Difference between revisions of "Poirih dialects"
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** Z is pronounced Z [z] before a vowel, otherwise S [s] | ** Z is pronounced Z [z] before a vowel, otherwise S [s] | ||
** After an unstressed vowel, CH and Z become DH [D] or TH [T] | ** After an unstressed vowel, CH and Z become DH [D] or TH [T] | ||
+ | |||
+ | === Hongora === | ||
+ | * Single vowels | ||
+ | ** Long A is pronounced [A:] | ||
+ | ** E becomes Ö: short [9], long [2:] | ||
+ | ** Short I is pronounced [I] | ||
+ | ** Long O is pronounced [o:] | ||
+ | ** U becomes Ü: short [Y], long [y:] | ||
+ | * ''A'' diphthongs | ||
+ | ** EA and OA become ÖÖ [2:] | ||
+ | ** IA and UA become ÜÜ [y:] | ||
+ | * ''I'' diphthongs | ||
+ | ** AI is pronounced AU [6U] | ||
+ | ** EI is pronounced EU [EU] | ||
+ | * Consonants | ||
+ | ** P, K and T are dropped at the end of a syllable | ||
+ | ** In other positions, P/T/K are aspirated | ||
+ | ** F is dropped | ||
+ | ** H becomes G [g] | ||
+ | ** L is dropped | ||
+ | ** R becomes L [l] | ||
+ | ** W becomes ZH [Z] | ||
+ | |||
+ | === Idubut === | ||
+ | * Single vowels | ||
+ | ** Long A becomes Å [Q:] | ||
+ | ** E becomes Ö: short [9], long [2:] | ||
+ | ** Short I is pronounced [I] | ||
+ | ** Long O is pronounced [o:] | ||
+ | ** U becomes Ü: short [Y], long [y:] | ||
+ | * ''A'' diphthongs | ||
+ | ** EA and OA become ÖÖ [2:] | ||
+ | ** IA and UA become ÜÜ [y:] | ||
+ | * ''I'' diphthongs | ||
+ | ** AI becomes OO [O:] | ||
+ | ** EI becomes EE [@:] | ||
+ | ** OI becomes OO [O:] | ||
+ | ** UI becomes UU [u:] | ||
+ | * Consonants | ||
+ | ** CH becomes J [j] | ||
+ | ** F is dropped | ||
+ | ** H becomes G [g] | ||
+ | ** K is aspirated, at the beginning of a word G [g] | ||
+ | ** M becomes MB [mb] at the beginning of a word | ||
+ | ** N becomes ND [nd] at the beginning of a word | ||
+ | ** P becomes PF [pf], at the beginning of a word BV [bv] | ||
+ | ** R becomes L [l] | ||
+ | ** T is aspirated, at the beginning of a word D [d] | ||
=== Lancollin === | === Lancollin === | ||
Line 201: | Line 249: | ||
** T is pronounced D [d] before a vowel, otherwise T [t_h] | ** T is pronounced D [d] before a vowel, otherwise T [t_h] | ||
** Z is pronounced Z [z] before a vowel, otherwise S [s] | ** Z is pronounced Z [z] before a vowel, otherwise S [s] | ||
+ | |||
+ | === Lonreca === | ||
+ | * Single vowels | ||
+ | ** Long A is pronounced [A:] | ||
+ | ** Long E is pronounced [e:] | ||
+ | ** Short I is pronounced [I] at the beginning of a word | ||
+ | ** Long O is pronounced [o:] | ||
+ | ** Short U is pronounced [U] at the beginning of a word | ||
+ | * ''A'' diphthongs | ||
+ | ** EA and OA become ÖÖ [2:] | ||
+ | ** IA and UA become ÜÜ [y:] | ||
+ | * ''I'' diphthongs | ||
+ | ** AI is pronounced AY [6Y] | ||
+ | ** EI is pronounced IU [IU] | ||
+ | * Consonants | ||
+ | ** P, K and T are dropped at the end of a syllable | ||
+ | ** K and T are aspirated | ||
+ | ** B becomes B [b] at the beginning of a syllable, otherwise P [p_h] | ||
+ | ** G becomes J [j] | ||
