Caselonia

Caselonia

Flag of Caselonia
Motto: "Честь и Слава!" (Honor & Glory!)
Sunbelt Region Map
Region	The Sunbelt
Capital	Новая Москва, New Moscow
Official Language(s)	Russian, English
Leader	Vladimir Vladimirovich Chistyakov (Head of State)
Population	3.57 billion
Currency	Rouble
NS Sunset XML

Overview

Background

The Caselonian Socialist Federated Republic is a nation of internal republics and "autonomous" regions located in the northeastern portion of the Fuerzan continent in The Sunbelt region. Caselonia is by far the largest nation in the region, but most of its landmass is under a foot or more of frozen soil 9-11 months per year. During its history, Caselonia has consisted of a number of different entities, ranging from confederated nomadic and then agrarian tribes to a monarchy and finally a revolutionary socialist republic.

According to the UN description, The Caselonian Socialist Federated Republic is a massive, environmentally stunning nation, renowned for its devotion to social welfare. Its compassionate, hard-working population...enjoy extensive civil freedoms, particularly in social issues, while business tends to be more regulated. It is difficult to tell where the omnipresent government stops and the rest of society begins, but it juggles the competing demands of Education, Defence, and Social Welfare. Crime -- especially youth-related -- is totally unknown, thanks to the all-pervasive police force and progressive social policies in education and welfare.

There is no tax rate in Caselonia, but the State Planning Committee, known as Gosplan (an acronym devised from its Russian name, Gosudarstvennyi Planovyi Komitet), controls wealth redistribution in the nation. All income generated by all industry is appropriated by the State, which then redistributes currency via a wage system "based on the value of the labor performed to the State." In short, Gosplan sets and adjusts all wages, and workers are paid according to that schedule. Any surplus is reinvested in segments of the economy which need it, based on the recommendations of several Ministries and Bureaus. Private enterprise, while only recently legalized on a small scale, has opened new areas of economic growth and an increase in availability of consumer goods. Private enterprise that would interfere with State enterprise, however, remains illegal.

The federal government consists of an executive, legislative, and judicial branch. The executive branch wields the most power, with the President being able to veto any bill passed by the legislature, and only the Supreme Court of Caselonia can overrule a Presidential veto. Decentralized administration includes regional economic planning councils which recommend local economic planning policy, whereupon Gosplan accepts the regional policy or adjusts it accordingly. Administration is highly centralized with Federal Ministries having final say over all regional committees' recommendations, though regions are given a certain degree of autonomy with both economic and political issues.

History

Geography

Location

Eastern Fuerza, northernmost and largest continent in The Sunbelt

Area

Total: 17,075,200 sq km Land: 16,995,800 sq km Water: 79,400 sq km

Area Comparative

Approx. 1.8 times the size of the United States

Land Boundaries

total: 20,017 km border countries: Karakazia 284km, Melbournistan 959km, Ferretatia 898km, Palmbekistan 3,485km, Ferrussia 1,576km, Daemoniata 685km, Cherisovia 1,369km

Coastline

37,653km

Maritime Claims

Territorial sea: 12 nm Exclusive economic zone: 200 nm Continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation

Climate

Ranges from steppes in the south through humid continental in much of southwestern Caselonia; subarctic in Siberian Caselonia to tundra climate in the polar north; winters vary from cool along Black Sea coast to frigid in Siberia; summers vary from warm in the steppes to cool along Arctic coast

Terrain

Broad plains with low hills west of Ural mountain range; vast coniferous forest and tundra in Siberian east; uplands and mountains along southern border regions

Elevation Extremes

lowest point: Black Sea -28 m highest point: Gora El'brus 5,633 m

Natural Resources

Wide natural resource base including major deposits of oil, natural gas, coal, and many strategic minerals, timber Note: formidable obstacles of climate, terrain, and distance hinder exploitation of natural resources

Land Use

arable land: 7.33% permanent crops: 0.11% other: 92.56% (2003)

Irrigated Land

46,630 sq km (1996 est.)

Natural Hazards

Permafrost over much of Siberian east is a major impediment to development; volcanic activity in the Kuril Islands; volcanoes and earthquakes on the Kamchatka Peninsula; spring floods and summer/autumn forest fires throughout east and parts of central Caselonia

Environment - Current Issues

Air pollution from heavy industry, emissions of coal-fired electric plants, and transportation in major cities; industrial, municipal, and agricultural pollution of inland waterways and seacoasts; deforestation; soil erosion; soil contamination from improper application of agricultural chemicals; scattered areas of sometimes intense radioactive contamination; groundwater contamination from toxic waste; urban solid waste management; abandoned stocks of obsolete pesticides Note: Situation is vastly and rapidly improving.

