Difference between revisions of "Poirih dialects"
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Revision as of 07:26, 4 July 2005
Dialects of the Poirih language spoken in Yuunli (all pronunciation indications in X-SAMPA):
Contents
Pronunciation differences
Balembai
- Single vowels
- Long A is pronounced [A:]
- Long E is pronounced [e:]
- Short I is pronounced [I]
- Long O is pronounced [o:]
- Short U is pronounced [U]
- A diphthongs
- EA and OA become ÖÖ [2:]
- IA and UA become ÜÜ [y:]
- I diphthongs
- AI is pronounced [6I]
- Consonants
- K, P and T are aspirated
- H becomes G [g]
- L becomes W [w]
- R becomes L [l]
Bingeva
- Single vowels
- Unstressed A becomes Ä [&]
- A becomes Ä [&], at the end of a word [@]
- E is sometimes E [e], sometimes Ö [2]
- Short I becomes Ù [}], long I becomes ÜÜ [y:]
- O is sometimes A [6], sometimes Å [Q]
- A diphthongs
- EA is sometimes ÄE [E@] (except at the end of a word), sometimes ÖE [9@]
- IA becomes ÜE [Y@], except at the end of a word
- OA becomes OE [O@], except at the end of a word
- UA becomes UE [U@], except at the end of a word
- I diphthongs
- EI is sometimes EE [e:], sometimes ÖÖ [2:]
- OI is sometimes OO [o:], sometimes AA [a:]
- UI becomes OO [o:]
- Consonants
- B is pronounced WH [P], after an unstressed vowel W [w]
- CH is pronounced Z [z] before a vowel, otherwise S [s]
- F is pronounced V [v] before a vowel, otherwise F [f]
- H is dropped
- K is pronounced G [g] before a vowel, otherwise K [k_h]
- L is alveolar [l]
- M becomes N [n]
- P is pronounced B [b] before a vowel, otherwise P [p_h]
- R is rolled [r]
- T is pronounced D [d] before a vowel, otherwise T [t_h]
- Z is pronounced Z [z] before a vowel, otherwise S [s]
Bolshvisa
- Single vowels
- A becomes Ä [&], except at the end of a word
- E is sometimes E [e], sometimes Ö [2]
- I becomes Ü [y]
- O is sometimes O [o], sometimes A [6]
- A diphthongs
- EA is sometimes ÄE [E@], sometimes ÖE [9@]
- IA becomes ÜE [Y@]
- OA becomes OE [O@]
- UA becomes UE [U@]
- I diphthongs
- EI is sometimes EE [e:], sometimes (e.g. at the end of a word) ÖÖ [2:]
- OI is sometimes OO [o:], sometimes AA [a:]
- UI becomes UU [u:]
- Consonants
- B is pronounced W [P]
- CH is pronounced Z [z] before a vowel, otherwise S [s]
- F is pronounced V [v] before a vowel, otherwise F [f]
- H is dropped
- K is pronounced G [g] before a vowel, otherwise K [k_h]
- L is alveolar [l]
- M becomes N [n]
- P is pronounced B [b] before a vowel, otherwise P [p_h]
- R is rolled [r]
- T is pronounced D [d] before a vowel, otherwise T [t_h]
- Z is pronounced Z [z] before a vowel, otherwise S [s]
Candet
- Single vowels
- Long A is pronounced [A:]
- Short E becomes Ö [9], long E becomes ÖÖ [2:]
- Short I is pronounced [I]
- Short U is pronounced [U]
- A diphthongs
- EA and OA become EE [e:]
- IA and UA become ÜÜ [y:]
- I diphthongs
- AI is pronounced [6I]
- Consonants
- K, P and T are aspirated
- H becomes G [g]
- L becomes W [w]
- P becomes PF [pf] at the end of a syllable
- R becomes L [l]
Casuay
- Single vowels
- A is pronounced [@] at the end of a word
- E is sometimes E [e], sometimes Ö [2]
- I becomes Ü [y]
- O is sometimes O [o], sometimes Å [Q]
- A diphthongs
- EA is sometimes ÄE [E@], sometimes ÖE [9@]
- IA becomes ÜE [Y@]
- OA becomes OE [O@]
- UA becomes UE [U@]
- I diphthongs
- EI is sometimes EE [e:], sometimes ÖÖ [2:]
- OI is sometimes OO [o:], sometimes AA [a:]
- UI becomes UU [u:]
- Consonants
- B is pronounced W [P]
- CH is pronounced Z [z] before a vowel, otherwise S [s]
- F is pronounced V [v] before a vowel, otherwise F [f]
- H is dropped
- K is pronounced G [g] before a vowel, otherwise K [k_h]
- L is alveolar [l]
- P is pronounced B [b] before a vowel, otherwise P [p_h]