+ | ** H becomes G [g] | ||
+ | ** L becomes W [w] | ||
+ | ** R becomes L [l] | ||
+ | ** W becomes ZH [Z] | ||
+ | |||
+ | === Milduna === | ||
+ | * Single vowels | ||
+ | ** E becomes Ö: short [9], long [2:] | ||
+ | ** Short I is pronounced [I] | ||
+ | ** Long O is pronounced [o:] | ||
+ | ** U becomes Ö: short [9], long [2:] | ||
+ | * ''A'' diphthongs | ||
+ | ** EA and OA become EE [e:] | ||
+ | ** IA and UA become YY [1:] | ||
+ | * Consonants | ||
+ | ** CH becomes SH [S] | ||
+ | ** F is dropped | ||
+ | ** H becomes G [g] | ||
+ | ** J becomes SH [S] | ||
+ | ** K is aspirated | ||
+ | ** P becomes PF [pf] | ||
+ | ** R becomes L [l] | ||
+ | ** T is aspirated | ||
+ | ** Z becomes S [s] | ||
+ | |||
+ | === Oylbesh === | ||
+ | * Single vowels | ||
+ | ** Long A becomes Å [Q:] | ||
+ | ** E becomes Ö: short [9], long [2:] | ||
+ | ** Short I is pronounced [I] | ||
+ | ** Long O is pronounced [o:] | ||
+ | ** U becomes Ü: short [Y], long [y:] | ||
+ | * ''A'' diphthongs | ||
+ | ** EA and OA become ÖÖ [2:] | ||
+ | ** IA and UA become ÜÜ [y:] | ||
+ | * ''I'' diphthongs | ||
+ | ** AI becomes ÅÅ [Q:] | ||
+ | ** EI becomes EE [e:] | ||
+ | ** OI becomes OO [o:] | ||
+ | ** UI becomes UU [u:] | ||
+ | * Consonants | ||
+ | ** CH becomes J [j] | ||
+ | ** F is dropped | ||
+ | ** H becomes G [g] | ||
+ | ** K is aspirated | ||
+ | ** P becomes PF [pf] | ||
+ | ** R becomes L [l] | ||
+ | ** T is aspirated | ||
+ | |||
+ | === Porpic === | ||
+ | * Single vowels | ||
+ | ** A is pronounced [@] | ||
+ | ** E becomes Ö: short [9], long [2:] | ||
+ | ** Short I is pronounced [I], long I becomes Ü [y:] | ||
+ | ** Long O is pronounced [o:] | ||
+ | ** U becomes Ü: short [Y], long [y:] | ||
+ | * ''A'' diphthongs | ||
+ | ** EA and OA become ÖÖ [2:] | ||
+ | ** IA and UA become ÜÜ [y:] | ||
+ | * ''I'' diphthongs | ||
+ | ** AI becomes ÅÅ [Q:] | ||
+ | ** EI becomes EE [e:] | ||
+ | ** OI becomes OO [o:], after a bilabial consonant [2:] | ||
+ | ** UI becomes UU [u:], after a consonant [M:] | ||
+ | * Consonants | ||
+ | ** CH is dropped at the beginning of a word, otherwise it becomes J [j] | ||
+ | ** F is dropped | ||
+ | ** H becomes G [g] | ||
+ | ** J is dropped at the beginning of a word | ||
+ | ** K is aspirated | ||
+ | ** P becomes PF [pf] | ||
+ | ** R becomes L [l] | ||
+ | ** T is aspirated | ||
+ | |||
+ | === Putali === | ||
+ | * Single vowels | ||
+ | ** Long A is pronounced [A:] | ||
+ | ** Long E is pronounced [e:] | ||
+ | ** Short I is pronounced [I] | ||
+ | ** Long O is pronounced [o:] | ||
+ | ** U is pronounced [}] | ||
+ | * ''A'' diphthongs | ||
+ | ** EA and OA become ÖÖ [2:] | ||
+ | ** IA and UA become II [i:], at the beginning of a word ÜÜ [y:] | ||
+ | * ''I'' diphthongs | ||
+ | ** AI is pronounced [6I] | ||
+ | ** UI becomes II [i:] after W | ||
+ | * Consonants | ||
+ | ** CH becomes J [j] | ||
+ | ** K, P and T are aspirated | ||
+ | ** H becomes G [g] | ||
+ | ** L becomes W [w] | ||
+ | ** R becomes L [l] | ||
+ | |||
+ | === Riftaly === | ||
+ | * Single vowels | ||
