Difference between revisions of "Zadania"

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:''For the historical eastern German provinces, see [[Eastern Germany]]''
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'''Zadania''', officially the '''Democratic People's Republic of Zadania''' ('''DPRZ'''), German ''Demokratische Volksrepublik Zadania'' (''DVZ''), is one of the world’s leading industrialized nations, located in the heart of [[Vaagsfjord]]. Known for its beautiful scenery, Zadania has a strong tradition of democratic socialism and international cooperation.  
 
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'''East Zadania''', officially the '''People's Democratic Republic of Zadania''' ('''PDRZ'''), German ''Demokratische Volksrepublik der Zadania'' (''DVZ''), was a [[Communist state|Communist Party-led state]] that existed from [[1949]] to [[1990]] in the former Soviet occupation zone of [[Nazi Germany|Germany]]. The GDR was proclaimed in the [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] sector of [[Berlin]] on [[October 7]], [[1949]]. It was declared fully sovereign in [[1954]], but Soviet troops remained on grounds of the four-power [[Potsdam Conference|Potsdam agreement]], largely to counteract the [[United States|American]] presence in [[West Germany]] during the [[Cold War]]. East Germany was a member of the [[Warsaw Pact]]. Following elections, it merged into the [[Federal Republic of Germany]] in [[1990]].
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<table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="right" style="margin-left:0.5em;" width="300px">
 
<table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="right" style="margin-left:0.5em;" width="300px">
<caption><font size="+1">'''Deutsche Demokratische Republik'''</font></caption>
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<caption><font size="+1">'''Demokratische Volksrepublik der Zadania'''</font></caption>
 
<tr><td style="background:#efefef;" align="center" colspan="2">
 
<tr><td style="background:#efefef;" align="center" colspan="2">
 
<table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0">
 
<table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0">
<tr><td align="center" width="140px">http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/a/a0/Germany_flag_1949_east.png|Flag of the (former) German Democratic Republic
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<tr><td align="center" width="140px">http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/a/a0/Germany_flag_1949_east.png Flag of the Democratic People's Republic of Zadania
<td align="center" width="140px">[[Image:GDRcoatofarms.PNG|100px]]
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<td align="center" width="140px">http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f5/100px-GDRcoatofarms.PNG
<tr><td align="center" width="140px">([[Flag of East Germany|GDR Flag]])
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<tr><td align="center" width="140px">[[Flag (Zadania) | DPRZ Flag]]
<td align="center" width="140px">([[Coat of Arms of East Germany|GDR Coat of Arms]])
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<td align="center" width="140px">[[State Emblem (Zadania) | DPRZ State Emblem]]
 
</table>
 
</table>
<tr><td align="center" colspan=2 style="border-bottom:3px solid gray;"><font size="-1">''National [[motto]]: none''</font>
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<tr><td align="center" colspan=2 style="border-bottom:3px solid gray;"><font size="-1">''
<tr><td align="center" colspan=2>[[Image:LocationEastGermany.png|LocationEastGermany.png]]
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[http://home.t-online.de/home/Meike.Wulf/index/assets/multimedia/hon1.wav National Motto:] Vorwärts immer, rückwärts nimmer! (Forwards always, backwards never!)''</font>  
<tr><td>[[Official language]] <td>[[German_language|German]]
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<tr><td>[[language|Official Language]] <td>[[German]]
<tr><td>[[Capital]] <td>[[East Berlin]] official: "Berlin, Hauptstadt der DDR" (Berlin, Capital of the GDR)
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<tr><td>[[Capital]] <td>[[East Berlin]] official: "Berlin, Hauptstadt der DVZ" (Berlin, Capital of the DPRZ)
<tr><td>[[Area]]<td> [[1 E11 m2|108,333 km²]]
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<tr><td>Area<td> 108,333 km²
<tr><td>[[Population]]<br/>&nbsp;-&nbsp;Total&nbsp;(1989)<br/>&nbsp;- [[Population density|Density]]<td><br/>17,000,000<br/>154/km&sup2;
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<tr><td>[[Region]]<td>[[Vaagsfjord]]
<tr><td>Constitution <td>[[October 7]], [[1949]]
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<tr><td>Currency <td>1 Mark (''[[Ostmark|Ostmark]]'') = <br/>100 Pfennig
<tr><td>[[Currency]] <td>1 Mark (''[[East German mark|Ostmark]]'') = <br/>100 Pfennig
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<tr><td>Time zone<br/>&nbsp;- in summer<td>CET (UTC+1)<br/>CEST (UTC+2)
<tr><td>[[Time zone]]<br/>&nbsp;- in [[daylight saving time|summer]]<td>[[Central European Time|CET]] ([[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]]+1)<br/>[[Central European Summer Time|CEST]] ([[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]]+2)
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<tr><td>National anthem <td>[[Auferstanden aus Ruinen]]<br/>(Risen from Ruins)
<tr><td>[[National anthem]] <td>[[Auferstanden aus Ruinen]]<br/>(Risen from ruins)
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<tr><td>Calling Code<td>+37  
<tr><td>[[List of country calling codes|Calling Code]]<td>+37 (''obsolete'')
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<tr><td>ISO 3166-1<td>DD  
<tr><td>[[ISO 3166-1]]<td>DD (''obsolete'')
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<tr><td>ISO 3166-3<td>DDDE
<tr><td>[[ISO 3166-3]]<td>DDDE
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<tr><td>Internet TLD<td>.dd  
<tr><td>[[Top-level domain|Internet TLD]]<td>[[.dd]] (''obsolete'')
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</table>
 
</table>
  
 
== History ==
 
== History ==
''Main articles: [[History of East Germany]], [[History of Germany]]''
 
  
At the end of [[World War II]], at the [[Potsdam Conference]] in [[1945]], the victorious countries [[France]], the [[United Kingdom]], the [[United States]] and the [[Soviet Union]] decided to divide [[Germany]] into four zones of occupation. Each country would control a part of Germany until its sovereignty was restored.
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The end of the [[Great War]] was accompanied by the destruction of fascism in Zadania.  The victorious nations divided pre-war Zadania into zones of occupation.  These zones were to exist as a transitional stage until sovereignty could be restored to the Zadanian people and nation.  Various negotiations led to the planned occupation and administration of post-war Zadania.  The [[States (Zadania) | states (Länder)]] of Mecklenburg, Brandenburg, Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt, Thuringia, and the eastern sector of Greater Berlin fell into a region designated [[Zone Delta | Occupation Zone Delta]].  This region was to be administered by the [[Hardangerjokulenland | Federal Democratic Republic of Hardangerjokulenland]].  Succeeding disagreements and objections regarding economic development led Hardangerjokulenland  to withdraw from the proposed outline and initiate post-war occupation independent of the other powers. The remaining occupation zones were eventually consolidated into a single independent entity.  This entity later became the Federal Republic of Zadania (FRZ), commonly known as West Zadania.
  
