Calumnius

The Democratic Socialist States of Calumnius

Flag of Calumnius
Motto: "Working together equally for a better future for all"
National Anthem: The Internationale
Region	The Spectrum
Capital	Capital
Official Language(s)	Calumnian, IKBTYish and English
Government	Parliamentary Executive Democracy
- Chair of Foreign Issues Forum	Jack Klavtoft (socialist)
- Chair of Law and Order Forum	Laura Feroyda (liberal)
- Chair of Equality Forum	Edward Hargsberg (socialist)
- Chair of Environment Forum	James Yule (liberal)
- Chair of CMF	Natalie Igsrurt (socialist)
Formation
- Calumnius nation founded	<647BC
- First Great Revolution	1378
- Second Great Revolution	1876-1880
Population	3 billion
Currency	Calumnius ERM nick-el (NIC)
Timezone	Calumnian General Time (UTC-10)
- Summer (DST)	Calumnian Summer Time (UTC-9)
Internet TLD	.cal
Calling code	++872
ISO Code	ISO 3166-2:CL
NS Sunset XML

The Democratic Socialist States of Calumnius is a massive nation, and it represents one of the extremes of the Spectrum. Calumnius was the second member of the Spectrum, after founder I Know Better Than You and takes pride in traditional Spectrum values while exploring new Spectrum ideas brought by second and third generation Spectrites. Calumnius is highly vocal nation in regional politics, Calumnius recently pushed for the Representative Democracy Act 2007 to be made law. Calumnius is also a member of the Spectrum Security Council and tries to protect The Spectrum's interests. Calumnius's monorail has extended across many of the Spectrum's nations and prides itself on its service and affordability. Calumnius is a member of S.A.T.O, an alliance that allows for collective defence and interspectrum trade. Calumnius has played its part in some Spectrum crises, notably the Ediroth Conflict. Calumnius has suffered repeated attacks from Edirothi terrorists over the previous months but it now appears Domas-Porada's monorail security forces (IMPACT) has put an end to the attacks.

Geography

Calumnius lies on the west coast of The Spectrum with outlying territory known as the Socialist Colony of Calumnius on an island towards the east of The Spectrum. The mainland is bordered to the east by I Know Better Than You. Due to its closeness to Calumnius, I Know Better Than You is a major Calumnius trading partner and ally. The Calumnius Monetary Foundation switched Calumnius' foreign currency to a form of the I Know Better Than You nick-el. It also borders Undracor, another trading partner, many Calumnius citizens visit Undracor on holiday. Sabrateur is another neighbour, Sabrateur provides access to the economically important Synaptic Gulf. Petersvillia also borders Calumnius, Petersvillia is an important trading partner in electronics. Another bordering nation,Oldham Road, provides access to the Socialist Colony of Calumnius and the east of the Spectrum, it is an important shipping route. Calumnius is largely temperate but with desert plains to the east and has one of The Spectrum's largest mountain ranges to the South East which it shares with other nations.

Major Rivers

• Channel Feroyda begins in Calumnius's mountains towards the east of the nation in South District - 2, it actually begins at the eastern end of the great lake known as Crater Lake. This waterway links Calumnius to the toucan's beak area and the east of The Spectrum. It opens up, before leaving Calumnius, into The Spectrum's largest lake, which is yet to be named.
• The Jacob's River runs south to north straight through Central District, and while not the longest river, its watershed creates one of the largest fertile areas in Calumnius.
• The River of Desire starts in the Calumnian mountains before running north across East District and North-East District. The surrounding area consists of desert and dry plains, the river provided much needed relief to journeymen and the lost throughout history - hence its name.

Districts of Calumnius

Calumnius is split into 12 Districts, 1 Colony and Capital County. Listed in order of admission to the states of Calumnius with respective district capitals:

Original Four Districts

The original four colonies were united in around 500BCE, although they were ruled by the same emperor before this time. The emperor of the time, presumably Krakov VI, united his kingdom to simplify its management.

• West District (originally encompassing Capital county) - City-7986
• North-West District - City-23
• North-Central District - City-768
• North District 2 - Subcity-98

Orien Pact Admissions

The Orien Pact admission in around 100CE were the result of a conference in nearby I Know Better Than You between secular leaders of the districts in question and the Calumnius state. It resulted in the admission of three districts bordering Calumnius as it was then. Other districts objected and began the Orien Pact War which lasted for three decades.

• Central District - City-57
• South-West District - City-237
• South District 1 - City-3

Petersvillia Convention Admissions

After the Orien Pact War, Calumnius became worried about the admission of more districts but in around 300CE a great famine afflicted The Spectrum and two districts to the east of the then Calumnius begged to join to enjoy the properity that the Calumnius citizens enjoyed. A meeting was held in nearby Petersvillia, Petersvillia and a decision reached without two days. The other districts still objected their erosion of power but were at the time too impoverished to start a war.