+ | ** Long A is pronounced [A:] | ||
+ | ** Long E is pronounced [e:] | ||
+ | ** Short I is pronounced [I] at the beginning of a word | ||
+ | ** Long O is pronounced [o:] | ||
+ | ** Short U is pronounced [M] at the beginning of a word | ||
+ | * ''A'' diphthongs | ||
+ | ** EA, IA, OA and UA become ÖÖ [2:] | ||
+ | * ''I'' diphthongs | ||
+ | ** AI is pronounced AY [6Y] | ||
+ | ** EI is pronounced IU [IU] | ||
+ | * Consonants | ||
+ | ** P, K and T are dropped at the end of a syllable | ||
+ | ** In other positions, P/T/K are aspirated | ||
+ | ** G becomes J [j] | ||
+ | ** H becomes G [g] | ||
+ | ** K becomes Q [q_h] | ||
+ | ** L is dropped | ||
+ | ** R becomes L [l] | ||
+ | ** W becomes ZH [Z] | ||
+ | |||
+ | === Ursia === | ||
+ | * Single vowels | ||
+ | ** E becomes Ö: short [9], long [2:] | ||
+ | ** Short I is pronounced [I] | ||
+ | ** Long O is pronounced [o:] | ||
+ | ** U becomes Ü: short [Y], long [y:] | ||
+ | * ''A'' diphthongs | ||
+ | ** EA and OA become EE [e:] | ||
+ | ** IA and UA become II [i:] | ||
+ | * Consonants | ||
+ | ** CH becomes J [j] | ||
+ | ** F is dropped | ||
+ | ** H becomes G [g] | ||
+ | ** K is aspirated | ||
+ | ** P becomes PF [pf] | ||
+ | ** R becomes L [l] | ||
+ | ** T is aspirated | ||
[[Category:Yuunli]] | [[Category:Yuunli]] |
Revision as of 04:36, 11 May 2005
Dialects of the Poirih language spoken in Yuunli (all pronunciation indications in X-SAMPA):
Contents
Pronunciation differences
Balembai
- Single vowels
- Long A is pronounced [A:]
- Long E is pronounced [e:]
- Short I is pronounced [I]
- Long O is pronounced [o:]
- Short U is pronounced [U]
- A diphthongs
- EA and OA become ÖÖ [2:]
- IA and UA become ÜÜ [y:]
- I diphthongs
- AI is pronounced [6I]
- Consonants
- K, P and T are aspirated
- H becomes G [g]
- L becomes W [w]
- R becomes L [l]
Bingeva
- Single vowels
- Unstressed A becomes Ä [&]
- A becomes Ä [&], at the end of a word [@]
- E is sometimes E [e], sometimes Ö [2]
- Short I becomes Ù [}], long I becomes ÜÜ [y:]
- O is sometimes A [6], sometimes Å [Q]
- A diphthongs
- EA is sometimes ÄE [E@] (except at the end of a word), sometimes ÖE [9@]
- IA becomes ÜE [Y@], except at the end of a word
- OA becomes OE [O@], except at the end of a word
- UA becomes UE [U@], except at the end of a word
- I diphthongs
- EI is sometimes EE [e:], sometimes ÖÖ [2:]
- OI is sometimes OO [o:], sometimes AA [a:]
- UI becomes OO [o:]
- Consonants
- B is pronounced WH [P], after an unstressed vowel W [w]
- CH is pronounced Z [z] before a vowel, otherwise S [s]
- F is pronounced V [v] before a vowel, otherwise F [f]
- H is dropped
- K is pronounced G [g] before a vowel, otherwise K [k_h]
- L is alveolar [l]
- M becomes N [n]
- P is pronounced B [b] before a vowel, otherwise P [p_h]
- R is rolled [r]
- T is pronounced D [d] before a vowel, otherwise T [t_h]
- Z is pronounced Z [z] before a vowel, otherwise S [s]
Bolshvisa
- Single vowels
- A becomes Ä [&], except at the end of a word
- E is sometimes E [e], sometimes Ö [2]
- I becomes Ü [y]
- O is sometimes O [o], sometimes A [6]
