''Information Incomplete''	+	The Confederacy has the right to build and to command federal police forces that operate in domestic and foreign areas.
−	===Outlands===	+	==§4 – Finance & Treasury==
−	''Information Incomplete''	+	The Confederacy is responsible to the federal finance administration which includes the right of charging direct federal taxes and national customs.
−	===Current Discussions===	+	No domestic taxes between the districts are allowed.
−	''Information Incomplete''	+
−	====Sarzonia Conflict====	+	===§4.1 – Financial Revision===
−	''Information Incomplete''	+	The parliament is responsible to the financial administration of the national treasury.
−	====FLMS-Membership====	+	==§5 – Immigration & Citizenship==
−	''Information Incomplete''	+	The Confederacy has the right to grant and to remove citizenship. Holders of the Latin passport may not own foreign citizenships concurrently.
−	===Bilateral Contracts===	+	==§6 – Traffic & Communication==
−	''Information Incomplete''	+	The Confederacy has the right to release laws regarding roads and communication ways. Censorship of Medias is prohibited.
−	====Nova Roma====	+	===§6.1 – Censorship of Medias in Times of War===
−	''Information Incomplete''	+	The National Executive Committee may utilize censorship of Medias when the international situation should require prevention of provocations.
−	====Starblaydia====	+	The parliament must confirm this state after a period of six months and may extend the censorship for another six months.
−	''Information Incomplete''	+
−	==Military==	+	==§7 – Foreign Relations==
−	''Information Incomplete''	+	The Confederacy has the exclusive right of foreign relations.
−	===Army===	+
−	''Information Incomplete''	+	=Article VII – Rights of the Citizens=
−	===Air Force===	+	==§1 – Justice==
−	''Information Incomplete''	+
−	===Navy===	+	===§1.1===
−	''Information Incomplete''	+	No one maybe imprisoned if there is no law which defines the situation of question.
−	===Special Forces===	+	===§1.2===
−	''Information Incomplete''	+	Arrested people have the right bring their case to a court within 48 hours.
−	===Intelligence Services===	+	===§1.3===
−	''Information Incomplete''	+	The death penalty may not be sentenced for political reasons. The Supreme Court is the only authority to deal with death penalties.
−	==Geography==	+	===§1.4===
−	''Information Incomplete''	+	No one may be sentenced for the same judicial case multiple times. A trial and its sentence are accepted by all district’s and federal authorities.
−	===Map===	+	==§2 – Freedom==
−	''Information Incomplete''	+
−	==History==	+	===§2.1===
−	''Information Incomplete''	+	Citizens of the Confederacy of Latao may leave and enter the state’s territory at any time.
−	===Early Antiquity===	+	===§2.2===
−	''Information Incomplete''	+	Freedom of speech is guaranteed. Any kind of censorship is prohibited.
−	===Ancient Integration===	+	==§3 – Protection==
−	''Information Incomplete''	+	Citizens of the Confederacy of Latao may not be expelled to foreign states or authorities unless they wish so.
−	===Forsake===	+	==§4 – Religion==
−	''Information Incomplete''	+	Neither the Confederacy of Latao nor the districts have a state religion. Law which aims to establish a state religion can not be given.
−	===Medieval Times===	+	==§5 - Suffrage==
−	''Information Incomplete''	+	General suffrage is 18 years of age. The parliament may release laws that define additional details and different suffrage ages for specific subjects.
−	===Modernity===	+
−	''Information Incomplete''	+	==Article VIII – Miscellaneous Conditions==
−	===Modern History===	+	==§1 – Governmental Regulations==
−	''Information Incomplete''	+
−	===Latest Developments===	+	===§1.1 - Concurrency===
−	''Information Incomplete''	+	Nobody may hold more than one position defined by this or the district’s constitution at once; including positions of foreign states or authorities.
−	==People & Culture==	+	===§1.2 – Financing===
−	''Information Incomplete''	+	The parliament releases law regarding the payment of politicians and their income. The salary of politicians may not be modified during their term.
−	===Way of Life===	+	===§1.3 – Titles of Nobility===
−	''Information Incomplete''	+	Authorities of the Confederacy of Latao or the districts may not grant titles of nobility. If such titles are granted by foreign states or their authorities they are not acknowledged in Latao.
−	===Impressions from Latao===
−	''Information Incomplete''
−	[[Category:Atlantian Oceania]]	+	[[Category:Latao]]

---

Latest revision as of 14:22, 18 September 2007

Confoederatio Latinum

</td></tr>
"We make the World go around"
Region	Global Right Alliance
Population	over 2 billion
Official Language	German, English
Capital	Luciaria
Leader	National Executive Committee
State Type	Democracy
Government	Right-winged
Currency	Latinum
National Anthem	"Latao above Everything!"
National Animal	Scooby-Doo
Internet TLD	.cl
Dial Code	007
Country Code	CL
Map	[(none)]
Stats: NSEconomy XML

"Constitution of the Confederacy of Latao"

Preamble

We the people of Latao shall create this federation to secure our freedom and to protect the individual. We shall create a peaceful society and work for prosperity and social security, while respecting law and order and the rights of other people.

