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−	Dieser Artikel ist auch in [[LataoD| deutscher Sprache]] verfügbar.
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−	<caption><font size="+1">'''''Confoederatio Latinum'''''</font></caption>	+	<caption><font size=" 1">'''''Confoederatio Latinum'''''</font></caption>
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−	size="-2">''"Protection Power of Latao-Nyssa"''</font></td></tr>	+	size="-2">''"Constitution of the Confederacy of Latao"''</font></td></tr>
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−	=Introduction=	+	=Preamble=
−	Welcome to the official NS-Wiki page of the Confederacy of Latao. In here the player provides all information available on his nation. He is encouraged to keep this information up to date, so be welcome to frequently have a look at his pages, which also contain some international RP ties.	+	We the people of Latao shall create this federation to secure our freedom and to protect the individual. We shall create a peaceful society and work for prosperity and social security, while respecting law and order and the rights of other people.
−	==Overview==	+	This Federal Constitution declares the bill of rights for the Confederacy.
−	Latao is a relatively large country in the sunny south of the Global Right Alliance (GRA) with Mediterranean flair. Its strong economy and the abolition of income tax made Latao to the Monaco of the GRA. While the country is an economic powerhouse of the entire region, it still has a stunning environment to offer that is appreciated by many tourists from all over the world.	+
−	==Facts==	+
−	The National Summary provides a detailed [[Factsheet on Latao|Fact sheet on Latao]].	+	=Article I – State Organization=
		+	The Confederacy of Latao is a democratic federal state. Its districts are sovereign as long their sovereignty is not limited by this federal constitution.
−	==UN-Classification==	+	The Confederacy of Latao is ruled by an Executive and a bi-cameral Legislative, while the judicial branch is separated from the politics.
−	Since the UN-Status and their reports have changed many times over the years, we only publish a summary on the most important information from the UN:	+
−	* Government Type: “Capitalist Paradise” or “Capitalizt”	+	==§1 – National Council==
		+	All power defined by this constitution is given to the National Council. The National Council consists of 300 Representatives that represent the citizens of Latao. Every district may send one Representative to the National Council per 50,000 citizens.
−	The Confederacy of Latao is a huge, economically powerful nation, notable for its complete absence of social welfare. Its hard-nosed, hard-working, intelligent population enjoys a sensible mix of personal and economic freedoms, while the political process is open and the people's right to vote held sacrosanct.	+	===§1.1 – First National Council President===
		+	The First National Council President represents the National Council. He has tie-breaking powers and schedules the sessions.
−	There is no government in the normal sense the word; however, a small group of community-minded, pro-business individuals juggles the competing demands of Commerce, Law & Order, and Education. Income tax is unheard of. A powerhouse of a private sector is led by the Book Publishing industry, followed by Automobile Manufacturing and Gambling.	+	===§1.2 – Second National Council President===
		+	The Second National Council President represents the National Council. He has tie-breaking powers and schedules the sessions.
		+	The Second National Council President becomes active when the First National Council President can not serve.
−	The police have reaffirmed their tough stance on drugs, the people elect the Supreme Court justices directly, billions of latinums are being blown on orbital weapons development, and CEOs and corporate executives are frequently found striking for better stock options. Crime -- especially youth-related -- is a serious problem. Latao's national animal is the scooby-doo, which is also the nation's favorite main course, and its currency is the latinum.	+	===§1.3 – Third National Council President===
		+	The Third National Council President represents the National Council. He has tie-breaking powers and schedules the sessions.
		+	The Third National Council President becomes active when the First and the Second National Council Presidents can not serve.
−	=State Organization=	+	==§2 – Senator Council==
−	The Confederacy of Latao consists of 15 Districts, each formed by numerous Municipalities and the Protectorate of Latao-Nyssa as colonial territory with limited sovereignty.	+	The Senator Council consists of 45 Senators that represent the districts of Latao. Every district may send exactly three Senators to the Senator Council.
−	==Confederacy==	+	===§2.1 – Senator Council President===
−	The Confederacy is the administrative top level of the nation. It concentrates the base state leading authorities, which enjoy some exclusive privileges over Districts and Municipalities.	+	The Senator Council President represents the Senator Council. He has tie-breaking powers and schedules the sessions.
−	The Confederacy operates the centralized Executive, Legislative and Judicative authorities that form the supreme instances of the governing bodies. It deals with all matters of national interests and releases authoritative laws for all Districts and Municipalities based on the Federal Constitution.	+	===§2.2 – Vice Senator Council President===
		+	The Vice Senator Council President represents the Senator Council. He has tie-breaking powers and schedules the sessions.
		+	The Vice Senator Council President becomes active when the Senator Council President can not serve.
−	Some of the most important competences of the Confederacy are as follows:	+
		+	==§3 – National Executive Committee==
		+	The National Executive Committee consists of seven Councilors that operationally lead the Confederacy of Latao. Each Councilor is the head of a department that contains ministries or other state-run offices and authorities.
−	* Federal Law	+	The in-percentage strength of a party in the parliament defines how the seats in the National Executive Committee are distributed. In case of unclear mathematical situations, the strongest party in the parliament may receive a third seat in the National Executive Committee.
−	* Military & Defense	+
−	* National Finances & Treasury	+
−	* Construction and maintenance of national transportation and communication infrastructure	+
−	* International relations	+
−	===Capital City===	+	The National Executive Committee operates as a collective in which every Councilor has equal rights.
−	Capital of Latao is the city of Luciaria, located in the Luciaria-District which is quite in the middle of the country.	+
−	==District==	+	It is up to the members of the National Executive Committee to distribute the departments between themselves.
−	Districts form the actual parts of the land that makes up the territory of the Confederacy of Latao. All Districts are sovereign as long their sovereignty is not limited by the Federal Constitution. That’s why a District is also often titled as a “State”. Therefore, every District has its own democratic constitution, its own Executive, Legislative and Judicative authorities and its own laws, based on that constitution.	+
−	Each District’s constitution must be approved by the Confederacy. The Confederacy approves a District’s constitution if it is democratic and editable and not in conflict with Federal Law.	+	===§3.1 – Federal President===
		+	The Federal President is part of the National Executive Committee. He plans and schedules the sessions of the National Executive Committee. The Federal President also has the power to give tie-breaking decisions.
−	Districts also have control over their local law enforcement authorities (such as police) and their tax authorities as well as treasury management and numerous local administrative privileges.	+	==§4 – Supreme Court==
		+	The Supreme Court consists of eleven judges that operate independent from the Executive and the Legislative.
