History of the United Nations
There has been a long history of United Nations resolutions, starting in the late part of 2002. The commentary of the resolutions from start to finish is stored here, and look at its sister page, UN Timeline, for the raw chronology of resolutions.
2002
Fourth Quarter
The United Nations was formed on Nov 13 2002 by Maxtopia. In order to test the new procedures for voting on UN resolutions, a test resolution, Fight the Axis of Evil, was proposed and voted upon by three nations prior to the official starting date of the UN. This resolution is considered the first United Nations resolution. It took over a month before the next (and only other 2002) resolution reached the UN floor. There were no formal guidelines for resolution submission nor formats at this time, and for that reason, the resolution "Scientific Freedom", which does not obey today's proposal rules, to be passed. hower it has now been repealed.
2003
First Quarter
The new year opened with a torrent of new ideas to help found the basis of the new UN, which only had two resolutions so far. Much potential was put forward and approved, but many of the initiatives proposed in these early days had to be removed due to technical reasons following the move to Jolt later in the year.
Second Quarter
The second quarter of 2003 saw one resolution (Required Basic Healthcare) have a replacement made for it whilst it was still in effect. With an effectively obselete resolution still being legally enforced, it would probably be safe to conclude it was around this time when people were thinking of ways to remove it; a line of thought that could have been the brainchild behind the introduction of repeals.
Third Quarter
Most notably in the Third Quarter of 2003 is the first emergence of official UN Debates over resolutions. Also, the first resolution to pass in the 90-percentile occurred in this period -- Outlaw Pedophilia.
Fourth Quarter
2003 closed around the controversy of two joke resolutions. Though the first Hippo resolution was deleted for being misclassified, after some moderator debate the second resolution was allowed to reach the UN floor, where it failed by one of the largest margins of any resolution. The outrage on the part of many nations resulted in a stronger moderator position forbidding joke resolutions.
2004
First Quarter
The first two queued proposals of the 2004 year concentrated on the sanctity of internet surfing. As many considered these to be simply more joke proposals such as HIPPOS ARE BIG, both the Internet Advertising Pop-ups and the Freedom From SPAM Act failed to become resolutions. As another replacement-type resolution came to pass with the "Definition of 'Fair Trial'", it was no surprise that by the end of the year, a new type of resolution was to be implemented - repeals.
Second Quarter
During this time period, UN discussions were characterized by double posts due to issues with the old NationStates server. Problems with the server made it difficult to conduct business on the old server, but a number of the discussions were transfered over to Jolt, thus providing records of many of the discussions from this time. A number of UN resolutions were voted down, while Female Genital Mutilation passed by a record majority of 92%.
Third Quarter
The NationStates United Nations under went some significant changes in the third quarter of 2004. First, the server that was used to host the forum debates for NationStates was switched to Jolt. The transition took several weeks, during which time, several UN resolutions reached the UN floor for voting at a time when there was no centeralized debate location. Second, the UN Secretariat went through the old adopted resolutions and deleted a number of early resolutions because they violated UN rules. Proposals submitted to the UN were now subject to the high standards left in the Enodian Protocols, meaning more illegal proposals were deleted before they had the chance to reach quorum while in the proposal queue. Though some proposals still reached quorum, the decide to remove the Olympic Games proposal after it had reached the resolution queue, reinforced the idea that a proposal is only a resolution once it actually was put before the UN for a vote.
Fourth Quarter
Towards the end of the third quarter of 2004, the UN Secretariat enacted changes to the UN procedures (i.e. the moderators changed the game) to allow repeals. Though many nations attempted to repeal just about every existing resolution, it wasn't until late October that a proposed repeal achieved quorum and reached the UN Floor. The official United Nations repeal was a motion to remove the Fight the Axis of Evil resolution from the books, and this motion was carried by a supermajority. Two months later the next repeal that reached the UN Floor failed. The vast majority of the 2004 repeals were justified on the opinion that the resolutions they seeked to repeal were flawed, but many UN members disagreed with this sort of reasoning thus accounting for the lack of success of many of the proposed repeals of this time.
When the NSWiki project was started during this time period, many governments and NGOs started using NSWiki to document UN resolutions, thus increasing the continuity in UN resolutions. It was also during this time that references to prior adopted resolutions started appearing in the preambles of proposed resolutions. The International Red Cross was also revisited in two Moral Decency resolutions, starting a renewed international focus on humanitarian aid and protecting populations against natural disasters and epidemics. Also, another important body was introduced by the Resolution #83: the Pretenama Panel against the genocides.