This Federal Constitution declares the bill of rights for the Confederacy.

Article I – State Organization

The Confederacy of Latao is a democratic federal state. Its districts are sovereign as long their sovereignty is not limited by this federal constitution.

The Confederacy of Latao is ruled by an Executive and a bi-cameral Legislative, while the judicial branch is separated from the politics.

§1 – National Council

All power defined by this constitution is given to the National Council. The National Council consists of 300 Representatives that represent the citizens of Latao. Every district may send one Representative to the National Council per 50,000 citizens.

§1.1 – First National Council President

The First National Council President represents the National Council. He has tie-breaking powers and schedules the sessions.

§1.2 – Second National Council President

The Second National Council President represents the National Council. He has tie-breaking powers and schedules the sessions. The Second National Council President becomes active when the First National Council President can not serve.

§1.3 – Third National Council President

The Third National Council President represents the National Council. He has tie-breaking powers and schedules the sessions. The Third National Council President becomes active when the First and the Second National Council Presidents can not serve.

§2 – Senator Council

The Senator Council consists of 45 Senators that represent the districts of Latao. Every district may send exactly three Senators to the Senator Council.

§2.1 – Senator Council President

The Senator Council President represents the Senator Council. He has tie-breaking powers and schedules the sessions.

§2.2 – Vice Senator Council President

The Vice Senator Council President represents the Senator Council. He has tie-breaking powers and schedules the sessions. The Vice Senator Council President becomes active when the Senator Council President can not serve.

§3 – National Executive Committee

The National Executive Committee consists of seven Councilors that operationally lead the Confederacy of Latao. Each Councilor is the head of a department that contains ministries or other state-run offices and authorities.

The in-percentage strength of a party in the parliament defines how the seats in the National Executive Committee are distributed. In case of unclear mathematical situations, the strongest party in the parliament may receive a third seat in the National Executive Committee.

The National Executive Committee operates as a collective in which every Councilor has equal rights.

It is up to the members of the National Executive Committee to distribute the departments between themselves.

§3.1 – Federal President

The Federal President is part of the National Executive Committee. He plans and schedules the sessions of the National Executive Committee. The Federal President also has the power to give tie-breaking decisions.

§4 – Supreme Court

The Supreme Court consists of eleven judges that operate independent from the Executive and the Legislative.

§4.1 – High Judge

The High Judge represents the National Council. He has tie-breaking powers and schedules the sessions.

Article II – Governing

§1 – Legislation Power

All legislation activity starts from the National Council. If a proposal passed a poll in the National Council it is submitted to the Senator Council, which may modify it.

If a proposal is accepted by the Senator Council then the Senator Council submits it to the National Executive Committee which executes the new law.

If a proposal is being modified by the Senator Council, it must be returned to the National Council giving information on the reason(s) of that denial. The National Council must discuss the rejected proposal and the list of reasons and then hold a poll if the proposal should be revised.

A proposal maybe given to the Senator Council for confirmation up to three times; if these roundtrips do not lead to a common solution, a Unification Commission is built.

The responsible councilor of the National Executive Committee is involved in the discussion for all steps of the governing act.

§1.1 – Election of the Unification Commission

The Unification Commission consists of eleven members, elected by the parliament when needed, to solve one specific proposal.

Six of its members and the President must be Representatives and five of its members must be Senators.

The President has tie-breaking powers.

§1.2 – Process of the Unification Commission

The Unification Commission discusses the proposal and acknowledges all additional amendments and revisions.

The President schedules a final poll of the Unification Commission about the proposal. If the revised proposal passed the poll, it is submitted to the National Executive Committee, other ways the proposal is definitely failed.

§2 – Direct Democracy

The citizens may request constitutional revisions in accordance with Article V.

The citizens may also request a poll on new law or the modification or removal of existing law by collecting 50,000 valid signatures. The proposal shall become legal law if the majority of the citizens votes for it.