−	==Municipality==	+	===§4.1 – High Judge===
−	Most Municipalities have their own Executive and Legislative authorities – some of them even their own Judicative branch to locally rule over their territory and the people living there. In some Districts, multiple Municipalities centralize all or some of these authorities (which is based either on historical inheritance or simple financial optimization). This administrative local form of state organization is called a ‘’Region’’.	+	The High Judge represents the National Council. He has tie-breaking powers and schedules the sessions.
−	NOTE: A Municipality may not only be a political community, but also a region or of course a city.	+
		+	=Article II – Governing=
−	The Municipality has competence over many local matters needed for daily business purposes. It also has permission to control its own local tax authorities as well as local treasury management and enjoys numerous administrative privileges.	+	==§1 – Legislation Power==
		+	All legislation activity starts from the National Council. If a proposal passed a poll in the National Council it is submitted to the Senator Council, which may modify it.
−	=State Institutions=	+	If a proposal is accepted by the Senator Council then the Senator Council submits it to the National Executive Committee which executes the new law.
−	The Federal Constitution demands the separation of powers within the entire nation. Therefore, the state of Latao is founded on three fundamental institutions:	+
−	==Executive==	+	If a proposal is being modified by the Senator Council, it must be returned to the National Council giving information on the reason(s) of that denial.
−	The Executive authorities of all levels of the nations are directly elected by the people to a term of four years. The Executive leads in co-operation with the Legislative by releasing laws and directives and giving orders to the parliament.	+	The National Council must discuss the rejected proposal and the list of reasons and then hold a poll if the proposal should be revised.
−	There are a few differences in the organization of the authorities of the state levels as shown below:	+	A proposal maybe given to the Senator Council for confirmation up to three times; if these roundtrips do not lead to a common solution, a Unification Commission is built.
−	===Confederacy===	+	The responsible councilor of the National Executive Committee is involved in the discussion for all steps of the governing act.
−	# The national Executive authority is called the ‘’National Executive Committee (NEC)’’	+
−	# The NEC consists of seven members, including a president	+
−	# The NEC-members are the only “professional” politicians as they take their office as a “full-time job”	+
−	# The way the NEC is assembled is based on the strength of each political party in national parliament (National Council) – the stronger a party is, the more representatives it can send to the NEC.	+
−	===District===	+	===§1.1 – Election of the Unification Commission===
−	# The Executive authority is usually called ‘’District Council’’	+	The Unification Commission consists of eleven members, elected by the parliament when needed, to solve one specific proposal.
−	# A District Council consists of five or seven members, defined by the District’s constitution	+
−	# District Council offices are “part-time jobs” as the council only comes together for sessions scheduled in the District’s constitution and local law.	+
−	# The way a District Council is assembled is subject to that District’s constitution.	+
−	===Municipality===	+	Six of its members and the President must be Representatives and five of its members must be Senators.
−	# The Executive authority is called ‘’Community Council’’ or ‘’City Council’’	+
−	# A Community Council consists of five or seven members, defined by local law	+
−	# Community Council offices are “part-time jobs” as the council only comes together for sessions scheduled by in the District’s constitution and local law.	+
−	# The way a Community Council is assembled is subject to local law; the councils are usually assembled via direct votes for electioneers.	+
−	===Federal President===	+	The President has tie-breaking powers.
−	The President of the NEC is called ‘’Federal President’’ and must be a previously elected member of that council.	+
−	The Federal President is elected in an indirect poll by the Federal Assembly. This election must take place within the first seven days after the election of the NEC-members.	+	===§1.2 – Process of the Unification Commission===
		+	The Unification Commission discusses the proposal and acknowledges all additional amendments and revisions.
−	* Federal President is Roger Omsec, Secretary of the TACOM-Ministry.	+	The President schedules a final poll of the Unification Commission about the proposal. If the revised proposal passed the poll, it is submitted to the National Executive Committee, other ways the proposal is definitely failed.
−	==Legislative==	+
−	The Legislative authorities of all levels of the nations are directly elected by the people to a term of four years. The Parliament leads in co-operation with the Executive by releasing laws and directives and giving orders to the Executive.	+	==§2 – Direct Democracy==
		+	The citizens may request constitutional revisions in accordance with Article V.
−	===National Council===	+	The citizens may also request a poll on new law or the modification or removal of existing law by collecting 50,000 valid signatures. The proposal shall become legal law if the majority of the citizens votes for it.
−	Driver and initiator of new and changed laws as well as changes in the Federal Constitution and daily business decisions is this chamber. Any drafts must pass the Senator Council before they become valid law.	+
−	===Senator Council===	+	The parliament releases an electoral law that defines additional details regarding federal polls.
−	It is this chamber’s responsibility to modify proposals of laws and constitutional changes it receives from the National Council.  It returns its modifications of the drafts to the National Council for final approve, so that the proposal may become legal law.	+
−	===Congress===	+	==§3 – Defense==
−	The Congress means united sessions of the parliament that members of the National Council and the Senator council hold together.	+	The National Executive Committee may mobilize the nation’s military at any time to secure and to ensure its interests. If a mission extends the duration of two months, the parliament must endorse it.
−	===Federal Assembly===	+	==§4 – Sessions==
−	The Federal Assembly means united sessions of all councils; the National Council, the Senator Council of the parliament as well as the Executive and Judicative Council.	+
−	NOTE: In case the both chambers of the parliament (National Council and Senator Council) can not find a common opinion regarding an issue, the Congress builds a commission that is assembled as follows:	+	===§4.1 – Executive===
−	* Five members of the National Council	+	The National Executive Committee is a permanent authority. The authority must ensure that it may serve the complete year without interruption.
−	* Five member of the Senator Council	+
−	* One member of the Executive Council	+
−	If there is still an unclear situation, the member of the Executive authority may take a decision.	+	The National Executive Committee may request sessions of the Legislative and Judicative at any time.
−	===Council Presidents===	+	===§4.2 – Legislative===
−	The Presidents and Vice Presidents of the National Council and the Senator Council are elected in an indirect poll by the Federal Assembly. This election must take place within the first seven days after the election of the other council members.	+	The National Council and the Senator Council are militia authorities. Its members shall come together at least once in four months.
−	There are a few differences in the organization of the authorities of the state levels as shown below:	+	===§4.3 – Judicative===