The territories of East Germany were initially settled by [[Slavic peoples|Slavic]] [[Wends]] and conquered by [[Germany]] in [[Middle Ages]].  The newly acquired land was organised in [[margravate]]s, German feudal states on the land of Slavs. Consequent waves of German settlements, later also Jewish and French Hugenots, gradually advert ethnic composition of land, except the small community of [[Sorbs]] in [[Lusatia]]. Most of East Germany became later part of [[Kingdom of Prussia]].
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Following the formation of the FRZ, a congress organized by the [[Socialist Unity Party of Zadania]] (German Sozialistische Einheitspartei Zadania) adopted a [[constitution (Zadania) | constitution]] establishing the Democratic People’s Republic of Zadania.  [[Klaus Hemmersbach]] became the country's first president and [[Stefan Ischinger]] its first prime minister, with [[Wolfgang Laupert]] as first deputy prime minister.
  
In [[Imperial Germany]] and [[Weimar Republic]] territory that would become East Germany was situated in the center of the state. This territory was known as "Mitteldeutschland" (Middle Germany), while "East" was reserved for provinces such as eastern [[Pomerania]], eastern [[Brandenburg]], [[Silesia]] and [[East Prussia|East]] and [[West Prussia]]. During WWII, Allied leaders decided at the [[Yalta Conference]] that post-war borders of Poland would be moved westward to the [[Oder-Neisse line]], just as Soviet borders were also moved westward into formerly Polish territory.
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Initial periods of democratic stability were disrupted by takeovers within the republic. Laupert, who was first secretary of the [[Socialist Unity Party of Zadania|SEZ]] emerged as the leader of East Zadania.  Under Laupert, the country became closely aligned with [[Hardangerjokulenland]].  After the death of [[Klaus Hemmersbach | Hemmersbach]], the office of president was replaced by a Council of State, with [[Wolfgang Laupert | Laupert]] as its chairman.  Laupert had now consolidated power as acting executive of numerous state councils and wielded power through a highly restrictive single party apparatus in which he held complete control over the security forces. In order to reduce the large flow of persons leaving East Zadania many of whom crossed from East to West Berlin, a wall was erected between the two parts of the city; it was later reinforced and enlarged.  The [[Berlin Wall]], as it came to be known, drastically cut the number of emigrants, and gradually this had the effect of solidifying East Zadania as an independent country.
  
Discussions at Yalta and Potsdam also outlined the planned occupation and administration of post-war Germany under a four-power [[Allied Control Council]], or ACC (composed of the United States, United Kingdom, France, and the Soviet Union). <!-- Note the a-umlaut in the word! a-umlaut is a completely different letter than a, and lander is something completely different then Länder --> The ''Länder'' (states) of [[Mecklenburg]], [[Brandenburg]], [[Saxony]], [[Saxony-Anhalt]], [[Thuringia]], and the eastern sector of Greater Berlin fell in the Soviet Sector of Germany, or SBZ. Soviet objections to economic and political reforms in western (US, UK, and French) occupation zones led to Soviet withdrawal from the ACC in 1948 and subsequent evolution of the SBZ into the GDRConcurrently, the western occupation zones consolidated to form the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG, or [[West Germany]]).
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Within years economic collapse seemed imminent. The [[Wolfgang Laupert | Laupert]] regime initiated a [[ New Economic System (Zadania) | “New Economic System,]] calling for more efficient and decentralized economic planning.  As a result, East Zadania's economy expanded considerably.  The DPRZ experienced its own "[[economic miracle (Zadania)|economic miracle]]", allowing the nation to reach the forefront of economic advancement.   
  
East Germany adopted a socialist republic and became part of the [[Warsaw Pact]], while West Germany became a liberal parliamentary republic and part of [[NATO]].
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Eventually, [[Wolfgang Laupert | Laupert]] resigned as first secretary of the [[Socialist Unity Party of Zadania|SEZ]] as well as from his position of the Council of State and was replaced by [[Johannes Dannenberg]].  Dannenberg initiated political reform whose effects exist to this today. Under Dannenberg, most of the few remaining private enterprises were taken over by the state.  In addition, checks on intellectual and cultural activities were relaxed.  The political system under Dannenberg was greatly decentralized allowing for the creation of limited alternative parties.  In addition, Dannenberg reversed his predecessor’s discriminating trade policies and opened the DPRZ’s economy to all nations.  As trade between the two Zadanias increased relations eased, and eventually  travel restrictions were eased so that West Zadanians could visit the East, and later, in the East Zadanians were allowed to travel to West Zadania.  The Dannenberg era witnessed a reversal of power fortification by party leaders andconcentrated on gradual political reform while solidifying the nation’s centrally-planned economy and socialist philosophy.
  
The first leader of the GDR was [[Walter Ulbricht]]. The [[East German Constitution]] defined the country as "a Republic of Workers and Peasants."
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It had appeared that the Socialist experiment was working.  The continued growth of the economy guaranteed the promises of the government. The citizens of East Zadania experienced one of the greatest economic growths in history; however, soon the miracle system began to die.  Stagnation, inefficiency, and inflation crippled the economy.  Protests, labor strikes, and demonstrations slowly destroyed the state.  The death of [[Johannes Dannenberg]] symbolized the demise of the old guard and the demands of the new generation.  East Zadania had failed to realize the burdens of the new world environment, and had lost sight of its primary goal, the happiness of mankind.
  
On [[June 17]], [[1953]], following a production quota increase of 10 percent for workers building East Berlin's new showcase boulevard, the [[Stalinallee]], demonstrations broke out in [[East Berlin]] and other industrial centers. Later that day, Soviet troops and tanks suppressed the demonstrations killing at least 125. See [[Straße des 17. Juni]] and [[Workers' Uprising of 1953 in East Germany]].
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Following Dannenberg’s death, a power struggle ensued.  Within months, however, [[Daniel Richter]] gained support and became the new General Secretary of the Central Committee of the [[Socialist Unity Party of Zadania]].  Daniel Richter received little popular support despite his promises for economic and political reformation.  At the Thirteenth Party congress, Richter announced rennovation of the nation's electoral process, possibly leading to open elections.  Richter promised elections in which the power would “for once be put in the hands of the people.”  In addition, Richter announced that decentralization of economic decisions would continue. Richter, surprisingly, was elected state president in the nation's elections. The elections saw greater participation of other parties, however, was still strictly limited by the DPRZ's [[Alliance Policy (Zadania)|alliance policy (Bündnispolitik)]].  Richter displayed East Zadania to the world as a nation of perseverance; a nation that could and would survive.
  