The parliament releases an electoral law that defines additional details regarding federal polls.

§3 – Defense

The National Executive Committee may mobilize the nation’s military at any time to secure and to ensure its interests. If a mission extends the duration of two months, the parliament must endorse it.

§4 – Sessions

§4.1 – Executive

The National Executive Committee is a permanent authority. The authority must ensure that it may serve the complete year without interruption.

The National Executive Committee may request sessions of the Legislative and Judicative at any time.

§4.2 – Legislative

The National Council and the Senator Council are militia authorities. Its members shall come together at least once in four months.

§4.3 – Judicative

The Supreme Court is a permanent authority. The authority must ensure that is may serve the complete year without interruption.

Article III – Electoral System

§1 – Terms

All directly elected positions (including the members of the judicative branch) are subject of a four year term. Begin of a term is the first day of the month January of the following year when the candidate was elected. The term ends in the last day of the month December of the last year of the term.

All indirectly elected positions (excluding the members of the National Executive Committee and the judicative branch, but including the Federal President and the High Judge) are subject of a one year term. Begin of a term is the first day in the month of January when the candidate was elected. The term ends in the last day of the month December.

§2 – Electoral Regulations

Citizens of the Confederacy of Latao may vote when they are 21 years of age or older. Every voter has as many votes as there are Representatives assigned with his/her district of living and three votes for the Senator Council.

Citizens of the Confederacy of Latao may be voted when they are 25 years of age or older and living in the district of election for at least 10 years.

§3 – Electoral Votes

Every citizen has as many votes for the National Council as there are seats assigned with the district where the voter lives and exactly three votes for the Senator Council seats assigned with the district where the voter lives.

§4 – Electoral Areas

Every district is a complete electoral area. Valid citizens may candidate for a seat in the parliament only in the district they live. Only candidates of the district where the voter lives may be elected.

The parliament releases an electoral law that defines additional details regarding federal elections.

§5 – Voting Process

§5.1 Legislative

Political parties create two lists of candidates for the National Council and the Senator council.

One list contains as many printed names of candidates of the party as there are Representative seats assigned with the district. The other list contains as many empty fields as there are Representative seats assigned with the district.

The third list is a blank list that is not linked with any party. This list contains as many empty fields as there are Representative seats assigned with the district.

The voter must only use and then submit one of these three lists.

If the voter submits the list with the printed names, all of these candidates receive a vote.

In case the voter wishes to vote for different candidates of the same party that may not be listed on the printed list, the voter may manually fill in the names of the candidates he wishes to vote for.

The voter may mix candidates of different parties by manually filling in the names of the candidates he/she wishes to vote for into the blank list.

If using an empty or blank list, the voter may fill in the same name(s) of candidate(s) as there are fields on the list.

The responsible electoral authorities of the district submit the sealed boxes with the envelopes of the voters to the parliament, where the boxes are opened under the eyes of the Representatives and Senators.

The seats assigned to a district are distributed to the candidates with the highest amount of votes.

§4.2 Executive

The National Executive Committee is elected indirectly by both chambers of the parliament. The election must be held from the newly elected parliament in the last day of December of the year of its election on the latest.

A candidate for a seat in the National Executive Committee is elected, if he/she receives two-thirds of the votes of the presenting parliament members.

The members of the National Executive Committee must distribute the departments between themselves and vote for a Federal President in the first ten days of their term.

§4.3 Judicative

The Supreme Court is elected indirectly by both chambers of the parliament. The election must be held from the newly elected parliament in the last day of December of the year of its election on the latest.

A candidate for a seat in the Supreme Court is elected, if he/she receives two-thirds of the votes of the presenting parliament members.

The members of the Supreme Court must vote for a High Judge in the first ten days of their term.

§5 – Renewal Elections

Complete renewal elections for all authorities are held every four years in the second Sunday of the month October.

§6 - Replacement Elections

§6.1 – National Council

If a seat becomes available before the next renewal elections, the candidate with the next best electoral result of the same district automatically takes that seat, regardless of the party.

If a president of the National Council can not complete his/her term then replacement elections must be held within ten days.

§6.2 – Senator Council

If a seat becomes available before the next renewal elections, the candidate with the next best electoral result of the same district automatically takes that seat, regardless of the party.

If a president of the Senator Council can not complete his/her term then replacement elections must be held within then days.

§6.3 – National Executive Committee

If a seat becomes available before the next renewal elections, the party must nominate candidates for renewal elections which must be held within the next 30 days.