		+	The Supreme Court is a permanent authority. The authority must ensure that is may serve the complete year without interruption.
		+
		+	=Article III – Electoral System=
−	===Confederacy===	+	==§1 – Terms==
−	# Latao’s parliament is a two-chamber Legislative.	+	All directly elected positions (including the members of the judicative branch) are subject of a four year term. Begin of a term is the first day of the month January of the following year when the candidate was elected. The term ends in the last day of the month December of the last year of the term.
−	# The National Council represents the people of Latao	+
−	# The Senator Council represents the Districts of Latao and is sometimes also called ‘’Senate’’	+
−	# The number of citizens living in a District defines the number of representatives that District may send to the National Council.	+
−	# Every District may send exactly three Senators to the Senator Council.	+
−	# The National Council consists of 300 seats.	+
−	# The Senator Council consists of 45 seats.	+
−	===District===	+	All indirectly elected positions (excluding the members of the National Executive Committee and the judicative branch, but including the Federal President and the High Judge) are subject of a one year term. Begin of a term is the first day in the month of January when the candidate was elected. The term ends in the last day of the month December.
−	# All District’s parliaments are two-chamber Legislative.	+
−	# The Grand Council represents the people of the District	+
−	# The District Council represents the Municipalities of the District	+
−	# The number of citizens living in a Municipality defines the number of representatives that Municipality may send to the Grand Council.	+
−	# The Number a Municipality may send to the District Council subject to the District’s constitution.	+
−	# The number of seats in the Grand Council is subject to the District’s constitution	+
−	# The number of seats in the District Council is subject to the District’s constitution.	+
−	===Municipality===	+	==§2 – Electoral Regulations==
−	# Not all Municipalities must have a local parliament; this is subject to a District’s constitution. Such authorities usually found in larger Municipalities.	+	Citizens of the Confederacy of Latao may vote when they are 21 years of age or older. Every voter has as many votes as there are Representatives assigned with his/her district of living and three votes for the Senator Council.
−	# A local parliament usually is called ‘‘Grand City Council’’	+
−	# The number of seats in the Grand City Council is subject to the District’s constitution.	+
−		+
−	=Judicative=	+
−	The Judicative authorities of all levels of the nations are directly elected by the people to a term of four years. It controls the governing bodies (Executive and Legislative) by wrangling over legal matters and it may cancel laws that are in conflict with constitutional definitions or existing federal law.	+
−	The first instance for judicial cases is the Judicative authority of the Municipality. Adjustments can be taken up to the Confederacy Judicative (Supreme Court), which then is final.	+	Citizens of the Confederacy of Latao may be voted when they are 25 years of age or older and living in the district of election for at least 10 years.
−	There are a few differences in the organization of the authorities of the state levels as shown below:	+	==§3 – Electoral Votes==
		+	Every citizen has as many votes for the National Council as there are seats assigned with the district where the voter lives and exactly three votes for the Senator Council seats assigned with the district where the voter lives.
−	==Confederacy==	+	==§4 – Electoral Areas==
−	# The national Judicative authority is called the ‘’Supreme Court’’	+	Every district is a complete electoral area. Valid citizens may candidate for a seat in the parliament only in the district they live. Only candidates of the district where the voter lives may be elected.
−	# The Supreme Court consists of 100 seats (Federal Judges)	+
−	# The number of citizens living in a District defines the number of Federal Judges that District may send to the Supreme Court.	+
−	==District==	+	The parliament releases an electoral law that defines additional details regarding federal elections.
−	# The Judicative authority is usually called ‘’District Court’’	+
−	# The number of seats (judges) in the District Court is subject to that District’s constitution.	+
−	==Municipality==	+
−	# The Judicative authority is simply called ‘’Court’’	+	==§5 – Voting Process==
−	# The number of seats (judges) is subject to that District’s constitution,	+
−	==First Judge==	+	===§5.1 Legislative===
−	The President of the Supreme Court is called ‘’First Judge’’ and must be a previously elected member of that council.	+	Political parties create two lists of candidates for the National Council and the Senator council.
−	The First Judge is elected in an indirect poll by the Federal Assembly. This election must take place within the first seven days after the election of the other judges.	+	One list contains as many printed names of candidates of the party as there are Representative seats assigned with the district. The other list contains as many empty fields as there are Representative seats assigned with the district.
−	* Supreme Court President: Lexpert Tarmos	+	The third list is a blank list that is not linked with any party. This list contains as many empty fields as there are Representative seats assigned with the district.
−	=Electoral System=	+	The voter must only use and then submit one of these three lists.
−	The Federal Constitution only defines some basic rules that apply to all institutions of all levels of the nation:	+
−	# Officials are directly elected by the people of Latao	+	If the voter submits the list with the printed names, all of these candidates receive a vote.
−	# The legislation term is four years	+
−	The only indirect elections are the Presidents and Vice Presidents of each authority. They are elected by the Federal Assembly within seven days after the direct poll. All candidates must be a previously elected member of the specific authority.	+	In case the voter wishes to vote for different candidates of the same party that may not be listed on the printed list, the voter may manually fill in the names of the candidates he wishes to vote for.
−	==Legislation Terms==	+	The voter may mix candidates of different parties by manually filling in the names of the candidates he/she wishes to vote for into the blank list.
−	Complete renewal elections for an institution are held on the second Sunday of October every four years. Local and Federal renewal elections are held in change every two years:	+
−	* x: Local Elections (Municipality & District)	+	If using an empty or blank list, the voter may fill in the same name(s) of candidate(s) as there are fields on the list.
−	* x + 2 years: National Elections (Executive, Legislative, Judicative)	+
−	The number of terms is currently not limited by the Federal Constitution, although this point is frequently discussed in the country; ideas vary from two up to four terms.	+	The responsible electoral authorities of the district submit the sealed boxes with the envelopes of the voters to the parliament, where the boxes are opened under the eyes of the Representatives and Senators.
−	Replacement elections are held only for members of the Executive and Judicative (this applies to all levels of the nation) – in case a member quits his/her service due to any reasons, the replacement elections must be held within 60 days from the date of quit. For members of the Legislative, the free seat is automatically taken by the candidate of the same party from the same District, who took the second place on the last election.	+	The seats assigned to a district are distributed to the candidates with the highest amount of votes.
−	Under any circumstances, the term of the replacement member ends with the next renewal elections (if the replacement member was not elected anymore in the next renewal).	+
		+	===§4.2 Executive===