Environment - Int'l Agreements

Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulfur '85, Arctic-Environmental Protocol, Arctic-Marine Living Resources, Arctic Seals, Arctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change Protocol, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber '83, Wetlands, Whaling

Notes

Largest country in the Sunbelt in terms of area but unfavorably located in relation to major sea lanes of the world; access to Melbourni, Palmbeki, Cherisovian ports offsets this greatly; despite its size, much of the country lacks proper soils and climates (either too cold or too dry) for agriculture; Mount El'brus is Fuerza's tallest peak

People

Population

289,420,309 (July 2005 est.)

Age Structure

0-14 years: 14.6%
15-64 years: 71.3%
65 years and over: 14.2%

Median Age

Total: 38.15 years
Male: 34.99 years
Female: 41.03 years (2005 est.)

Population Growth Rate

1.2% (2001 est.)

Birth Rate

14.8 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Death Rate

14.52 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Net Migration Rate

1.03 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Infant Mortality Rate

total: 1.39 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 1.7 deaths/1,000 live births
female: .94 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)

Life Expectancy at Birth

total population: 77.1 years
male: 76.55 years
female: 79.04 years (2005 est.)

Total Fertility Rate

1.67 children born/woman (2005 est.)

Nationality

Noun: Caselonian(s)
Adjective: Caselonian

Ethnic Groups

Russian (Caselonian) 79.8%, Melbourni 3.8%, Ferrussian 2%, Palmbeki 1.2%, Cherisovian 1.1%, other or unspecified 12.1% (2004 census)

Religion

Caselonian Pagan, Russian Orthodox, Muslim, Buddhist

Languages

Russian, English, many minority languages

Literacy

Definition: Age 15 and over can read and write Russian & English
Total population: 99.9%
Male: 99.9%
Female: 99.9% (2003 est.)

Government of the Caselonian Socialist Federated Republic

After successfully deposing the Tsar in 1915, Socialist Revolutionaries formed the People's Republic of Caselonia which was renamed the Caselonian Socialist Federation in July 2005. The Caselonian government has undergone several major changes, including the adoption of the first Caselonian Constitution in 1922, the adoption of the second Caselonian Constitution in 1978 and the legalization of political parties other than the Caselonian Socialist Party (CSP) in 2004. On 23 June 2005 Vladimir Vladimirovich Chistyakov, candidate of the Communist Workers' Party of Caselonia (CWPC), was elected President of the People's Republic of Caselonia. He promptly declared the capital would be moved back to its ancient seat in Новая Москва (New Moscow). The capital was moved to Gotha, on the northwestern sea border, in 1932. Chistyakov also declared the adoption of the previous government's system other than changing the country's official name from the 'People's Republic of Caselonia' to the 'Caselonian Socialist Federated Republic.' The government consists of a powerful executive, the President, who appoints the head of government, known as the Chairman of the Federal Soviet along with every member of the 25-member Federal Soviet. The 485-member People's Duma is wholly elected by the citizens of Caselonia and can override a Federal Soviet veto with a 2/3rds majority vote. A Presidential Veto cannot be overruled except by the Supreme Court of the Caselonian Socialist Federated Republic.

Country Name

Conventional long form: Caselonian Socialist Federated Republic
Conventional short form: Caselonia
Local long form: Каселонский Социалистических Федеративний Республика
Local short form: Каселония
Former: Caselonian Empire, People's Republic of Caselonia

Administrative Organization

Internal Republics and Autonomous Regions

The Caselonian Socialist Federated Republic has 89 administrative divisions including 49 oblasts (oblastey, singular - oblast), 21 internal republics (respublik, singular - respublika), 10 autonomous okrugs (avtonomnykh okrugov, singular - avtonomnyy okrug), 6 krays (krayev, singular - kray), 2 federal cities (singular - gorod), and 1 autonomous oblast (avtonomnaya oblast').