Just as Germany was divided after the war, [[Berlin]], the former capital, of Germany was divided into four sectors.  
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In January of 2003, [[Dieter Lambsdorff]] was elected General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Socialist Unity Party of Zadania.  Within weeks he replaced Danial Richter as Chairman of the Council of State Lambsdorff promised to improve relations with all nations, continue economic reform, continue reform of the electoral system, destroy remaining obstructions to freedom of expression and demonstration, and to make East Zadania “a state of peace and socialism.”  Lambsdorff within weeks secured the DPRZ’s membership in the United Nations, and personally resolved a labor dispute with the nation’s automobile manufacturing industry.  During this time period, East Zadania was confronted with numerous international incidents including the problems arising from disputes with The United Socialist States of [[Faybian]]. On 7 October 2003, the anniversary of the nation’s founding, Lambsdorff addressed the nation. In his address, Lambsdorff announced plans to raise living standards, promising that the nation’s primary concern was consumer satisfaction.  In addition, he promised to double the nation’s GDP and to secure peace with all nations.  Near the end of his speech, Lambsdorff recognized that his nation had experienced troubles, and that it had made mistakes in the past.  In ending, Lambsdorff ordered the DPRZ’s borders to be opened. 
Since Berlin was entirely enclosed in the Soviet part of Germany, the areas of Berlin being held under the control of the three western countries soon became known as [[West Berlin]].  
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Conflict over the status of West Berlin led to the [[Berlin Airlift]]. The increasing prosperity of West Germany and growing political oppression in the East led large numbers of East Germans to flee to the West.  
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On the morning of 27 January 2005, [[Dieter Lambsdorff]] announced that the revival of the nation was well in progress. In the middle of a frigid [[Alexanderplatz]], Lambsdorff announced, “Zadania has arisen from the abyss, and he wakes eternally!”  His allusions to the rise of East Zadania following the great destruction of the [[Great War]] caused the gathered crowd, with great ecstasy, to begin singing the national anthem, [[Auferstanden aus Ruinen]].  Approximately one month later on 26 February, Lamsdorff announced the legalization of small-market capitalism in some sectors of the economy.  Lambsdorff defended the action as a requirement to fulfill the "promise given to the people upon this nation's founding."
  
Competition with the West was carried also on the sport level.
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== Geography ==
East German athletes were sure winners in several [[Olympic Games|Olympic]] disciplines. Of special interest was the only football match ever between West and East Germany, a first round match during the 1974 World Cup.  Though West Germany was the host and the eventual champion, East beat West 1-0.
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Since the 1940s, refugees had been leaving the Soviet zone of Germany to start a new life in the west. Although the inner-German border was largely closed by the mid-1950s (see [[DDR border system]]), the sector borders in Berlin were relatively easy to cross. In the night of [[August 13]] [[1961]], East German troops sealed the border between West and East Berlin, and started to build the [[Berlin Wall]], literally surrounding West Berlin. Travel was greatly restricted into, and out of, East Germany. The [[Stasi]] spied extensively on the citizens to suppress dissenters through its network of 175,000 informants and 90,000 agents.
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=== Physical Environment ===
  
In [[1971]], [[Erich Honecker]] replaced Ulbricht in a technical coup with Soviet blessing.  East Germany was generally regarded as the most economically advanced member of the [[Warsaw Pact]]. Before the 1970s, the official position of West Germany was that of the [[Hallstein Doctrine]] which involved non-recognition of East Germany. In the early 1970s, [[Ostpolitik]] led by [[Willy Brandt]] led to a form of mutual recognition between East and West Germany.
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East Zadania lies in the heart of the northern [[Vaagsfjord | Vaagsfjordian]] plain. The terrain is gentle, and the landscape is marked by few sharp contrasts.  Landform areas merge into one another; no significant natural boundaries bar communications or distinguish one section of the country from another. The country, however, can be roughly divided into geographic regions. The northern plain covers most of the country and contains the coastal area in the far north and the lowlands in the center. The uplands consist of notable mountains and remarkable rolling hills that cover the southern section.
  
In August [[1989]] [[Hungary]] removed its border restrictions and several thousand people fled East Germany by crossing the "green" border into Hungary and then on to [[Austria]] and West Germany. Many others peacefully demonstrated against the ruling party. These demonstrations eventually forced the resignation of Honecker; in October he was replaced, albeit briefly, by [[Egon Krenz]].
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=== Political Subdivisions ===
  
On [[November 9]] [[1989]] the Berlin Wall opened, resulting in emotional scenes as hundreds of thousands of East Germans crossed into West Berlin (and West Germany) for the first time. Soon the whole socialist system of East Germany fell away.  Although there were some small attempts to create a non-socialist East Germany, these were soon overwhelmed by calls for reunification with [[West Germany]].  After some negotiations (2+4 Talks, involving the two Germanies and the victory powers [[United States]], [[France]], [[Britain]], and the [[Soviet Union]]), conditions for [[German reunification]] were agreed on.  Thus, on [[October 3]] [[1990]] the East German population was the first from the [[Eastern Bloc]] to join the [[European Union]] as a part of the reunified [[Federal Republic of Germany]]. The East German territory was reorganized into what is now the city of Berlin and five states, reconstituting political entities that had been abolished in [[1950]].  
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The DPRZ is divided into fifteen [[Districts (Zadania) | districts (Bezirke)]], each named after the largest city: [[Rostock]]; [[Schwerin]]; [[Neubrandenburg]]; [[Magdeburg]]; [[Potsdam]]; [[Berlin (District)]]; [[Frankfurt]]; [[Cottbus]]; [[Halle]]; [[Erfurt]]; [[Leipzig]]; [[Dresden]]; [[Karl-Marx-Stadt]]; [[Gera]]; [[Suhl]].
  