		+	The National Executive Committee is elected indirectly by both chambers of the parliament. The election must be held from the newly elected parliament in the last day of December of the year of its election on the latest.
−	==Voters==	+	A candidate for a seat in the National Executive Committee is elected, if he/she receives two-thirds of the votes of the presenting parliament members.
−	Everyone is encouraged to vote who meets the following requirements:	+
−	# Citizen of the Confederacy of Latao	+	The members of the National Executive Committee must distribute the departments between themselves and vote for a Federal President in the first ten days of their term.
−	# Completed their 18th year of living	+
−	# Must be related to Latao	+
−	Citizens of Latao, who reside outside the country may participate the election on their own bill. (Before Latao abolished income taxes, the fees were added to the next tax bill, now a payment of 5 Latinums must be made before the official documents are sent to the voter, which incl. a permission check, performed by the Municipality where the voter lived last.)	+	===§4.3 Judicative===
		+	The Supreme Court is elected indirectly by both chambers of the parliament. The election must be held from the newly elected parliament in the last day of December of the year of its election on the latest.
−	The third paragraph means, that a voter must have a clear relation to the country. For example, children of migrated Latin citizens who never lived in Latao, or other “pure holders of a passport”, that sometimes don’t even know the language, cannot vote.	+	A candidate for a seat in the Supreme Court is elected, if he/she receives two-thirds of the votes of the presenting parliament members.
−	==Electioneers==	+	The members of the Supreme Court must vote for a High Judge in the first ten days of their term.
−	Everyone is encouraged to run for political office who meets the following requirements:	+
−	# Citizen of Latao	+	==§5 – Renewal Elections==
−	# Completed 25th year of living	+	Complete renewal elections for all authorities are held every four years in the second Sunday of the month October.
−	# Residing in Latao	+
−	# Must not have any criminal records related to manipulation of elections or corruption	+
−	Electioneers must have resided in Latao for at least five years without a bigger interruption (of a maximum of one year). All electioneers must reside in Latao on the date of election and during the entire term, when they hold an office. Candidates for Judicative authorities also need a valid license as judge or lawyer for the Confederacy of Latao, incl. the District they operate. (This is because every District has its own constitution and laws beside federal law).	+
		+	==§6 - Replacement Elections==
−	=Military=	+	===§6.1 – National Council===
−	Latao spends about 10 % of its national budget to military and defense. Although this budget is relatively small compared to other nations of similar size, the strong economy and the high value of its currency and the large governmental budget allow the country to operate one of the most powerful armed forces in the region.	+	If a seat becomes available before the next renewal elections, the candidate with the next best electoral result of the same district automatically takes that seat, regardless of the party.
−	There is no compulsory military service in Latao, all citizens in the age between 18 and 48 years must however register with the army as they could be recruited in times of war. This only applies to times when the country is being attacked by foreign powers.	+	If a president of the National Council can not complete his/her term then replacement elections must be held within ten days.
−	The domestic natural uranium deposits and the high-tech economy level made the Confederacy of Latao a nuclear power. It is known that the country owns an unspecified number of atomic nukes and missiles that can be launched from air planes, vessels and submarines. Latao also developed several types of mini nukes for local use.	+	===§6.2 – Senator Council===
		+	If a seat becomes available before the next renewal elections, the candidate with the next best electoral result of the same district automatically takes that seat, regardless of the party.
−	==Army==	+	If a president of the Senator Council can not complete his/her term then replacement elections must be held within then days.
−	The official number of professional members of Latao’s army is 100.000 while the estimated number of available resources is around 500.000 people.	+
−	==Air Force==	+	===§6.3 – National Executive Committee===
−	The exact number of air crafts owned by the Confederacy is not known. Latao however operates a fleet of the following air crafts:	+	If a seat becomes available before the next renewal elections, the party must nominate candidates for renewal elections which must be held within the next 30 days.
−	* F/A-18 jets	+	If the Federal President can not complete his/her term then replacement elections must be held within the first ten days after the National Executive Committee is complete again.
−	* B52 far distance air planes	+
−	* Stealth air planes	+
−	* Apache battle Helicopters	+
−	The air forces regularly secure and control Latao’s air space, incl. cities to prevent terrorist attacks against the nation. Also the air forces observes state borders with drone devices to prevent international criminality such as smuggling, drug dealing and illegal immigration.	+	===§6.4 – Supreme Court===
		+	If a seat becomes available before the next renewal elections, renewal elections must be held within the next 30 days.
−	==Naval Forces==	+	If the High Judge can not complete his/her term then replacement elections must be held within ten days.
−	Latao’s navy is responsible for the following infrastructure:	+
−	* Vessels	+
−	* Sub-Marines	+
−		+
−	The navy is also used to secure and control Latao’s maritime claims, waters and coasts, carrying armed unformed and civil forces to prevent international criminality such as smuggling, drug dealing and illegal immigration.	+
−	==Special Forces==	+	==§7 – Political Parties==
−	''Information incomplete''	+	The parliament releases law regarding details on political parties. Parties are valid if they respect this democratic constitution.
−	==Intelligence Services==	+
−	''Information incomplete''	+	=Article IV – Constitutional Changes=
−	=Police=	+	==§1 – Legitimating==
−	Since all Districts of the Confederacy are sovereign, they operate their own law enforcement troops, while the Confederacy operates a Federal Police that works in civil cloths in the entire country tracing special cases of domestic and international criminality.	+	Every revision of this constitution must pass a poll with double-majority, regardless what governing body (including the citizens) has requested the change.
−	==Federal Police==	+	Double-majority means, that the absolute number of votes and the number of districts must be supporting a proposal. The vote of a district is the majority of the voters living in that district.
−	The Federal Police forces are attached directly to the Domestic Ministry therefore operate in the entire country and even in abroad upon order of the Domestic Secretary. The Federal Police works in civil clothes and is responsible to specific (severe) criminal cases of national and international stage. The Federal Police my overrule District Police forces and have the power to arrest and even shoot anyone in the country, although these rights can be used only at order of the Secretary of Domestic Affairs when they need to arrest (or even kill) members of Federal Authorities.	+
−	==District Police Forces==	+	===§1.1 – Legislative Requests===
−	The District Police forces are responsible to the “daily business criminality” such as drug abuse, road rage, robberies and similar problems that can occur in a society. Members of these police forces may work in uniform or civil clothes and arrest or shoot any suspicious people. Their territory of action is however limited to the territory of the District.	+	A poll to request a revision of this constitution maybe held if two-third of the presenting members of the parliament votes for the proposal.