- A diphthongs
- EA is sometimes ÄE [E@], sometimes ÖE [9@]
- IA becomes ÜE [Y@]
- OA becomes OE [O@]
- UA becomes UE [U@]
- I diphthongs
- EI is sometimes EE [e:], sometimes (e.g. at the end of a word) ÖÖ [2:]
- OI is sometimes OO [o:], sometimes AA [a:]
- UI becomes UU [u:]
- Consonants
- B is pronounced W [P]
- CH is pronounced Z [z] before a vowel, otherwise S [s]
- F is pronounced V [v] before a vowel, otherwise F [f]
- H is dropped
- K is pronounced G [g] before a vowel, otherwise K [k_h]
- L is alveolar [l]
- M becomes N [n]
- P is pronounced B [b] before a vowel, otherwise P [p_h]
- R is rolled [r]
- T is pronounced D [d] before a vowel, otherwise T [t_h]
- Z is pronounced Z [z] before a vowel, otherwise S [s]
Candet
- Single vowels
- Long A is pronounced [A:]
- Short E becomes Ö [9], long E becomes ÖÖ [2:]
- Short I is pronounced [I]
- Short U is pronounced [U]
- A diphthongs
- EA and OA become EE [e:]
- IA and UA become ÜÜ [y:]
- I diphthongs
- AI is pronounced [6I]
- Consonants
- K, P and T are aspirated
- H becomes G [g]
- L becomes W [w]
- P becomes PF [pf] at the end of a syllable
- R becomes L [l]
Casuay
- Single vowels
- A is pronounced [@] at the end of a word
- E is sometimes E [e], sometimes Ö [2]
- I becomes Ü [y]
- O is sometimes O [o], sometimes Å [Q]
- A diphthongs
- EA is sometimes ÄE [E@], sometimes ÖE [9@]
- IA becomes ÜE [Y@]
- OA becomes OE [O@]
- UA becomes UE [U@]
- I diphthongs
- EI is sometimes EE [e:], sometimes ÖÖ [2:]
- OI is sometimes OO [o:], sometimes AA [a:]
- UI becomes UU [u:]
- Consonants
- B is pronounced W [P]
- CH is pronounced Z [z] before a vowel, otherwise S [s]
- F is pronounced V [v] before a vowel, otherwise F [f]
- H is dropped
- K is pronounced G [g] before a vowel, otherwise K [k_h]
- L is alveolar [l]
- P is pronounced B [b] before a vowel, otherwise P [p_h]
- R is rolled [r]
- T is pronounced D [d] before a vowel, otherwise T [t_h]
- Z is pronounced Z [z] before a vowel, otherwise S [s]
Centhay
- Single vowels
- Long A is pronounced [A:]
- Long E is pronounced [e:]
- Short I is pronounced [I] at the beginning of a word
- Long O is pronounced [o:]
- Short U is pronounced [U] at the beginning of a word
- A diphthongs
- EA and OA become ÖÖ [2:]
- IA and UA become ÜÜ [y:]
- I diphthongs
- AI is pronounced AY [6Y]
- EI is pronounced EY [EY]
- Consonants
- K and T are aspirated
- B becomes B [b] at the beginning of a syllable, otherwise P [p_h]
- G becomes J [j]
- H becomes G [g]
- L becomes W [w]
- R becomes L [l]
Damesa
- Single vowels
- Unstressed A becomes Ä [&]
- A is pronounced [@] at the end of a word
- E is sometimes E [e], sometimes Ö [2]
- Short I becomes Ù [}], long I becomes ÜÜ [y:]
- O is sometimes O [o], sometimes Å [Q]
- A diphthongs
- EA is sometimes ÄE [E@] (except at the end of a word), sometimes ÖE [9@]
- IA becomes ÜE [Y@]
- OA becomes OE [O@], except at the end of a word
- UA becomes UE [U@]
- I diphthongs
- EI is sometimes EE [e:], sometimes ÖÖ [2:]
- OI is sometimes OO [o:], sometimes AA [a:]
- UI becomes UU [u:]
- Consonants
- B is pronounced W [P]