To this day, there remain many differences between the formerly "eastern" and "western" parts of [[Germany]] (e.g. in lifestyle, wealth, political beliefs and such) and thus it is still common to speak of eastern and western Germany distinctly. The Eastern German economy has struggled since German unification, and large subsidies are still transferred from west to east.
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=== Population Distribution ===
  
== Politics ==
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East Zadania has many large cities; however, the largest by far is [[East Berlin | Berlin]].  The population is thus much less centralized and oriented towards a single large capital than in most other nations.  By far the largest urban conurbation is the Berlin region including the Potsdam district. Other large heavily populated areas are the Erzgebirge foothills around Karl-Marx-Stadt and Zwickau, the central Elbe valley around Dresden, as well as the Halle-Leipzig area.
''Main article: [[Politics of East Germany]]''
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The equivalent of the Communist Party in the GDR was the ''Sozialistische Einheitspartei Deutschlands'' ([[Socialist Unity Party of Germany]], SED), which along with other parties, was part of the National Front of Democratic Germany. It was created in 1946 through the merger of the [[Communist Party of Germany]] (KPD) and the [[Social Democratic Party of Germany]] (SPD) in the Soviet controlled zone, although the SPD remained a separate party in East Berlin. Following reunification, the SED was renamed the [[Party of Democratic Socialism]] (PDS).
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== Society ==
  
The other political parties ran under the joint slate of the [[National Front (East Germany)|National Front]], controlled by the SED, for elections to the [[Volkskammer]], the East German Parliament.  In [[West Germany]], the Communist Party was banned.
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=== Population Demographics ===
  
#''Christlich-Demokratische Union Deutschlands'' ([[Christian Democratic Union (East Germany)|Christian Democratic Union of Germany]], CDU), merged with the West-German [[Christian Democratic Union of Germany|CDU]] after reunification
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East Zadania contains no minority groups of any significant size.  Most citizens identify themselves as Zadanians, culturally and linguistically. The government, has encouraged the development among its citizens of an East Zadanian national consciousness distinct from that of West Zadanians. It has adopted a [[ Two-Nation Policy (Zadania) | "two-nation" policy]] and has pointed to divergences in culture, language, and socioeconomic development as proof that a single Zadanian nation no longer exists.  Recently the government, led under the emerging [[Dieter Lambsdorff]], has begun to reinitiate the idea of a unified Zadania.  Most East Zadanians believe that they share with their West Zadanian counterparts a Zadanian nationality that is based on a common ethnic heritage and shared historical experiences. 
#''Demokratische Bauernpartei Deutschlands'' ([[Democratic Farmers' Party of Germany]], DBD), merged with the West-German [[Christian Democratic Union of Germany|CDU]] after reunification
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#''Liberal-Demokratische Partei Deutschlands'' ([[Liberal Democratic Party of Germany]], LDPD), merged with the West-German [[Free Democratic Party of Germany|FDP]] after reunification
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#''Nationaldemokratische Partei Deutschlands'' ([[National Democratic Party of Germany (East Germany)|National Democratic Party of Germany]], NDPD), merged with the West-German [[Free Democratic Party of Germany|FDP]] after reunification
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The Volkskammer also included representatives from the ''mass organisations'' like the [[Free German Youth]] (''Freie Deutsche Jugend'' or ''FDJ''), or the [[Free German Trade Union Federation]]. In an attempt to include women in the political life in the GDR, there was even a [[Democratic Women's Federation of Germany]] with seats in the Volksammer.
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=== Language ===
  
Non-parliamentary mass organisations which nevertheless played a key role in East German society included the German Gymnastics and Sports Association (''Deutscher Turn- und Sportbund'' or ''DTSB'') and People's Solidarity (''Volkssolidarität'', an organisation for the elderly). Another society of note (and very popular during the late 1980s) was the [[Society for German-Soviet Friendship]].
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Language is perhaps the most significant expression of a common Zadanian nationality. The [[German]] language is spoken by millions of people of Vaagsfjord, including peoples living in the two Zadanian states, [[Hardangerjokulenland]], [[Vorsehung]], [[Tor_Korxum]], as well as throughout the world. In addition the language has a significance beyond its everyday use. German-speaking people have made important contributions to science, literature, and philosophy.  
  
===Politicians of note in the GDR===
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Most Zadanians write and speak the standard form of [[German]] with little difficulty, although dialects continue to be used among family and friends and on informal occasions. (Differences in dialect are based on divergences in pronunciation, use of expressions, intonation, syntax, and the meaning given to specific words.)
  
Leaders - ''see also [[Leaders of East Germany]]''
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=== Religion ===
*[[Erich Honecker]]
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*[[Walter Ulbricht]]
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*[[Wilhelm Pieck]]
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*[[Otto Grotewohl]]
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*[[Willi Stoph]]
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*[[Egon Krenz]]
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*[[Hans Modrow]], last socialist head of government
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*[[Lothar de Maiziere]], first non-socialist and last head of government
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Others
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The relationships between religion, citizens, and the state has developed dramatically since the DPRZ's creation.  Most East Zadanians are [[Christianity | Protestant]]. The number of Protestants was estimated to be just under half the population.  About 7 percent were [[Roman Catholicism | Roman Catholics]]. Other religions accounted for less than 1 percent of the population.  The remaining population is either non-religious; or declines to declare a religion. According to the Constitution, freedom of religion and worship is the right of every citizen. In reality relations between church and state have vacillated over the years. All organizations within the socialist structure of society are designed to work together in developing a new socialist person and in restructuring society.  Therefore the state usually does not tolerate organizations outside of those officially sanctioned by the [[Socialist Unity Party of Zadania | SEZ]]; however, recent reforms have initiated great change.  The state, as described by Chairman [[Dieter Lambsdorff | Lambsdorff]],  "should have nothing to do with the church, just as the church should have nothing to do with the state."  Lambsdorff in addition replaced the DPRZ's traditional aggressive [[Atheism | athiest]] stance with one of [[agnosticism | agnostic]] skeptcism.
*[[Erich Mielke]]
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*[[Günter Mittag]]
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*[[Günter Schabowski]]
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*[[Robert Havemann]]
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*[[Gregor Gysi]]
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*[[Harry Tisch]]
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*[[Hermann Axen]]
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*[[Hilde Benjamin]]
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*[[Johannes R. Becher]]
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== Subdivisions ==
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===Culture===
''Main article: [[Subdivisions of East Germany]]''
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In 1952, the ''[[States of Germany|Länder]]'' of East Germany were abolished, and the GDR was divided into fifteen ''Bezirke'' (districts), each named after the largest city: [[Rostock]]; [[Schwerin]]; [[Neubrandenburg]]; [[Magdeburg]]; [[Potsdam]]; [[Berlin]]; [[Frankfurt (Oder)]]; [[Cottbus]]; [[Halle, Saxony-Anhalt|Halle]]; [[Erfurt]]; [[Leipzig]]; [[Dresden]]; [[Karl-Marx-Stadt]] (now again [[Chemnitz]]); [[Gera]]; [[Suhl]]
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In addition to a common ethnic heritage and language, the Zadanian people share certain social values.  The Zadanian world view and value system are products of Teutonic pagan cosmology, JudeoChristian tradition, and modern eighteenth- and nineteenthcentury philosophies. The pre-Christian conception of the world pitted the bravery and stoicism of man against the harsh and oppressive forces at work in the world. A thread of tragedy ran through life, but it was blended with romanticism and mystical idealism. Lutheran Christianity, the religious tradition that most profoundly influenced Zadanian thinking, emphasized individual morality and conceived of man as essentially frail and full of guilt. Man could cleanse himself only through penance and devotion to the Almighty. The rationalist systems of later Zadanians represented the culmination of Enlightenment philosophies. Munificence and [[agnosticism]] lay at the basis of current-day philosophic and economic view.
  