−	=Specialties=	+	===§1.2 – Citizen Requests===
−	General Information of interest about the Confederacy of Latao:	+	A poll to request a revision of this constitution maybe held if 100,000 valid signatures are collected of citizens supporting a proposal.
−	==Direct Democracy==	+	==§2 – Stability==
−	The Confederacy of Latao implements [[Direct Democracy (Latao)|direct democracy]] on all levels of the nation.	+	No more than five articles or paragraphs maybe changed at once. No law maybe given that limits or voids this constitution.
		+
		+	=Article V – Rights of the Districts=
−	==Taxing System ==	+	==§1 – Sovereignty==
−	Since every District and every Municipality has its own tax laws and financial & treasury management, there is no unique tax rate in the Country. This leads to some kind of “tax competition” between Municipalities and Districts which ensures, that the taxes do not become too high.	+	The districts are sovereign as long their sovereignty is not limited by this constitution.
−	==Constitution==	+	Every district gives itself a democratic constitution that must be revision able by the citizens of that district. The parliament confirms the constitution if it is not in conflict with federal law.
−	The national summary provides some [[Specialties (Latao)|notes of interests]] on Latao.	+
−	==Domestic Policies==	+	==§2 – Security==
−	The most important domestic policies of Latao are as follows:	+	The districts have the right to build and to command their own police forces.
−	* Death Penalty	+	==§3 – Finance & Treasury==
−	The death penalty may be executed against heavily crimes, where the guilty person is over 25 years old. It is prohibited to use the death penalty for political reasons; except of times of war if an individual acts against the Confederacy of Latao or the people of Latao (Verrat, Conspiracy).	+	The districts have the right to administrate their finances and create their own tax laws.
−	* Flag Burning / State Critics	+	==§4 – Justice==
−	In the sense of freedom, it is prohibited to punish citizens for critics of the own state, the “system ”, the institution or single policies and authorities, which includes the act of “burning the own flag”	+	Every district may create its own local courts. Judicial trials can be brought up to the federal court or Supreme Court responsible for the trial.
−	* Religious Freedom
−	Religions that are in conflict with the fundamentals of the constitution and the beliefs of the Latin people and culture can be considered “barbaric” and banned. The parliament defines what is considered a “religion” and what is not.
−	* Protection from foreign Powers	+
−	Citizens of the Confederacy of Latao are not being expelled to foreign state’s authorities.	+	=Article VI – Rights of the Confederacy=
−	=History=	+	==§1 – Justice==
−		+	The Confederacy has the right to create specialized courts under the supervision of the Supreme Court.
−	==Foundation==	+
−	The folk of Latao founded their state in the form of a Confederacy somewhere in the [[North Pacific]] – but that’s so long ago – we don’t really remember that.	+
−	==Ille de France==	+	==§2 – Defense==
−	Latao resided in [[Ille de France]] for quite a long time, until during our election campaign for the position of foreign minister in that region, our view that homosexuality is a sin and our intolerant attitudes towards homosexuals, were challenged by the other nations of that region and we decided to leave.	+	The Confederacy has the right to build and to command armies that operate in domestic and foreign areas.
−	==Atlantian Oceania==	+	The National Executive Committee may activate the law of war for a maximum period of seven days. Longer periods have to be confirmed by the parliament and can not exceed the duration of one year.
−	During most of its existence, the Confederacy lived in [[Atlantian Oceania]] – after all a nice place, the people enjoyed living there. But several armed conflicts forced our people to find a new home once again, since giant powers full of hatred and blood only seemed to exist to smash our relatively small nation.	+
		+	==§3 – Security==
		+	The Confederacy has the right to build and to command federal police forces that operate in domestic and foreign areas.
−	==Global Right Alliance==	+	==§4 – Finance & Treasury==
−	The Confederacy recently found a new home in the Global Right Alliance. For the first time we seem to be surrounded by nations that are of similar political mind as Latao. We pray for a new era of peace and prosperity.	+	The Confederacy is responsible to the federal finance administration which includes the right of charging direct federal taxes and national customs.
−	=Game Info=	+	No domestic taxes between the districts are allowed.
−	==Puppets==	+	===§4.1 – Financial Revision===
−	The Protectorate of [[Latao-Nyssa]] is the only [[puppet]] the player currently owns. For RP-purposes, Nyssa is a sovereign nation, partially controlled by the Confederacy of Latao.	+	The parliament is responsible to the financial administration of the national treasury.
		+
		+	==§5 – Immigration & Citizenship==
		+	The Confederacy has the right to grant and to remove citizenship. Holders of the Latin passport may not own foreign citizenships concurrently.
		+
		+	==§6 – Traffic & Communication==
		+	The Confederacy has the right to release laws regarding roads and communication ways. Censorship of Medias is prohibited.
		+
		+	===§6.1 – Censorship of Medias in Times of War===
		+	The National Executive Committee may utilize censorship of Medias when the international situation should require prevention of provocations.
		+
		+	The parliament must confirm this state after a period of six months and may extend the censorship for another six months.
		+
		+	==§7 – Foreign Relations==
		+	The Confederacy has the exclusive right of foreign relations.
		+
		+
		+	=Article VII – Rights of the Citizens=
		+
		+	==§1 – Justice==
		+
		+	===§1.1===
		+	No one maybe imprisoned if there is no law which defines the situation of question.
		+
		+	===§1.2===
		+	Arrested people have the right bring their case to a court within 48 hours.
		+
		+	===§1.3===
		+	The death penalty may not be sentenced for political reasons. The Supreme Court is the only authority to deal with death penalties.
		+
		+	===§1.4===
		+	No one may be sentenced for the same judicial case multiple times. A trial and its sentence are accepted by all district’s and federal authorities.
		+
		+	==§2 – Freedom==
		+
		+	===§2.1===
		+	Citizens of the Confederacy of Latao may leave and enter the state’s territory at any time.
		+
		+	===§2.2===
		+	Freedom of speech is guaranteed. Any kind of censorship is prohibited.
		+
		+	==§3 – Protection==
		+	Citizens of the Confederacy of Latao may not be expelled to foreign states or authorities unless they wish so.
		+
		+	==§4 – Religion==
		+	Neither the Confederacy of Latao nor the districts have a state religion. Law which aims to establish a state religion can not be given.
		+
		+	==§5 - Suffrage==
		+	General suffrage is 18 years of age. The parliament may release laws that define additional details and different suffrage ages for specific subjects.
		+
		+
		+	==Article VIII – Miscellaneous Conditions==
		+
		+	==§1 – Governmental Regulations==
		+
		+	===§1.1 - Concurrency===
		+	Nobody may hold more than one position defined by this or the district’s constitution at once; including positions of foreign states or authorities.
		+
		+	===§1.2 – Financing===
		+	The parliament releases law regarding the payment of politicians and their income. The salary of politicians may not be modified during their term.
		+
		+	===§1.3 – Titles of Nobility===
		+	Authorities of the Confederacy of Latao or the districts may not grant titles of nobility. If such titles are granted by foreign states or their authorities they are not acknowledged in Latao.
−	==Names==
−	An increasing number of terms used by the player maybe found in the [[Latao Glossar|Glossary]] which also provides information on the origin of an expression.
	[[Category:Latao]]		[[Category:Latao]]