- CH is pronounced Z [z] before a vowel, otherwise S [s]
- F is pronounced V [v] before a vowel, otherwise F [f]
- H is dropped
- K is pronounced G [g] before a vowel, otherwise K [k_h]
- L is alveolar [l]
- P is pronounced B [b] before a vowel, otherwise P [p_h]
- R is rolled [r]
- T is pronounced D [d] before a vowel, otherwise T [t_h]
- Z is pronounced Z [z] before a vowel, otherwise S [s]
- After an unstressed vowel, CH and Z become DH [D] or TH [T]
Hongora
- Single vowels
- Long A is pronounced [A:]
- E becomes Ö: short [9], long [2:]
- Short I is pronounced [I]
- Long O is pronounced [o:]
- U becomes Ü: short [Y], long [y:]
- A diphthongs
- EA and OA become ÖÖ [2:]
- IA and UA become ÜÜ [y:]
- I diphthongs
- AI is pronounced AU [6U]
- EI is pronounced EU [EU]
- Consonants
- P, K and T are dropped at the end of a syllable
- In other positions, P/T/K are aspirated
- F is dropped
- H becomes G [g]
- L is dropped
- R becomes L [l]
- W becomes ZH [Z]
Idubut
- Single vowels
- Long A becomes Å [Q:]
- E becomes Ö: short [9], long [2:]
- Short I is pronounced [I]
- Long O is pronounced [o:]
- U becomes Ü: short [Y], long [y:]
- A diphthongs
- EA and OA become ÖÖ [2:]
- IA and UA become ÜÜ [y:]
- I diphthongs
- AI becomes OO [O:]
- EI becomes EE [@:]
- OI becomes OO [O:]
- UI becomes UU [u:]
- Consonants
- CH becomes J [j]
- F is dropped
- H becomes G [g]
- K is aspirated, at the beginning of a word G [g]
- M becomes MB [mb] at the beginning of a word
- N becomes ND [nd] at the beginning of a word
- P becomes PF [pf], at the beginning of a word BV [bv]
- R becomes L [l]
- T is aspirated, at the beginning of a word D [d]
Lancollin
- Single vowels
- Unstressed A becomes Ä [&]
- A is pronounced [@] at the end of a word
- E is sometimes E [e], sometimes Ö [2]
- Short I becomes Ù [}], long I becomes ÜÜ [y:]
- O is sometimes O [o], sometimes Å [Q]
- A diphthongs
- EA is sometimes ÄE [E@] (except at the end of a word), sometimes ÖE [9@]
- IA becomes ÜE [Y@], except at the end of a word
- OA becomes OE [O@], except at the end of a word
- UA becomes UE [U@], except at the end of a word
- I diphthongs
- EI is sometimes EE [e:], sometimes ÖÖ [2:]
- OI is sometimes OO [o:], sometimes AA [a:]
- UI becomes UU [u:]
- Consonants
- B is pronounced W [P]
- CH is pronounced Z [z] before a vowel, otherwise S [s]
- F is pronounced V [v] before a vowel, otherwise F [f]
- H is dropped
- K is pronounced G [g] before a vowel, otherwise K [k_h]
- L is alveolar [l]
- M becomes N [n]
- P is pronounced B [b] before a vowel, otherwise P [p_h]
- R is rolled [r]
- T is pronounced D [d] before a vowel, otherwise T [t_h]
- Z is pronounced Z [z] before a vowel, otherwise S [s]
Lonreca
- Single vowels
- Long A is pronounced [A:]
- Long E is pronounced [e:]
- Short I is pronounced [I] at the beginning of a word
- Long O is pronounced [o:]
- Short U is pronounced [U] at the beginning of a word
- A diphthongs
- EA and OA become ÖÖ [2:]
- IA and UA become ÜÜ [y:]
- I diphthongs
- AI is pronounced AY [6Y]
- EI is pronounced IU [IU]
- Consonants
- P, K and T are dropped at the end of a syllable