== Economy ==
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These different and, in many cases, contradictory religious and philosophical currents have produced a Zadanian who is stereotypically characterized as inward looking, vulnerable, sorrowful, and full of self-doubt. He combines the sober qualities of industry, intelligence, honesty, obstinacy and cleanliness with a certain sentimentality and gaiety. He is extremely disciplined and exhibits a penchant for order and authority. He admires courage and physical and moral strength. There is a certain validity in this character description insofar as it is based on a common set of experiences and traditions. As with all stereotypical descriptions, however, it constitutes a distortion of reality when applied to the individual.
''Main article: [[Economy of East Germany]]''
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== Demographics ==
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''Main article: [[Demographics of East Germany]]''
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== Culture ==
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''Main article: [[Culture of East Germany]]''
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<table border="1" align="center" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0">
 
<table border="1" align="center" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0">
 
<caption><font size="+1">'''Holidays'''</font></caption>
 
<caption><font size="+1">'''Holidays'''</font></caption>
 
<tr style="background:#efefef;"><th>Date<th>English Name<th>Local Name<th>Remarks
 
<tr style="background:#efefef;"><th>Date<th>English Name<th>Local Name<th>Remarks
<tr><td>[[January 1]]<td>[[New Year's Day]]<td>Neujahr<td>&nbsp;
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<tr><td>January 1<td>New Year's Day<td>Neujahr<td>&nbsp;
<tr><td>''[[Moveable feast]]''<td>[[Good Friday]]<td>Karfreitag<td>[[Easter]]
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<tr><td>May 1<td>May Day<td>Tag der Arbeit<td>Labor Day
<tr><td>''[[Moveable feast]]''<td>[[Pentecost|Whitmonday]]<td>Pfingstmontag<td>51 days after Easter
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<tr><td>October 7<td>Republic Day<td>Tag der Republik<td>National holiday
<tr><td>[[May 1]]<td>[[May Day]]<td>Tag der Arbeit<td>Labour Day
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<tr><td>December 25<td>Christmas Day<td>1. Weihnachtsfeiertag<td>&nbsp;
<tr><td>[[October 7]]<td>Republic Day<td>Tag der Republik<td>National holiday
+
<tr><td>December 26<td>Boxing Day<td>2. Weihnachtsfeiertag<td>&nbsp;
<tr><td>[[December 25]]<td>[[Christmas Day]]<td>1. Weihnachtsfeiertag<td>&nbsp;
+
<tr><td>[[December 26]]<td>[[Boxing Day]]<td>2. Weihnachtsfeiertag<td>&nbsp;
+
 
</table>
 
</table>
  
== Miscellaneous topics ==
+
=== Mass Organization ===
''Main article: [[List of German Democratic Republic-related topics]]''
+
 
 +
The mass organizations are an integral part of society. They serve to integrate the individual into the social and political life of the country and are designed to produce the unity of interests that lay at the base of a socialist system of government.  They have been created from above to mobilize the public and to provide channels through which national policies can effectively be implemented.  The three largest organizatons within the DPRZ are: The [[Free Zadanian Trade Union Federation]] German ''Freier Zadanian Gewerkschaftsbund'' and the [[Free Zadanian Youth]] German ''Freie Zadanian Jugend''.
 +
 
 +
=== Education ===
 +
 
 +
Compulsory education begins at the age of six, when every child enters the ten-grade, coeducational general polytechnical school. The primary stage introduces children to the basic skills as well as the fundamentals of good citizenship and provides them with their "first knowledge and understanding of nature, work, and socialist society."  Instruction emphasizes German language, literature, and art as a means of developing the child's expressive and linguistic skills.  Mathematics instruction accounts for about 24 percent of the curriculum and includes an introduction to fundamental mathematical laws and relations.  Another 8 percent is devoted to physical education.  Polytechnical instruction also begins at the primary level and consists of gardening and crafts that give the child a basic appreciation of technology, the economy, and the worker. 
 +
 
 +
An intermediate stage in the child's education begins in grade four and continues through grade six.  The study of [[Russian]] is introduced at this stage.  Natural and social sciences also becomes part of the curriculum and together with mathematics forms about 26 percent of instruction time.  During this stage of the young person's education, the political-ideological content of the curriculum becomes increasingly important.  The curriculum emphasizes the connection between education and work, and it acquaints pupils in a more detailed way with the life of society and with work, science, technology, and culture.  The development of a socialist personality, especially a socialist attitude toward work, is a major objective.
 +
 
 +
The final stage of polytechnical schooling comprises grades seven through ten.  Polytechnical instruction includes courses in technical drawing, socialist production, and productive work.  The pupil spends one day per week in practical training, working alongside regular employees at a nearby factory or agricultural cooperative.  About 14 percent of the curriculum is devoted to polytechnical instruction during this stage. Science education as well as mathematics is continued extensively.  A third foreign language, generally [[English]], is introduced at the upper grade levels.
 +
 
 +
The polytechnical curriculum gradually accords a prominent role to science and technology, reflecting Zadania’s need for technically trained individuals.  The curriculum balanced scientific knowledge with ideological instruction to produce "a scientific view of life" according to socialist philosophy.  Theory is related to practice through polytechnical training, and the child is expected to grasp a basic understanding of productive relationships.
 +
 
 +
The educational system's major goal is producing technically qualified personnel to fill the manpower needs of the economy.  The government guarantees employment to those who complete the mandatory ten-year program.
 +
 
 +
Upon completion of the compulsory ten-year education, the student has essentially three options.  The most frequently chosen option is to begin a two-year period of vocational training.  Approximately 86 percent of those who have completed their ten-year course of study begin some kind of vocational training.  During vocational training, the student becomes an apprentice.  Students receive eighteen months of training in selected vocations and specialized in the final six months.  Approximately 6 percent of those who have completed their polytechnical education enter a three-year program of vocational training.  This program leads to the [[Abitur]].  Passing the Abitur enables the student to apply to a technical institute or university.
 +
 
 +
A final option is the extended polytechnical education.  Approximately 8.3 percent of those completing their general schooling continue in extended polytechnical programs.  The curriculum continues the general education provided at the lower grades, but instruction is more intensive and geared specifically to university entry.  The extended schools have instruction through grade twelve.  A thirteenth year is spent in practical training.  This year is meant to instill in the student an appreciation of labor and to prevent an elitist attitude from emerging among those who went on for higher education.
 +
 