---

Latest revision as of 14:22, 18 September 2007

Confoederatio Latinum

</td></tr>
"We make the World go around"
Region	Global Right Alliance
Population	over 2 billion
Official Language	German, English
Capital	Luciaria
Leader	National Executive Committee
State Type	Democracy
Government	Right-winged
Currency	Latinum
National Anthem	"Latao above Everything!"
National Animal	Scooby-Doo
Internet TLD	.cl
Dial Code	007
Country Code	CL
Map	[(none)]
Stats: NSEconomy XML

"Constitution of the Confederacy of Latao"

Preamble

We the people of Latao shall create this federation to secure our freedom and to protect the individual. We shall create a peaceful society and work for prosperity and social security, while respecting law and order and the rights of other people.

This Federal Constitution declares the bill of rights for the Confederacy.

Article I – State Organization

The Confederacy of Latao is a democratic federal state. Its districts are sovereign as long their sovereignty is not limited by this federal constitution.

The Confederacy of Latao is ruled by an Executive and a bi-cameral Legislative, while the judicial branch is separated from the politics.

§1 – National Council

All power defined by this constitution is given to the National Council. The National Council consists of 300 Representatives that represent the citizens of Latao. Every district may send one Representative to the National Council per 50,000 citizens.

§1.1 – First National Council President

The First National Council President represents the National Council. He has tie-breaking powers and schedules the sessions.

§1.2 – Second National Council President

The Second National Council President represents the National Council. He has tie-breaking powers and schedules the sessions. The Second National Council President becomes active when the First National Council President can not serve.

§1.3 – Third National Council President

The Third National Council President represents the National Council. He has tie-breaking powers and schedules the sessions. The Third National Council President becomes active when the First and the Second National Council Presidents can not serve.

§2 – Senator Council

The Senator Council consists of 45 Senators that represent the districts of Latao. Every district may send exactly three Senators to the Senator Council.