- R is rolled [r]
- T is pronounced D [d] before a vowel, otherwise T [t_h]
- Z is pronounced Z [z] before a vowel, otherwise S [s]
Centhay
- Single vowels
- Long A is pronounced [A:]
- Long E is pronounced [e:]
- Short I is pronounced [I] at the beginning of a word
- Long O is pronounced [o:]
- Short U is pronounced [U] at the beginning of a word
- A diphthongs
- EA and OA become ÖÖ [2:]
- IA and UA become ÜÜ [y:]
- I diphthongs
- AI is pronounced AY [6Y]
- EI is pronounced EY [EY]
- Consonants
- K and T are aspirated
- B becomes B [b] at the beginning of a syllable, otherwise P [p_h]
- G becomes J [j]
- H becomes G [g]
- L becomes W [w]
- R becomes L [l]
Damesa
- Single vowels
- Unstressed A becomes Ä [&]
- A is pronounced [@] at the end of a word
- E is sometimes E [e], sometimes Ö [2]
- Short I becomes Ù [}], long I becomes ÜÜ [y:]
- O is sometimes O [o], sometimes Å [Q]
- A diphthongs
- EA is sometimes ÄE [E@] (except at the end of a word), sometimes ÖE [9@]
- IA becomes ÜE [Y@]
- OA becomes OE [O@], except at the end of a word
- UA becomes UE [U@]
- I diphthongs
- EI is sometimes EE [e:], sometimes ÖÖ [2:]
- OI is sometimes OO [o:], sometimes AA [a:]
- UI becomes UU [u:]
- Consonants
- B is pronounced W [P]
- CH is pronounced Z [z] before a vowel, otherwise S [s]
- F is pronounced V [v] before a vowel, otherwise F [f]
- H is dropped
- K is pronounced G [g] before a vowel, otherwise K [k_h]
- L is alveolar [l]
- P is pronounced B [b] before a vowel, otherwise P [p_h]
- R is rolled [r]
- T is pronounced D [d] before a vowel, otherwise T [t_h]
- Z is pronounced Z [z] before a vowel, otherwise S [s]
- After an unstressed vowel, CH and Z become DH [D] or TH [T]
Hongora
- Single vowels
- Long A is pronounced [A:]
- E becomes Ö: short [9], long [2:]
- Short I is pronounced [I]
- Long O is pronounced [o:]
- U becomes Ü: short [Y], long [y:]
- A diphthongs
- EA and OA become ÖÖ [2:]
- IA and UA become ÜÜ [y:]
- I diphthongs
- AI is pronounced AU [6U]
- EI is pronounced EU [EU]
- Consonants
- P, K and T are dropped at the end of a syllable
- In other positions, P/T/K are aspirated
- F is dropped
- H becomes G [g]
- L is dropped
- R becomes L [l]
- W becomes ZH [Z]
Idubut
- Single vowels
- Long A becomes Å [Q:]
- E becomes Ö: short [9], long [2:]
- Short I is pronounced [I]
- Long O is pronounced [o:]
- U becomes Ü: short [Y], long [y:]
- A diphthongs
- EA and OA become ÖÖ [2:]
- IA and UA become ÜÜ [y:]
- I diphthongs
- AI becomes OO [O:]
- EI becomes EE [@:]
- OI becomes OO [O:]
- UI becomes UU [u:]
- Consonants
- CH becomes J [j]
- F is dropped
- H becomes G [g]
- K is aspirated, at the beginning of a word G [g]
- M becomes MB [mb] at the beginning of a word
- N becomes ND [nd] at the beginning of a word
- P becomes PF [pf], at the beginning of a word BV [bv]
- R becomes L [l]
- T is aspirated, at the beginning of a word D [d]
Lancollin
- Single vowels
- Unstressed A becomes Ä [&]
- A is pronounced [@] at the end of a word
- E is sometimes E [e], sometimes Ö [2]
- Short I becomes Ù [}], long I becomes ÜÜ [y:]
- O is sometimes O [o], sometimes Å [Q]
- A diphthongs
- EA is sometimes ÄE [E@] (except at the end of a word), sometimes ÖE [9@]
- IA becomes ÜE [Y@], except at the end of a word
- OA becomes OE [O@], except at the end of a word
- UA becomes UE [U@], except at the end of a word
- I diphthongs
- EI is sometimes EE [e:], sometimes ÖÖ [2:]
- OI is sometimes OO [o:], sometimes AA [a:]
- UI becomes UU [u:]
- Consonants
- B is pronounced W [P]
- CH is pronounced Z [z] before a vowel, otherwise S [s]
- F is pronounced V [v] before a vowel, otherwise F [f]
- H is dropped
- K is pronounced G [g] before a vowel, otherwise K [k_h]