 +
After passing the [[Abitur]] examination and completing a year of practical training, the student can apply to either a university or a technical institute.  Women make up about 50 percent of the student population at these institutions.  Courses in engineering and technology head the list of popular subjects.  Medicine, economics, and education are also popular choices.
 +
 
 +
== Economy ==
 +
 
 +
===Resource Base===
 +
 
 +
===Economic Policy and Performance===
 +
 
 +
===Economic Sectors===
 +
 
 +
== Government and Politics ==
 +
 
 +
=== Constitution ===
 +
The [[constitution (Zadania) | constitution]] promulgated on October 7 of the nation's founding was based on a parliamentary-democratic model. In fact, however, the various parliamentary-democratic provisions of the constitution did not hinder the emergence of a centralized and authoritarian political order under the hegemony of the [[Socialist Unity Party of Zadania|SEZ]].  This authoritarian characterisic is being eroded by political reforms of current Chairman [[Dieter Lambsdorff|Lambsdorff]].
 +
 
 +
=== Structure of Government ===
 +
 
 +
=== Political Parties ===
 +
 
 +
=== Foreign Policy===
 +
 
 +
== National Security ==
 +
 
 +
We place barcodes on all citizens. We need to keep the people in line. 
  
*Highest point: Fichtelberg (1,214 m)
+
=== Armed Forces ===
*[[Conscientious objection in East Germany]]
+
*[[Education in East Germany]]
+
*[[Tourism in East Germany]]
+
*[[National People's Army]]
+
*[[Volkspolizei]]
+
*[[Radio Berlin International]]
+
  
== External links ==
+
=== Paramilitary Forces ===
*[http://montages.blogspot.com/2005/01/politics-of-mourning.html "The Politics of Mourning"]
+
*[http://www.axishistory.com/index.php?id=5528 AHF - Nationale Volksarmee (NVA)]
+
*[http://www.auferstanden-aus-ruinen.de/ Auferstanden aus Ruinen] 
+
  
<hr align="center" noshade size="4" width="100%">
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=== Crime and Punishment ===
<center>[[Countries of the world]] &nbsp;|&nbsp; [[Europe]]</center>
+
  
[[da:DDR]]
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== External links ==
[[de:Deutsche Demokratische Republik]]
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[[eo:Germana Demokratia Respubliko]]
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[[es:República Democrática Alemana]]
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[[et:Saksa DV]]
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[[fr:République démocratique allemande]]
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[[id:Jerman Timur]]
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[[it:Germania Est]]
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[[nl:Duitse Democratische Republiek]]
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[[ja:&#12489;&#12452;&#12484;&#27665;&#20027;&#20849;&#21644;&#22269;]]
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[[ko:&#46041;&#46021;]]
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[[pl:Niemiecka Republika Demokratyczna]]
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[[pt:Alemanha Oriental]]
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[[sl:Nem%C5%A1ka demokrati%C4%8Dna republika]]
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[[fi:Saksan demokraattinen tasavalta]]
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[[sv:DDR]]
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[[zh:&#24503;&#24847;&#24535;&#27665;&#20027;&#20849;&#21644;&#22269;]]
+
  
[[Category:Cold War]]
+
[[Category:nations]]
[[Category:East Germany]]
+
[[Category:Former countries|Germany, East]]
+

Latest revision as of 02:21, 17 May 2005

Zadania, officially the Democratic People's Republic of Zadania (DPRZ), German Demokratische Volksrepublik Zadania (DVZ), is one of the world’s leading industrialized nations, located in the heart of Vaagsfjord. Known for its beautiful scenery, Zadania has a strong tradition of democratic socialism and international cooperation.

Demokratische Volksrepublik der Zadania
Germany_flag_1949_east.png Flag of the Democratic People's Republic of Zadania 100px-GDRcoatofarms.PNG
DPRZ Flag DPRZ State Emblem

<tr><td align="center" colspan=2 style="border-bottom:3px solid gray;"> National Motto: Vorwärts immer, rückwärts nimmer! (Forwards always, backwards never!) <tr><td>Official Language <td>German <tr><td>Capital <td>East Berlin official: "Berlin, Hauptstadt der DVZ" (Berlin, Capital of the DPRZ) <tr><td>Area<td> 108,333 km² <tr><td>Region<td>Vaagsfjord <tr><td>Currency <td>1 Mark (Ostmark) =
100 Pfennig <tr><td>Time zone
 - in summer<td>CET (UTC+1)
CEST (UTC+2) <tr><td>National anthem <td>Auferstanden aus Ruinen
(Risen from Ruins) <tr><td>Calling Code<td>+37 <tr><td>ISO 3166-1<td>DD <tr><td>ISO 3166-3<td>DDDE <tr><td>Internet TLD<td>.dd </table>

History

The end of the Great War was accompanied by the destruction of fascism in Zadania. The victorious nations divided pre-war Zadania into zones of occupation. These zones were to exist as a transitional stage until sovereignty could be restored to the Zadanian people and nation. Various negotiations led to the planned occupation and administration of post-war Zadania. The states (Länder) of Mecklenburg, Brandenburg, Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt, Thuringia, and the eastern sector of Greater Berlin fell into a region designated Occupation Zone Delta. This region was to be administered by the Federal Democratic Republic of Hardangerjokulenland. Succeeding disagreements and objections regarding economic development led Hardangerjokulenland to withdraw from the proposed outline and initiate post-war occupation independent of the other powers. The remaining occupation zones were eventually consolidated into a single independent entity. This entity later became the Federal Republic of Zadania (FRZ), commonly known as West Zadania.

Following the formation of the FRZ, a congress organized by the Socialist Unity Party of Zadania (German Sozialistische Einheitspartei Zadania) adopted a constitution establishing the Democratic People’s Republic of Zadania. Klaus Hemmersbach became the country's first president and Stefan Ischinger its first prime minister, with Wolfgang Laupert as first deputy prime minister.

Initial periods of democratic stability were disrupted by takeovers within the republic. Laupert, who was first secretary of the SEZ emerged as the leader of East Zadania. Under Laupert, the country became closely aligned with Hardangerjokulenland. After the death of Hemmersbach, the office of president was replaced by a Council of State, with Laupert as its chairman. Laupert had now consolidated power as acting executive of numerous state councils and wielded power through a highly restrictive single party apparatus in which he held complete control over the security forces. In order to reduce the large flow of persons leaving East Zadania many of whom crossed from East to West Berlin, a wall was erected between the two parts of the city; it was later reinforced and enlarged. The Berlin Wall, as it came to be known, drastically cut the number of emigrants, and gradually this had the effect of solidifying East Zadania as an independent country.