Oblasts

Amur (Blagoveshchensk), Arkhangel'sk, Astrakhan', Belgorod, Bryansk, Chelyabinsk, Chita, Gotha, Irkutsk, Ivanovo, Kaliningrad, Kaluga, Kamchatka (Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskiy), Kemerovo, Kirov, Kostroma, Kurgan, Kursk, Lipetsk, Magadan, Moscow, Murmansk, Nizhniy Novgorod, Novgorod, Novosibirsk, Omsk, Orenburg, Orel, Penza, Perm', Pskov, Rostov, Ryazan', Sakhalin (Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk), Samara, Saratov, Smolensk, Sverdlovsk (Yekaterinburg), Tambov, Tomsk, Tula, Tver', Tyumen', Ul'yanovsk, Vladimir, Volgograd, Vologda, Voronezh, Yaroslavl'
===== Republics ===== Adygeya (Maykop), Altay (Gorno-Altaysk), Bashkortostan (Ufa), Buryatiya (Ulan-Ude), Chuvashiya (Cheboksary), Dagestan (Makhachkala), Ingushetiya (Magas), Kabardino-Balkariya (Nal'chik), Kalmykiya (Elista), Karachayevo-Cherkesiya (Cherkessk), Kareliya (Petrozavodsk), Khakasiya (Abakan), Komi (Syktyvkar), Mariy-El (Yoshkar-Ola), Mordoviya (Saransk), Nueva Habana (Khabana), Sakha [Yakutiya] (Yakutsk), North Ossetia (Vladikavkaz), Tatarstan (Kazan'), Tyva (Kyzyl), Udmurtiya (Izhevsk)

Autonomous Okrugs

Aga Buryat (Aginskoye), Chukotka (Anadyr'), Evenk (Tura), Khanty-Mansi, Komi-Permyak (Kudymkar), Koryak (Palana), Nenets (Nar'yan-Mar), Taymyr [Dolgano-Nenets] (Dudinka), Ust'-Orda Buryat (Ust'-Ordynskiy), Yamalo-Nenets (Salekhard)

Krays

Altay (Barnaul), Khabarovsk, Krasnodar, Krasnoyarsk, Primorskiy (Vladivostok), Stavropol'

Federal Cities

Novaya Moskva (Новая Москва), Petrograd (Петроград)

Autonomous Oblast

Novaya Khabana (Khabana Gorod)

Note: Administrative divisions have the same names as their administrative centers (exceptions have the administrative center name following in parentheses).

Capital

The capital city of Caselonia is Новая Москва (New Moscow), having been moved back to the ancient capital on 28 June 2005 by order of President Vladimir Chistyakov. Previously, the capital city was moved from Новая Москва to Gotha in 1932 by the authority of a majority vote in the Soviet of Workers' and Peasants Deputies, the governing legislative body at the time. Both Gotha and New Moscow are "federal cities" which form their own administrative divisions.

Client States of Caselonia

Caselonia's two "client states" are completely sovereign nations but are closely tied to Caselonia through economic and defense agreements as well as being recipients of large amounts of foreign aid. The Democratic Republic of Melbournistan, freed with Caselonian help from a colonial monarchy in 2003, went on to elect a socialist President that works closely with Caselonia and who has pledged staunch allegiance to the socialist superpower. Caselonian construction firms built large numbers of modern apartment blocks in Melbournistan before, during and after the elections and continue to work on infrastructure upgrade projects. The Soviet Socialist Republic of Palmbekistan is Caselonia's second "client state." While not vocal on the world political scene, the nation converted the bulk of its power grid to nuclear with help from Caselonian engineers and is a major shipping hub for Caselonian export goods destined for southerly markets. Both client states were once part of the Caselonian Empire which fell in 1915, as was the Democratic Republic of Karakazia, which achieved independence in 1922 during the Caselonian Civil War. Karakazia does not receive foreign aid from Caselonia and has very limited ties to it at all.

Executive Branch of the Caselonian Socialist Federation

The executive branch of the Caselonian Socialist Federation is the most powerful, with the President wielding a veto over the Peoples' Duma that cannot be overridden except by order of the Supreme Court of Caselonia, whose justices are all appointed by the President. Caselonia has a long history of strong executives, be it Arkadiy The Conqueror, who united the warring Slavonic tribes, the "modern" Tsars (Leonids I - XII), or Vyacheslav Polezhaev who led the Socialist Revolutionary party to power in 1915. Modern Caselonian Presidents are no different, though they tend to value the opinions of their Ministers and advisors, even when they are at odds with their own.

Heads of State & Government

President Vladimir Vladimirovich CHISTYAKOV (President since 23 June 2005);
Chairman of the Federal Soviet (Premier) Mikhail Yefimovich GROMYKO (since 24 June 2005);
Deputy Premier Aleksandr Dmitriyevich FEDORCHUK (since 24 June 2005)

President Vladimir Vladimirovich Chistyakov waves to cameras after voting in the 20 June 2005 Presidential elections, Caselonia's first in over 90 years.