§2.1 – Senator Council President

The Senator Council President represents the Senator Council. He has tie-breaking powers and schedules the sessions.

§2.2 – Vice Senator Council President

The Vice Senator Council President represents the Senator Council. He has tie-breaking powers and schedules the sessions. The Vice Senator Council President becomes active when the Senator Council President can not serve.

§3 – National Executive Committee

The National Executive Committee consists of seven Councilors that operationally lead the Confederacy of Latao. Each Councilor is the head of a department that contains ministries or other state-run offices and authorities.

The in-percentage strength of a party in the parliament defines how the seats in the National Executive Committee are distributed. In case of unclear mathematical situations, the strongest party in the parliament may receive a third seat in the National Executive Committee.

The National Executive Committee operates as a collective in which every Councilor has equal rights.

It is up to the members of the National Executive Committee to distribute the departments between themselves.

§3.1 – Federal President

The Federal President is part of the National Executive Committee. He plans and schedules the sessions of the National Executive Committee. The Federal President also has the power to give tie-breaking decisions.

§4 – Supreme Court

The Supreme Court consists of eleven judges that operate independent from the Executive and the Legislative.

§4.1 – High Judge

The High Judge represents the National Council. He has tie-breaking powers and schedules the sessions.

Article II – Governing

§1 – Legislation Power

All legislation activity starts from the National Council. If a proposal passed a poll in the National Council it is submitted to the Senator Council, which may modify it.

If a proposal is accepted by the Senator Council then the Senator Council submits it to the National Executive Committee which executes the new law.

If a proposal is being modified by the Senator Council, it must be returned to the National Council giving information on the reason(s) of that denial. The National Council must discuss the rejected proposal and the list of reasons and then hold a poll if the proposal should be revised.

A proposal maybe given to the Senator Council for confirmation up to three times; if these roundtrips do not lead to a common solution, a Unification Commission is built.

The responsible councilor of the National Executive Committee is involved in the discussion for all steps of the governing act.

§1.1 – Election of the Unification Commission

The Unification Commission consists of eleven members, elected by the parliament when needed, to solve one specific proposal.

Six of its members and the President must be Representatives and five of its members must be Senators.

The President has tie-breaking powers.

§1.2 – Process of the Unification Commission

The Unification Commission discusses the proposal and acknowledges all additional amendments and revisions.

The President schedules a final poll of the Unification Commission about the proposal. If the revised proposal passed the poll, it is submitted to the National Executive Committee, other ways the proposal is definitely failed.

§2 – Direct Democracy

The citizens may request constitutional revisions in accordance with Article V.

The citizens may also request a poll on new law or the modification or removal of existing law by collecting 50,000 valid signatures. The proposal shall become legal law if the majority of the citizens votes for it.

The parliament releases an electoral law that defines additional details regarding federal polls.

§3 – Defense

The National Executive Committee may mobilize the nation’s military at any time to secure and to ensure its interests. If a mission extends the duration of two months, the parliament must endorse it.

§4 – Sessions

§4.1 – Executive

The National Executive Committee is a permanent authority. The authority must ensure that it may serve the complete year without interruption.

The National Executive Committee may request sessions of the Legislative and Judicative at any time.

§4.2 – Legislative

The National Council and the Senator Council are militia authorities. Its members shall come together at least once in four months.

§4.3 – Judicative

The Supreme Court is a permanent authority. The authority must ensure that is may serve the complete year without interruption.

Article III – Electoral System

§1 – Terms

All directly elected positions (including the members of the judicative branch) are subject of a four year term. Begin of a term is the first day of the month January of the following year when the candidate was elected. The term ends in the last day of the month December of the last year of the term.

All indirectly elected positions (excluding the members of the National Executive Committee and the judicative branch, but including the Federal President and the High Judge) are subject of a one year term. Begin of a term is the first day in the month of January when the candidate was elected. The term ends in the last day of the month December.

§2 – Electoral Regulations

Citizens of the Confederacy of Latao may vote when they are 21 years of age or older. Every voter has as many votes as there are Representatives assigned with his/her district of living and three votes for the Senator Council.

Citizens of the Confederacy of Latao may be voted when they are 25 years of age or older and living in the district of election for at least 10 years.

§3 – Electoral Votes

Every citizen has as many votes for the National Council as there are seats assigned with the district where the voter lives and exactly three votes for the Senator Council seats assigned with the district where the voter lives.

§4 – Electoral Areas

Every district is a complete electoral area. Valid citizens may candidate for a seat in the parliament only in the district they live. Only candidates of the district where the voter lives may be elected.

The parliament releases an electoral law that defines additional details regarding federal elections.

§5 – Voting Process

§5.1 Legislative

Political parties create two lists of candidates for the National Council and the Senator council.

One list contains as many printed names of candidates of the party as there are Representative seats assigned with the district. The other list contains as many empty fields as there are Representative seats assigned with the district.

The third list is a blank list that is not linked with any party. This list contains as many empty fields as there are Representative seats assigned with the district.

The voter must only use and then submit one of these three lists.

If the voter submits the list with the printed names, all of these candidates receive a vote.

In case the voter wishes to vote for different candidates of the same party that may not be listed on the printed list, the voter may manually fill in the names of the candidates he wishes to vote for.

The voter may mix candidates of different parties by manually filling in the names of the candidates he/she wishes to vote for into the blank list.

If using an empty or blank list, the voter may fill in the same name(s) of candidate(s) as there are fields on the list.

The responsible electoral authorities of the district submit the sealed boxes with the envelopes of the voters to the parliament, where the boxes are opened under the eyes of the Representatives and Senators.

The seats assigned to a district are distributed to the candidates with the highest amount of votes.

§4.2 Executive

The National Executive Committee is elected indirectly by both chambers of the parliament. The election must be held from the newly elected parliament in the last day of December of the year of its election on the latest.