Within years economic collapse seemed imminent. The Laupert regime initiated a “New Economic System,” calling for more efficient and decentralized economic planning. As a result, East Zadania's economy expanded considerably. The DPRZ experienced its own "economic miracle", allowing the nation to reach the forefront of economic advancement.

Eventually, Laupert resigned as first secretary of the SEZ as well as from his position of the Council of State and was replaced by Johannes Dannenberg. Dannenberg initiated political reform whose effects exist to this today. Under Dannenberg, most of the few remaining private enterprises were taken over by the state. In addition, checks on intellectual and cultural activities were relaxed. The political system under Dannenberg was greatly decentralized allowing for the creation of limited alternative parties. In addition, Dannenberg reversed his predecessor’s discriminating trade policies and opened the DPRZ’s economy to all nations. As trade between the two Zadanias increased relations eased, and eventually travel restrictions were eased so that West Zadanians could visit the East, and later, in the East Zadanians were allowed to travel to West Zadania. The Dannenberg era witnessed a reversal of power fortification by party leaders andconcentrated on gradual political reform while solidifying the nation’s centrally-planned economy and socialist philosophy.

It had appeared that the Socialist experiment was working. The continued growth of the economy guaranteed the promises of the government. The citizens of East Zadania experienced one of the greatest economic growths in history; however, soon the miracle system began to die. Stagnation, inefficiency, and inflation crippled the economy. Protests, labor strikes, and demonstrations slowly destroyed the state. The death of Johannes Dannenberg symbolized the demise of the old guard and the demands of the new generation. East Zadania had failed to realize the burdens of the new world environment, and had lost sight of its primary goal, the happiness of mankind.

Following Dannenberg’s death, a power struggle ensued. Within months, however, Daniel Richter gained support and became the new General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Socialist Unity Party of Zadania. Daniel Richter received little popular support despite his promises for economic and political reformation. At the Thirteenth Party congress, Richter announced rennovation of the nation's electoral process, possibly leading to open elections. Richter promised elections in which the power would “for once be put in the hands of the people.” In addition, Richter announced that decentralization of economic decisions would continue. Richter, surprisingly, was elected state president in the nation's elections. The elections saw greater participation of other parties, however, was still strictly limited by the DPRZ's alliance policy (Bündnispolitik). Richter displayed East Zadania to the world as a nation of perseverance; a nation that could and would survive.

In January of 2003, Dieter Lambsdorff was elected General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Socialist Unity Party of Zadania. Within weeks he replaced Danial Richter as Chairman of the Council of State Lambsdorff promised to improve relations with all nations, continue economic reform, continue reform of the electoral system, destroy remaining obstructions to freedom of expression and demonstration, and to make East Zadania “a state of peace and socialism.” Lambsdorff within weeks secured the DPRZ’s membership in the United Nations, and personally resolved a labor dispute with the nation’s automobile manufacturing industry. During this time period, East Zadania was confronted with numerous international incidents including the problems arising from disputes with The United Socialist States of Faybian. On 7 October 2003, the anniversary of the nation’s founding, Lambsdorff addressed the nation. In his address, Lambsdorff announced plans to raise living standards, promising that the nation’s primary concern was consumer satisfaction. In addition, he promised to double the nation’s GDP and to secure peace with all nations. Near the end of his speech, Lambsdorff recognized that his nation had experienced troubles, and that it had made mistakes in the past. In ending, Lambsdorff ordered the DPRZ’s borders to be opened.

On the morning of 27 January 2005, Dieter Lambsdorff announced that the revival of the nation was well in progress. In the middle of a frigid Alexanderplatz, Lambsdorff announced, “Zadania has arisen from the abyss, and he wakes eternally!” His allusions to the rise of East Zadania following the great destruction of the Great War caused the gathered crowd, with great ecstasy, to begin singing the national anthem, Auferstanden aus Ruinen. Approximately one month later on 26 February, Lamsdorff announced the legalization of small-market capitalism in some sectors of the economy. Lambsdorff defended the action as a requirement to fulfill the "promise given to the people upon this nation's founding."

Geography

Physical Environment

East Zadania lies in the heart of the northern Vaagsfjordian plain. The terrain is gentle, and the landscape is marked by few sharp contrasts. Landform areas merge into one another; no significant natural boundaries bar communications or distinguish one section of the country from another. The country, however, can be roughly divided into geographic regions. The northern plain covers most of the country and contains the coastal area in the far north and the lowlands in the center. The uplands consist of notable mountains and remarkable rolling hills that cover the southern section.

Political Subdivisions

The DPRZ is divided into fifteen districts (Bezirke), each named after the largest city: Rostock; Schwerin; Neubrandenburg; Magdeburg; Potsdam; Berlin (District); Frankfurt; Cottbus; Halle; Erfurt; Leipzig; Dresden; Karl-Marx-Stadt; Gera; Suhl.

Population Distribution

East Zadania has many large cities; however, the largest by far is Berlin. The population is thus much less centralized and oriented towards a single large capital than in most other nations. By far the largest urban conurbation is the Berlin region including the Potsdam district. Other large heavily populated areas are the Erzgebirge foothills around Karl-Marx-Stadt and Zwickau, the central Elbe valley around Dresden, as well as the Halle-Leipzig area.

Society

Population Demographics

East Zadania contains no minority groups of any significant size. Most citizens identify themselves as Zadanians, culturally and linguistically. The government, has encouraged the development among its citizens of an East Zadanian national consciousness distinct from that of West Zadanians. It has adopted a "two-nation" policy and has pointed to divergences in culture, language, and socioeconomic development as proof that a single Zadanian nation no longer exists. Recently the government, led under the emerging Dieter Lambsdorff, has begun to reinitiate the idea of a unified Zadania. Most East Zadanians believe that they share with their West Zadanian counterparts a Zadanian nationality that is based on a common ethnic heritage and shared historical experiences.

Language

Language is perhaps the most significant expression of a common Zadanian nationality. The German language is spoken by millions of people of Vaagsfjord, including peoples living in the two Zadanian states, Hardangerjokulenland, Vorsehung, Tor_Korxum, as well as throughout the world. In addition the language has a significance beyond its everyday use. German-speaking people have made important contributions to science, literature, and philosophy.

Most Zadanians write and speak the standard form of German with little difficulty, although dialects continue to be used among family and friends and on informal occasions. (Differences in dialect are based on divergences in pronunciation, use of expressions, intonation, syntax, and the meaning given to specific words.)