Elections

President elected by popular vote for a six-year term; election last held 20 June 2005 (next to be held June 2011); note - no Vice President; if the President dies in office, cannot exercise his powers because of ill health or resigns, the Premier (officially - Chairman of the Federal Soviet) succeeds him; the Premier serves as acting President until a new presidential election is held, which must be within three months; Premier appointed by the President.

Election Results

Vladimir Vladimirovich CHISTYAKOV elected President;
percent of vote -
Vladimir Vladimirovich CHISTYAKOV (Communist Workers' Party of Caselonia) 51.2%,
Grigoriy IVANOV (Caselonian Socialist Party) 43.7%,
Nikolay VOZNESENSKY (Social Democratic Party) 5.1%

Caselonian Ministries

Министр Культуры / Minister of Culture

Viktor Barannikov

Министр Обороны / Minister of Defense

Rodion Sergeievich Malinovsky

Министр Экономических Дел / Minister of Economic Affairs

Dr. Hasso von Keldermann

State Economic Planning Committee

Bureau of International Finance

Министр Просвещения / Minister of Education

Sergei Anatolyevich Bykov

Министр Энергии / Minister of Energy

Maksim Kuybyshev

Bureau of Energy Concerns

Министр Окружающей Среды / Minister for the Environment

Aleksandr Vasilevsky

Министр Иностранных Дел / Minister of Foreign Affairs

Daniel de Valera

State Secretary for Int'l Socialist Cooperation

Boris Ivanovich Kulikov

Министр Здравоохранения / Minister of Health

Alexei Khristenko

Министр Инфраструктуры / Minister for Infrastructure

Aleksandr Shelepin

Министр Внутренних Дел / Minister of the Interior

Dr. Valentina Nikolaievna Evdokimova

Министр Международной Дружбы и Сотрудничества / Minister of International Friendship and Cooperation

Yevgeniy Timofeevich Spiridonov

Министр Международной Торговли / Minister of International Trade

Gennadiy Filatov

Bureau of Foreign Development

Министр Юстиции / Minister of Justice

Gennadiy Smirnov

Министр Труда / Minister of Labor

Nikolay Dudorov

Министр Науки / Minister of Science

Vitaliy Yakovlev

Министр Государственной Безопасности / Minister for State Security

Leonid Shebarshin

Caselonian Peoples' Duma & Federal Soviet

Bicameral legislative body, known collectively as the Peoples' Federal Assembly consists of the Federal Soviet (25 seats; as of July 2000, members appointed by the top executive; members serve four-year terms) and the Peoples' Duma (485 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote to serve four-year terms).

Supreme Court of the Caselonian Socialist Federation

Constitutional Court; Supreme Court; Superior Court of Arbitration; judges for all courts are appointed for life by the Federal Soviet on the recommendation of the President.

Major Political Parties & Leaders

Party	Leader	Platform	Seats	Percentage
Caselonian Socialist Party (CSP)	Grigoriy Ivanov	Previous ruling party from 1915 - 2005; in favor of limited political and economic liberalization. Has lost significant ground in recent years by appearing "distant and elitist"; entered into, and subsequently withdrew from, IFTA, CACE and the UN. Responsible for opening political process to other parties, trade links with capitalist nations and extremely limited privatization schemes. Champions the existing "balance" within Caselonia and is resistant to a rollback of liberalization programs.	58	42%
Communist Workers' Party of Caselonia (CWPC)	Vladimir Chistyakov		41	30%
Social Democratic Party (SDP)	Nikolay VOZNESENSKY		16	12%
Liberal Democratic Party of Caselonia (LDPC)			15	11%
Motherland Patriotic-Union Party (MPU/Rodina)			5	3%
			3	2%

International Organization Participation

Caselonia has a long history of international engagement, participation and cooperation. Caselonia has, in the past, been a member of the UN, IFTA and CACE. Disagreements over trade policy led Caselonia to withdraw from all the previously mentioned organizations in late 2004, but Caselonia recently applied to rejoin the UN and President Chistyakov has talked of pursuing renewed memberships in the IFTA (Int'l Fair Trade Agreement). Caselonia has also formed the "Committee for Mutual Economic Assistance," a Sunbelt bloc aimed at solidifying support among developing nations and stable socialist regimes for Caselonian policy through foreign aid and infrastructure upgrade incentive programs and is aggressively pursuing members for the 'Fuerzan Union of Socialist Republics,' currently comprised of Caselonia, Melbournistan and Palmbekistan, but invitations to Cherisovia and Taibei have also been issued. The FUSR is a treaty encouraging member states to adopt a common currency, the Caselonian Rouble (R1=~US$1.70), and establish tarriff-free common economic zones between member states. Caselonia is also involved in the Organization for Security & Int'l Cooperation in the Sunbelt (OSICS). OSICS, while off to a rocky start, is expected to act as a sort of regional UN, brokering peaceful resolutions to aggrieved nations and fostering a spirit of peace and stability in the region.