• North District 1 - City-553
• South District 2 - City-6

The Dune Accords

The last "normal" states to join Calumnius joined in 700CE, largely due to presure to join a major power as Calumnius and I Know Better Than You had slowly expanded their borders east and west respectively. The Dune Accords, held in what is now City-12 agreed terms of admission.

• North East District - City-12
• East District - City-9235
• South-East District - Subcity-794

Colonialism

During the 17th and 18th century Calumnius explored the new world in the east, this resulted in the settlement of Calumnius settlers on different land masses. The largest and the only remnants of Calumnius's colonial past is the Socialist Colony of Calumnius. The colony was admitted to the states in 1750CE but declared independance in 1875 for the duration of the Calumnius Second Great Revolution. It was readmitted in 1880 after the Socialists' victory.

• Socialist Colony of Calumnius - Colony Central

Capital County

Capital County was established by President Liam Yule to ensure that the nation's parliament was in neutral ground. This occured shortly after the Second Great Revolution after Yule was elected president. The change was affected on 8th May 1884.

• Capital County - Capital

Economy

Calumnius has no general currency, but uses I Know Better Than You's nick-el for all foreign currency related issues. The economy is managed by the Calumnius Monetary Foundation, which safeguards Calumnius's strange nonmonetary economy. Calumnius exports monorail services and runs the Inter-Spectrum Monorail service. It is a large agricultural exporter. Calumnius also has a supply of oil but refuses to exploit it or allow anyone else to exploit, including close neighbour I Know Better Than You. Uranium mines are also present and while mining does take place, strict guidelines are in place to prevent damage to the local environment. While in monetary terms, the Calumnius economy compares poorly to the rest of the Spectrum, the populace enjoy enrivaled free services provided for them.

History

Early History

Calumnius's existence can be traced back to around 647BC, although it may be much older. The famous discovery of Emperor Heroticus's tomb in 1932, revolutionised modern Calumnius historical thinking. The Emperor's tomb contained dates suggested to be the dates of his reign, converted to the Gregorian calendar as 647BC - 630BC. The ancient Calumnians appeared to have had an advanced society for the time. They may have had contact with the Romani empire but any contact is likely to have been minimal as the Romani empire centered on an area more to the east of The Spectrum.

Middle Ages

The first proper records of Calumnius come from around 356AD, Emperor George XI started to record decisions on paper, much of the original text has survived. It describes a Calumnius very much different to the Calumnius of today. The politics of the time were autocratic, with the Emperor as head of state. The first great revolution in 1378 changed that, a popular uprising led by the now famous Egbert Ilsworth led to the exilement of Emperor James XXVI.

Calumnian Republic

Ilsworth established the first Calumnius Council and became elected as the first President of Calumnius during the first elections of the Calumnius Council. His administration lasted 40 years, before the Council decided to limit term lengths to two 4 years terms at a maximum. Calumnius prospered as a republic, it played a large part in the exploration of the east of the Spectrum. Modern signs of Calumnius's colonial past is the Socialist Colony of Calumnius.

Second Great Revolution

Main article

Second Great Revolution

In around 1876, the second great revolution began which eventually formed Calumnius as it is today. The Socialist Party formed in 1869 and quickly rose to become the second biggest party in Calumnius after the ruling republican party. The Calumnius president at the time was Ogden Ford. At the 253rd election of the Calumnius Council the Socialist Party overtook the Republican Party in the polls to become the largest party in Calumnius, but before a new Socialist Party government was established, Republican Party agents assasinated Socialist party leader, Frederick Hanson. The Socialist Party was thrown into disarray and a militaristic branch of the Republican party siezed control of Calumnius by force. A popular uprising began against this renewed autocracy, led by the Socialist Party deputy Liam Yule. The uprising split the Calumnius military, a civil war broke out across Calumnius which lasted for 4 years. In 1880 the Republican forces were defeated and a victorious Liam Yule walked into the Calumnius Council building famously declaring "The revolution is over, but the revolution has just begun" to the recently elected representatives. In a short period of time in office, President Liam Yule - the last president of Calumnius, transformed Calumnius' political system and economy. He established the Calumnius Council as Calumnius's executive with no head of state and abolished currency.

Modern History

Calumnius is now a peaceful nation, it has no military, as it was abolished after the Second Great Revolution. It has provided services to help foreign nations in times of war, notably the Ediroth Crisis. This has caused much controversy amongst the populace. Calumnius is active in Spectrum politics and has been known to declare sanctions on multiple nations, notably half the Spectrum during the AntiDemocracy rallies of 2006 and also on Mushy Pea after the nation made its intentions to invade O Re Sa Ma known.

Politics

Calumnius values political freedom highly. Current issues at debate in the Calumnius Council are Edirothi terrorists and monorail security. The Calumnius Council acts as the executive and the legislation. It is held to account by The Calumnius Board in a bicameral parliament. There is no president, any member of the Calumnius Council can become a minister in the government. Party politics exists as majorities can greatly affect decisions made in the Council, but on an executive level no single party runs the government.

Trivia

• Calumnius was Spectrum UN Delegate for a day due to administrative error.