Religion

The relationships between religion, citizens, and the state has developed dramatically since the DPRZ's creation. Most East Zadanians are Protestant. The number of Protestants was estimated to be just under half the population. About 7 percent were Roman Catholics. Other religions accounted for less than 1 percent of the population. The remaining population is either non-religious; or declines to declare a religion. According to the Constitution, freedom of religion and worship is the right of every citizen. In reality relations between church and state have vacillated over the years. All organizations within the socialist structure of society are designed to work together in developing a new socialist person and in restructuring society. Therefore the state usually does not tolerate organizations outside of those officially sanctioned by the SEZ; however, recent reforms have initiated great change. The state, as described by Chairman Lambsdorff, "should have nothing to do with the church, just as the church should have nothing to do with the state." Lambsdorff in addition replaced the DPRZ's traditional aggressive athiest stance with one of agnostic skeptcism.

Culture

In addition to a common ethnic heritage and language, the Zadanian people share certain social values. The Zadanian world view and value system are products of Teutonic pagan cosmology, JudeoChristian tradition, and modern eighteenth- and nineteenthcentury philosophies. The pre-Christian conception of the world pitted the bravery and stoicism of man against the harsh and oppressive forces at work in the world. A thread of tragedy ran through life, but it was blended with romanticism and mystical idealism. Lutheran Christianity, the religious tradition that most profoundly influenced Zadanian thinking, emphasized individual morality and conceived of man as essentially frail and full of guilt. Man could cleanse himself only through penance and devotion to the Almighty. The rationalist systems of later Zadanians represented the culmination of Enlightenment philosophies. Munificence and agnosticism lay at the basis of current-day philosophic and economic view.

These different and, in many cases, contradictory religious and philosophical currents have produced a Zadanian who is stereotypically characterized as inward looking, vulnerable, sorrowful, and full of self-doubt. He combines the sober qualities of industry, intelligence, honesty, obstinacy and cleanliness with a certain sentimentality and gaiety. He is extremely disciplined and exhibits a penchant for order and authority. He admires courage and physical and moral strength. There is a certain validity in this character description insofar as it is based on a common set of experiences and traditions. As with all stereotypical descriptions, however, it constitutes a distortion of reality when applied to the individual.

Holidays
DateEnglish NameLocal NameRemarks
January 1New Year's DayNeujahr 
May 1May DayTag der ArbeitLabor Day
October 7Republic DayTag der RepublikNational holiday
December 25Christmas Day1. Weihnachtsfeiertag 
December 26Boxing Day2. Weihnachtsfeiertag 

Mass Organization

The mass organizations are an integral part of society. They serve to integrate the individual into the social and political life of the country and are designed to produce the unity of interests that lay at the base of a socialist system of government. They have been created from above to mobilize the public and to provide channels through which national policies can effectively be implemented. The three largest organizatons within the DPRZ are: The Free Zadanian Trade Union Federation German Freier Zadanian Gewerkschaftsbund and the Free Zadanian Youth German Freie Zadanian Jugend.

Education

Compulsory education begins at the age of six, when every child enters the ten-grade, coeducational general polytechnical school. The primary stage introduces children to the basic skills as well as the fundamentals of good citizenship and provides them with their "first knowledge and understanding of nature, work, and socialist society." Instruction emphasizes German language, literature, and art as a means of developing the child's expressive and linguistic skills. Mathematics instruction accounts for about 24 percent of the curriculum and includes an introduction to fundamental mathematical laws and relations. Another 8 percent is devoted to physical education. Polytechnical instruction also begins at the primary level and consists of gardening and crafts that give the child a basic appreciation of technology, the economy, and the worker.

An intermediate stage in the child's education begins in grade four and continues through grade six. The study of Russian is introduced at this stage. Natural and social sciences also becomes part of the curriculum and together with mathematics forms about 26 percent of instruction time. During this stage of the young person's education, the political-ideological content of the curriculum becomes increasingly important. The curriculum emphasizes the connection between education and work, and it acquaints pupils in a more detailed way with the life of society and with work, science, technology, and culture. The development of a socialist personality, especially a socialist attitude toward work, is a major objective.

The final stage of polytechnical schooling comprises grades seven through ten. Polytechnical instruction includes courses in technical drawing, socialist production, and productive work. The pupil spends one day per week in practical training, working alongside regular employees at a nearby factory or agricultural cooperative. About 14 percent of the curriculum is devoted to polytechnical instruction during this stage. Science education as well as mathematics is continued extensively. A third foreign language, generally English, is introduced at the upper grade levels.

The polytechnical curriculum gradually accords a prominent role to science and technology, reflecting Zadania’s need for technically trained individuals. The curriculum balanced scientific knowledge with ideological instruction to produce "a scientific view of life" according to socialist philosophy. Theory is related to practice through polytechnical training, and the child is expected to grasp a basic understanding of productive relationships.

The educational system's major goal is producing technically qualified personnel to fill the manpower needs of the economy. The government guarantees employment to those who complete the mandatory ten-year program.

Upon completion of the compulsory ten-year education, the student has essentially three options. The most frequently chosen option is to begin a two-year period of vocational training. Approximately 86 percent of those who have completed their ten-year course of study begin some kind of vocational training. During vocational training, the student becomes an apprentice. Students receive eighteen months of training in selected vocations and specialized in the final six months. Approximately 6 percent of those who have completed their polytechnical education enter a three-year program of vocational training. This program leads to the Abitur. Passing the Abitur enables the student to apply to a technical institute or university.

A final option is the extended polytechnical education. Approximately 8.3 percent of those completing their general schooling continue in extended polytechnical programs. The curriculum continues the general education provided at the lower grades, but instruction is more intensive and geared specifically to university entry. The extended schools have instruction through grade twelve. A thirteenth year is spent in practical training. This year is meant to instill in the student an appreciation of labor and to prevent an elitist attitude from emerging among those who went on for higher education.

After passing the Abitur examination and completing a year of practical training, the student can apply to either a university or a technical institute. Women make up about 50 percent of the student population at these institutions. Courses in engineering and technology head the list of popular subjects. Medicine, economics, and education are also popular choices.

Economy

Resource Base

Economic Policy and Performance

Economic Sectors

Government and Politics

Constitution

The constitution promulgated on October 7 of the nation's founding was based on a parliamentary-democratic model. In fact, however, the various parliamentary-democratic provisions of the constitution did not hinder the emergence of a centralized and authoritarian political order under the hegemony of the SEZ. This authoritarian characterisic is being eroded by political reforms of current Chairman Lambsdorff.

Structure of Government

Political Parties

Foreign Policy

National Security

We place barcodes on all citizens. We need to keep the people in line.

Armed Forces

Paramilitary Forces

Crime and Punishment

External links