- K and T are aspirated
- B becomes B [b] at the beginning of a syllable, otherwise P [p_h]
- G becomes J [j]
- H becomes G [g]
- L becomes W [w]
- R becomes L [l]
- W becomes ZH [Z]
Milduna
- Single vowels
- E becomes Ö: short [9], long [2:]
- Short I is pronounced [I]
- Long O is pronounced [o:]
- U becomes Ö: short [9], long [2:]
- A diphthongs
- EA and OA become EE [e:]
- IA and UA become YY [1:]
- Consonants
- CH becomes SH [S]
- F is dropped
- H becomes G [g]
- J becomes SH [S]
- K is aspirated
- P becomes PF [pf]
- R becomes L [l]
- T is aspirated
- Z becomes S [s]
Oylbesh
- Single vowels
- Long A becomes Å [Q:]
- E becomes Ö: short [9], long [2:]
- Short I is pronounced [I]
- Long O is pronounced [o:]
- U becomes Ü: short [Y], long [y:]
- A diphthongs
- EA and OA become ÖÖ [2:]
- IA and UA become ÜÜ [y:]
- I diphthongs
- AI becomes ÅÅ [Q:]
- EI becomes EE [e:]
- OI becomes OO [o:]
- UI becomes UU [u:]
- Consonants
- CH becomes J [j]
- F is dropped
- H becomes G [g]
- K is aspirated
- P becomes PF [pf]
- R becomes L [l]
- T is aspirated
Porpic
- Single vowels
- A is pronounced [@]
- E becomes Ö: short [9], long [2:]
- Short I is pronounced [I], long I becomes Ü [y:]
- Long O is pronounced [o:]
- U becomes Ü: short [Y], long [y:]
- A diphthongs
- EA and OA become ÖÖ [2:]
- IA and UA become ÜÜ [y:]
- I diphthongs
- AI becomes ÅÅ [Q:]
- EI becomes EE [e:]
- OI becomes OO [o:], after a bilabial consonant [2:]
- UI becomes UU [u:], after a consonant [M:]
- Consonants
- CH is dropped at the beginning of a word, otherwise it becomes J [j]
- F is dropped
- H becomes G [g]
- J is dropped at the beginning of a word
- K is aspirated
- P becomes PF [pf]
- R becomes L [l]
- T is aspirated
Putali
- Single vowels
- Long A is pronounced [A:]
- Long E is pronounced [e:]
- Short I is pronounced [I]
- Long O is pronounced [o:]
- U is pronounced [}]
- A diphthongs
- EA and OA become ÖÖ [2:]
- IA and UA become II [i:], at the beginning of a word ÜÜ [y:]
- I diphthongs
- AI is pronounced [6I]
- UI becomes II [i:] after W
- Consonants
- CH becomes J [j]
- K, P and T are aspirated
- H becomes G [g]
- L becomes W [w]
- R becomes L [l]
Riftaly
- Single vowels
- Long A is pronounced [A:]
- Long E is pronounced [e:]
- Short I is pronounced [I] at the beginning of a word
- Long O is pronounced [o:]
- Short U is pronounced [M] at the beginning of a word
- A diphthongs
- EA, IA, OA and UA become ÖÖ [2:]
- I diphthongs
- AI is pronounced AY [6Y]
- EI is pronounced IU [IU]
- Consonants
- P, K and T are dropped at the end of a syllable
- In other positions, P/T/K are aspirated
- G becomes J [j]
- H becomes G [g]
- K becomes Q [q_h]
- L is dropped
- R becomes L [l]
- W becomes ZH [Z]
Ursia
- Single vowels
- E becomes Ö: short [9], long [2:]
- Short I is pronounced [I]
- Long O is pronounced [o:]
- U becomes Ü: short [Y], long [y:]
- A diphthongs
- EA and OA become EE [e:]
- IA and UA become II [i:]
- Consonants
- CH becomes J [j]
- F is dropped
- H becomes G [g]
- K is aspirated
- P becomes PF [pf]
- R becomes L [l]
- T is aspirated