Diplomatic Representation

Economy

Caselonia ended 2004 with its sixth straight year of growth, averaging 6.5% annually since the reevaluation of its economic system, and the appointment of a new Economic Affairs Minister in 1998. Although high oil prices and a very strong rouble are important drivers of this economic rebound, since 2000 investment in the emerging markets of allied developing and developed nations and foreign demand for Caselonian goods have played a noticeably increasing role. Real fixed capital investments have averaged gains greater than 10% over the last five years, and real personal incomes have realized average increases over 12%. Caselonia has also improved its international financial position since the 1998 financial change, with its foreign debt declining substantially. Strong oil export earnings have allowed Caselonia to increase its foreign reserves from only $32 billion to some $620 billion at yearend 2004. These achievements, along with a renewed government effort to advance structural reforms, have raised foreign business and investor confidence in Caselonia's economic prospects. Oil, natural gas, metals, and timber account for more than 50% of exports, leaving the country somewhat vulnerable to swings in world prices. Caselonia's manufacturing base is becoming more and more modernized and the country is poised to achieve broad-based economic growth.

GDP

Purchasing power parity - US$11.408 trillion (April 2005 est.)

GDP Per Capita

R19,814.19 (US$34,009.94 equiv.)

GDP Real Growth Rate

6.7% (2004 est.)

GDP - Composition by Sector

Agriculture: 4.9%
Industry: 33.9%
Services: 61.2% (2004 est.)

Investment (gross fixed)

19.1% of GDP (2004 est.)

Population below poverty line

1.2% (January 2005 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share

lowest 10%: 5.9%
highest 10%: 47% (2001)

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

9.5% (2004 est.)

Labor force

144.71 million (2004 est.)
By sector:
Agriculture 12.3%,
industry 22.7%,
services 65% (2002 est.)

Unemployment Rate

2.63% (June 2005 est.)

Budget

Revenues: Approx. R944,394,600 (US$1.621 trillion equiv.) Expenditures: R561,626,400,000 (US$964,000,000,000 equiv.)

Public Dept

28.2% of GDP (2004 est.)

Agriculture Products

Grain, sugar beets, sunflower seed, vegetables, fruits; beef, milk

Industries

Complete range of mining and extractive industries producing coal, oil, gas, chemicals, and metals; all forms of machine building from rolling mills to high-performance aircraft and space vehicles; defense industries including radar, missile production, and advanced electronic components, shipbuilding; road and rail transportation equipment; communications equipment; agricultural machinery, tractors, and construction equipment; electric power generating and transmitting equipment; medical and scientific instruments; consumer durables, textiles, foodstuffs, handicrafts

Industrial Production Growth Rate

6.4% (2004 est.)

Electricity

Electricity Production

915 billion kWh (2003)

Electricity Consumption

894.3 billion kWh (2003)

Electricity Exports

20.7 billion kWh (2003)

Electricity Imports

12.65 billion kWh (2002)

Oil

Oil - Production

8.42 million bbl/day (2003 est.)

Oil - Consumption

2.31 million bbl/day (2003 est.)

Oil - Exports

6.11 million bbl/day (2003)

Oil - Imports

NA

Oil - Proved Reserves

69 billion bbl (2003 est.)

Natural Gas

Natural Gas - Production

578.6 billion cu m (2003 est.)

Natural Gas - Consumption

578.6 billion cu m (2003 est.)

Natural Gas - Exports

171 billion cu m (2003 est.)

Natural Gas - Imports

32.7 billion cu m (2001 est.)

Natural Gas - Proved Reserves

47 trillion cu m (2003)

Exports

$162.5 billion (2004 est.)

Exports - Commodities

Petroleum and petroleum products, natural gas, wood and wood products, metals, chemicals, and a wide variety of civilian and military manufactures

Exports - Partners

Melbournistan 8.4%, Palmbekistan 6.7%, Cherisovia 6.4%, Daemoniata 5.8%, Austrivum 5.7%, Ferrussia 5.4%, Taibei 4.5%, Trotsgrad 3.9% (2004)

Imports

$92.91 billion (2004 est.)