If the Federal President can not complete his/her term then replacement elections must be held within the first ten days after the National Executive Committee is complete again.

§6.4 – Supreme Court

If a seat becomes available before the next renewal elections, renewal elections must be held within the next 30 days.

If the High Judge can not complete his/her term then replacement elections must be held within ten days.

§7 – Political Parties

The parliament releases law regarding details on political parties. Parties are valid if they respect this democratic constitution.

Article IV – Constitutional Changes

§1 – Legitimating

Every revision of this constitution must pass a poll with double-majority, regardless what governing body (including the citizens) has requested the change.

Double-majority means, that the absolute number of votes and the number of districts must be supporting a proposal. The vote of a district is the majority of the voters living in that district.

§1.1 – Legislative Requests

A poll to request a revision of this constitution maybe held if two-third of the presenting members of the parliament votes for the proposal.

§1.2 – Citizen Requests

A poll to request a revision of this constitution maybe held if 100,000 valid signatures are collected of citizens supporting a proposal.

§2 – Stability

No more than five articles or paragraphs maybe changed at once. No law maybe given that limits or voids this constitution.

Article V – Rights of the Districts

§1 – Sovereignty

The districts are sovereign as long their sovereignty is not limited by this constitution.

Every district gives itself a democratic constitution that must be revision able by the citizens of that district. The parliament confirms the constitution if it is not in conflict with federal law.

§2 – Security

The districts have the right to build and to command their own police forces.

§3 – Finance & Treasury

The districts have the right to administrate their finances and create their own tax laws.

§4 – Justice

Every district may create its own local courts. Judicial trials can be brought up to the federal court or Supreme Court responsible for the trial.

Article VI – Rights of the Confederacy

§1 – Justice

The Confederacy has the right to create specialized courts under the supervision of the Supreme Court.

§2 – Defense

The Confederacy has the right to build and to command armies that operate in domestic and foreign areas.

The National Executive Committee may activate the law of war for a maximum period of seven days. Longer periods have to be confirmed by the parliament and can not exceed the duration of one year.

§3 – Security

The Confederacy has the right to build and to command federal police forces that operate in domestic and foreign areas.

§4 – Finance & Treasury

The Confederacy is responsible to the federal finance administration which includes the right of charging direct federal taxes and national customs.

No domestic taxes between the districts are allowed.

§4.1 – Financial Revision

The parliament is responsible to the financial administration of the national treasury.

§5 – Immigration & Citizenship

The Confederacy has the right to grant and to remove citizenship. Holders of the Latin passport may not own foreign citizenships concurrently.

§6 – Traffic & Communication

The Confederacy has the right to release laws regarding roads and communication ways. Censorship of Medias is prohibited.

§6.1 – Censorship of Medias in Times of War

The National Executive Committee may utilize censorship of Medias when the international situation should require prevention of provocations.

The parliament must confirm this state after a period of six months and may extend the censorship for another six months.

§7 – Foreign Relations

The Confederacy has the exclusive right of foreign relations.

Article VII – Rights of the Citizens

§1 – Justice

§1.1

No one maybe imprisoned if there is no law which defines the situation of question.

§1.2

Arrested people have the right bring their case to a court within 48 hours.

§1.3

The death penalty may not be sentenced for political reasons. The Supreme Court is the only authority to deal with death penalties.

§1.4

No one may be sentenced for the same judicial case multiple times. A trial and its sentence are accepted by all district’s and federal authorities.

§2 – Freedom

§2.1

Citizens of the Confederacy of Latao may leave and enter the state’s territory at any time.

§2.2

Freedom of speech is guaranteed. Any kind of censorship is prohibited.

§3 – Protection

Citizens of the Confederacy of Latao may not be expelled to foreign states or authorities unless they wish so.

§4 – Religion

Neither the Confederacy of Latao nor the districts have a state religion. Law which aims to establish a state religion can not be given.

§5 - Suffrage

General suffrage is 18 years of age. The parliament may release laws that define additional details and different suffrage ages for specific subjects.

Article VIII – Miscellaneous Conditions

§1 – Governmental Regulations

§1.1 - Concurrency

Nobody may hold more than one position defined by this or the district’s constitution at once; including positions of foreign states or authorities.

§1.2 – Financing

The parliament releases law regarding the payment of politicians and their income. The salary of politicians may not be modified during their term.

§1.3 – Titles of Nobility

Authorities of the Confederacy of Latao or the districts may not grant titles of nobility. If such titles are granted by foreign states or their authorities they are not acknowledged in Latao.