- L is alveolar [l]
- M becomes N [n]
- P is pronounced B [b] before a vowel, otherwise P [p_h]
- R is rolled [r]
- T is pronounced D [d] before a vowel, otherwise T [t_h]
- Z is pronounced Z [z] before a vowel, otherwise S [s]
Lonreca
- Single vowels
- Long A is pronounced [A:]
- Long E is pronounced [e:]
- Short I is pronounced [I] at the beginning of a word
- Long O is pronounced [o:]
- Short U is pronounced [U] at the beginning of a word
- A diphthongs
- EA and OA become ÖÖ [2:]
- IA and UA become ÜÜ [y:]
- I diphthongs
- AI is pronounced AY [6Y]
- EI is pronounced IU [IU]
- Consonants
- P, K and T are dropped at the end of a syllable
- K and T are aspirated
- B becomes B [b] at the beginning of a syllable, otherwise P [p_h]
- G becomes J [j]
- H becomes G [g]
- L becomes W [w]
- R becomes L [l]
- W becomes ZH [Z]
Milduna
- Single vowels
- E becomes Ö: short [9], long [2:]
- Short I is pronounced [I]
- Long O is pronounced [o:]
- U becomes Ö: short [9], long [2:]
- A diphthongs
- EA and OA become EE [e:]
- IA and UA become YY [1:]
- Consonants
- CH becomes SH [S]
- F is dropped
- H becomes G [g]
- J becomes SH [S]
- K is aspirated
- P becomes PF [pf]
- R becomes L [l]
- T is aspirated
- Z becomes S [s]
Oylbesh
- Single vowels
- Long A becomes Å [Q:]
- E becomes Ö: short [9], long [2:]
- Short I is pronounced [I]
- Long O is pronounced [o:]
- U becomes Ü: short [Y], long [y:]
- A diphthongs
- EA and OA become ÖÖ [2:]
- IA and UA become ÜÜ [y:]
- I diphthongs
- AI becomes ÅÅ [Q:]
- EI becomes EE [e:]
- OI becomes OO [o:]
- UI becomes UU [u:]
- Consonants
- CH becomes J [j]
- F is dropped
- H becomes G [g]
- K is aspirated
- P becomes PF [pf]
- R becomes L [l]
- T is aspirated
Porpic
- Single vowels
- A is pronounced [@]
- E becomes Ö: short [9], long [2:]
- Short I is pronounced [I], long I becomes Ü [y:]
- Long O is pronounced [o:]
- U becomes Ü: short [Y], long [y:]
- A diphthongs
- EA and OA become ÖÖ [2:]
- IA and UA become ÜÜ [y:]
- I diphthongs
- AI becomes ÅÅ [Q:]
- EI becomes EE [e:]
- OI becomes OO [o:], after a bilabial consonant [2:]
- UI becomes UU [u:], after a consonant [M:]
- Consonants
- CH is dropped at the beginning of a word, otherwise it becomes J [j]
- F is dropped
- H becomes G [g]
- J is dropped at the beginning of a word
- K is aspirated
- P becomes PF [pf]
- R becomes L [l]
- T is aspirated
Putali
- Single vowels
- Long A is pronounced [A:]
- Long E is pronounced [e:]
- Short I is pronounced [I]
- Long O is pronounced [o:]
- U is pronounced [}]
- A diphthongs
- EA and OA become ÖÖ [2:]
- IA and UA become II [i:], at the beginning of a word ÜÜ [y:]
- I diphthongs
- AI is pronounced [6I]
- UI becomes II [i:] after W
- Consonants
- CH becomes J [j]
- K, P and T are aspirated
- H becomes G [g]
- L becomes W [w]
- R becomes L [l]
Riftaly
- Single vowels
- Long A is pronounced [A:]
- Long E is pronounced [e:]
- Short I is pronounced [I] at the beginning of a word
- Long O is pronounced [o:]
- Short U is pronounced [M] at the beginning of a word
- A diphthongs
- EA, IA, OA and UA become ÖÖ [2:]
- I diphthongs
- AI is pronounced AY [6Y]
- EI is pronounced IU [IU]
- Consonants
- P, K and T are dropped at the end of a syllable
- In other positions, P/T/K are aspirated
- G becomes J [j]
- H becomes G [g]
- K becomes Q [q_h]
- L is dropped
- R becomes L [l]
- W becomes ZH [Z]
Ursia
- Single vowels
- E becomes Ö: short [9], long [2:]
- Short I is pronounced [I]
- Long O is pronounced [o:]
- U becomes Ü: short [Y], long [y:]
- A diphthongs
- EA and OA become EE [e:]
- IA and UA become II [i:]
- Consonants
- CH becomes J [j]
- F is dropped
- H becomes G [g]
- K is aspirated
- P becomes PF [pf]
- R becomes L [l]
- T is aspirated