A candidate for a seat in the National Executive Committee is elected, if he/she receives two-thirds of the votes of the presenting parliament members.

The members of the National Executive Committee must distribute the departments between themselves and vote for a Federal President in the first ten days of their term.

§4.3 Judicative

The Supreme Court is elected indirectly by both chambers of the parliament. The election must be held from the newly elected parliament in the last day of December of the year of its election on the latest.

A candidate for a seat in the Supreme Court is elected, if he/she receives two-thirds of the votes of the presenting parliament members.

The members of the Supreme Court must vote for a High Judge in the first ten days of their term.

§5 – Renewal Elections

Complete renewal elections for all authorities are held every four years in the second Sunday of the month October.

§6 - Replacement Elections

§6.1 – National Council

If a seat becomes available before the next renewal elections, the candidate with the next best electoral result of the same district automatically takes that seat, regardless of the party.

If a president of the National Council can not complete his/her term then replacement elections must be held within ten days.

§6.2 – Senator Council

If a seat becomes available before the next renewal elections, the candidate with the next best electoral result of the same district automatically takes that seat, regardless of the party.

If a president of the Senator Council can not complete his/her term then replacement elections must be held within then days.

§6.3 – National Executive Committee

If a seat becomes available before the next renewal elections, the party must nominate candidates for renewal elections which must be held within the next 30 days.

If the Federal President can not complete his/her term then replacement elections must be held within the first ten days after the National Executive Committee is complete again.

§6.4 – Supreme Court

If a seat becomes available before the next renewal elections, renewal elections must be held within the next 30 days.

If the High Judge can not complete his/her term then replacement elections must be held within ten days.

§7 – Political Parties

The parliament releases law regarding details on political parties. Parties are valid if they respect this democratic constitution.

Article IV – Constitutional Changes

§1 – Legitimating

Every revision of this constitution must pass a poll with double-majority, regardless what governing body (including the citizens) has requested the change.

Double-majority means, that the absolute number of votes and the number of districts must be supporting a proposal. The vote of a district is the majority of the voters living in that district.

§1.1 – Legislative Requests

A poll to request a revision of this constitution maybe held if two-third of the presenting members of the parliament votes for the proposal.

§1.2 – Citizen Requests

A poll to request a revision of this constitution maybe held if 100,000 valid signatures are collected of citizens supporting a proposal.

§2 – Stability

No more than five articles or paragraphs maybe changed at once. No law maybe given that limits or voids this constitution.

Article V – Rights of the Districts

§1 – Sovereignty

The districts are sovereign as long their sovereignty is not limited by this constitution.

Every district gives itself a democratic constitution that must be revision able by the citizens of that district. The parliament confirms the constitution if it is not in conflict with federal law.

§2 – Security

The districts have the right to build and to command their own police forces.

§3 – Finance & Treasury

The districts have the right to administrate their finances and create their own tax laws.

§4 – Justice

Every district may create its own local courts. Judicial trials can be brought up to the federal court or Supreme Court responsible for the trial.

Article VI – Rights of the Confederacy

§1 – Justice

The Confederacy has the right to create specialized courts under the supervision of the Supreme Court.

§2 – Defense

The Confederacy has the right to build and to command armies that operate in domestic and foreign areas.

The National Executive Committee may activate the law of war for a maximum period of seven days. Longer periods have to be confirmed by the parliament and can not exceed the duration of one year.

§3 – Security

The Confederacy has the right to build and to command federal police forces that operate in domestic and foreign areas.

§4 – Finance & Treasury

The Confederacy is responsible to the federal finance administration which includes the right of charging direct federal taxes and national customs.

No domestic taxes between the districts are allowed.

§4.1 – Financial Revision

The parliament is responsible to the financial administration of the national treasury.

§5 – Immigration & Citizenship

The Confederacy has the right to grant and to remove citizenship. Holders of the Latin passport may not own foreign citizenships concurrently.

§6 – Traffic & Communication

The Confederacy has the right to release laws regarding roads and communication ways. Censorship of Medias is prohibited.

§6.1 – Censorship of Medias in Times of War

The National Executive Committee may utilize censorship of Medias when the international situation should require prevention of provocations.

The parliament must confirm this state after a period of six months and may extend the censorship for another six months.

§7 – Foreign Relations

The Confederacy has the exclusive right of foreign relations.

Article VII – Rights of the Citizens

§1 – Justice

§1.1

No one maybe imprisoned if there is no law which defines the situation of question.

§1.2

Arrested people have the right bring their case to a court within 48 hours.

§1.3

The death penalty may not be sentenced for political reasons. The Supreme Court is the only authority to deal with death penalties.

§1.4

No one may be sentenced for the same judicial case multiple times. A trial and its sentence are accepted by all district’s and federal authorities.

§2 – Freedom

§2.1

Citizens of the Confederacy of Latao may leave and enter the state’s territory at any time.

§2.2

Freedom of speech is guaranteed. Any kind of censorship is prohibited.

§3 – Protection

Citizens of the Confederacy of Latao may not be expelled to foreign states or authorities unless they wish so.

§4 – Religion

Neither the Confederacy of Latao nor the districts have a state religion. Law which aims to establish a state religion can not be given.

§5 - Suffrage

General suffrage is 18 years of age. The parliament may release laws that define additional details and different suffrage ages for specific subjects.

Article VIII – Miscellaneous Conditions

§1 – Governmental Regulations

§1.1 - Concurrency

Nobody may hold more than one position defined by this or the district’s constitution at once; including positions of foreign states or authorities.

§1.2 – Financing

The parliament releases law regarding the payment of politicians and their income. The salary of politicians may not be modified during their term.

§1.3 – Titles of Nobility

Authorities of the Confederacy of Latao or the districts may not grant titles of nobility. If such titles are granted by foreign states or their authorities they are not acknowledged in Latao.