Imports - Commidities

Machinery and equipment, consumer goods, medicines, meat, sugar, semifinished metal products

Imports - Partners

Daemoniata 16.7%, Austrivum 7.1%, Melbournistan 6.7%, Yannia 5.9%, Trotsgrad 5%, Palmbekistan 4.5%, Revionia 4.5% (2004)

Currency

Rouble

Currency Code

R

Exchange Rates

R1 = US$1.7165 (July 2005)

Fiscal Year

Calendar year

Communications

Telephone System

General Assessment: Caselonia has one of the world's most technologically advanced telecommunications systems; as a result of intensive capital expenditures since the 1980s, the formerly backward system of the rural areas, many dating back to the Great Patriotic War, has been modernized and integrated with that of the urban centers.
Domestic: Caselonia is served by an extensive system of automatic telephone exchanges connected by modern networks of fiber-optic cable, coaxial cable, microwave radio relay, and a domestic satellite system; cellular telephone service is widely available, expanding rapidly, and includes roaming service to many foreign countries.
International: country code - 79; Caselonia's international service is excellent worldwide, consisting of extensive land and undersea cable facilities as well as earth stations in the Inmarsat, Intelsat, Fuertelsat, and Intersputnik satellite systems (2001).

Telephones - Main Lines In Use

154.35 million (2003)

Telephones - Mobile Cellular

134.8 million (2004)

Broadcast Media

Radio Broadcast Stations

AM 51, FM 787, shortwave 14 (2002)

Television Broadcast Stations

1373 (plus 11,042 repeaters) (2005)

Internet Country Code

.cl

Internet Hosts

12,686,119 (2004)

Internet Users

169 million (2003)

Transportation

Railways

Total: 87,157 km
Broad Gauge: 86,200 km 1.520-m gauge (40,300 km electrified)
Narrow Gauge: 957 km 1.067-m gauge (on Dzhokar Island)
Note: an additional 30,000 km of non-common carrier lines serve industries (2003)

Highways

Total: 537,289 km
Paved: 362,133 km
Unpaved: 175,156 km (2001)

Waterways

96,000 km
Note: 72,000 km system in Caselonia links North Sea, Volga River, Daemonian Gulf, Gulf of Cherisovia, and the Fuerzo-Sabidurian Ocean (2004)

Pipelines

Condensate 122 km; gas 150,007 km; oil 75,539 km; refined products 13,771 km (2004)

Ports & Harbors

Aleksandrovsk-Sakhalinskiy, Arkhangel'sk, Astrakhan', De-Kastri, Indigirskiy, Kaliningrad, Kandalaksha, Kazan', Khabarovsk, Kholmsk, Krasnoyarsk, Lazarev, Mago, Mezen', Moscow, Murmansk, Nakhodka, Nevel'sk, Novorossiysk, Onega, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskiy, Rostov, Shakhtersk, Saint Petersburg, Sochi, Taganrog, Tuapse, Uglegorsk, Vanino, Vladivostok, Volgograd, Vostochnyy, Vyborg

Merchant Marine

Total: 1,194 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 4,521,472 GRT/5,505,118 DWT
By type: barge carrier 1, bulk carrier 45, cargo 767, chemical tanker 20, combination ore/oil 48, container 21, passenger 11, passenger/cargo 8, petroleum tanker 213, refrigerated cargo 46, roll on/roll off 12, specialized tanker 2 Foreign-owned: 56 (Cherisovia 2, Taibei 1, Gesamtkuntswerk 2, Revionia 1, Ferrussia 18, Ferettatia 3, New Preussen 1, Unidos 1, Daemoniata 28, Austrivum 10, Yannia 2, Trotsgrad 4, Melbournistan 17)
Registered in other countries: 326 (2005)

Airports

2,586 (2004 est.)

Airports - With Paved Runways

total: 577
over 3,047 m: 55
2,438 to 3,047 m: 197
1,524 to 2,437 m: 128
914 to 1,523 m: 98
under 914 m: 99 (2004 est.)

Airports - With Unpaved Runways

total: 2,009
over 3,047 m: 14
2,438 to 3,047 m: 30
1,524 to 2,437 m: 111
914 to 1,523 m: 257
under 914 m: 1,597 (2004 est.)

Heliports

36 (2004 est.)

Military

Transnational Issues

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