2005
First Quarter
Although repeals were first established in 2004, it was in this quarter that nations began to organize into coalitions and make use of the repeal function to replace resolutions with new revised and improved versions of the resolutions. The repeal debates began to shift away from "this resolution should be removed" campaigns to a more successful "there is an effort underway to replace the text of this resolution". The Global Library and Legalize Prostitution are two examples of resolutions that were repealed and then quickly replaced by resolutions that had stronger support. The Tsunami Warning System resolution is also notable in that it was a NationStates response to the real-life Boxing Day Tsunami and is considered a good example of how to incorporate ideas from the real world in a NationStates context.
Second Quarter
The 100th resolution was adopted by the NationStates UN by a supermajority. The UN Secretariat removed one proposal that had reached quorum, but after a revision that proposal managed to reach the UN floor and was adopted. It was during this quarter that the Enodian Protocols were replaced by a new set of rules drafted by the Most Glorious Hack. Some of the changes included limitations on the number of authors that could be listed in a resolution and the number of committees established by a resolution.
Third Quarter
The most significant UN resolution of the 3rd quarter of 2005 was the United Nations Security Act, because as a result of its passage all future Global Disarmament resolutions now must include language stating that any weapon being restricted is not necessary to national defense. This quarter was marked by a steady decline in UN members and also in a decrease in the level of support for UN resolutions.
Fourth Quarter
The first resolution passed in the Fourth Quarter of 2005 was the repeal, proposed by Jey, of the poorly written resolution "DVD Region Removal". Repeal "DVD Region Removal" was passed with the greatest margin of any repeal. Also notable, in this period a proposal - Forced Banishment Ban - failed by the record margin of 28%, surpassing the previous record of 31% by TO PROTECT (2003 First Quarter).
2006
First Quarter
The first resolution passed in 2006 was the proposal Artistic Freedom, proposed by Jey, which extended the freedom of expression to artists; it was passed by a supermajority, although the most successful resolution was St Edmund's Meteorological Cooperation, which became the first non-repeal to reach 80% support since Resolution #100, Natural Disaster Act. The year also began with a high number of repeals, all of which passed, including four consecutive ones - but then returned to a stretch of ten successive non-repeals.
The first quarter of 2006 was one of the most significant in UN history, having several very important resolutions pass - and fail. Especially notable was Omigodtheykilledkenny's Repeal "Gay Rights", which removed a redundant resolution and surprised many with its success - Powerhungry Chipmunks, for example, had stated that although he had considered repealing the resolution on grounds of redundancy, he had considered the task too hard. The ACCEL also gained their first UN success with Repeal "The Rights of Labor Unions", although this was later replaced by Groot Gouda. The most controversial repeal, though, was [[Repeal "Abortion Rights", defying conventional logic that the resolution would 'never be repealed', and generating huge debates in the UN as pro-choice members sought to replace it. This led to the Abortion Legality Convention, written by Gruenberg and taken to quorum by the National Sovereignty Organization, which blocked future UN legislation on abortion, and passed with 71% support under the banner of 'the fair compromise'. This series of repeals led to the first major consensus that the UN was becoming more 'right-wing', although many from the right themselves disagreed with this assessment.
Non-repeals included the first ever proposal of the Recreational Drug Use category to reach quorum - Recreational Drug Legalization - although this failed heavily. There was intense debate over Cluichstan's Anti-Terrorism Act, which ultimately failed by a narrow margin and led to the formation of UN DEFCON, which in turn spawned UN Demining Survey, the first attempt to pass a replacement before the repeal - though Repeal "Banning the Use of Landmines" did in fact fail. The quarter ended with a Nuclear Non-Proliferation Act.
Gruenberg was the most active legislator in this period, authoring three successful resolutions and co-authoring a fourth, Repeal "Mandatory Recycling", with Jey, Yelda and Omigodtheykilledkenny also prominent.
Second Quarter
The trend for long queues of proposals at quorum continued, with resolutions continually at vote throughout this quarter. There was also a notable increase in authors being willing to remove their own queued proposals to improve them, as three proposals were withdrawn from at their author's request: the controversial Murder and Manslaughter Laws by Adolf Barham, an earlier version of what was to become Resolution #160 Rights of the Disabled by Tarmsden, and Developed Economic Advancement, a proposal to prevent the continuing promotion of free trade within the UN, by Belarum.
Twelve resolutions passed, including four repeals, and seven - four of which were repeals - failed, including three in succession. UN Security Act 1 managed to break the record of Forced Banishment Ban for the lowest ever percentage of votes for a resolution. The first resolution of the quarter, Maritime Safety Standards Act, was also the most successful, passing with over 78% of the vote. An unprecedented five resolutions in the free trade category passed in this period, including two free trade agreements (in nuclear energy and recycled goods) and two intellectual property rights resolutions, both by Ceorana. The quarter ended with a euthanasia debate as Legalise Euthanasia was repealed, later to be replaced with Individual Self-Determination as an attempt at a Euthanasia Legality Convention was deleted.
There was a reduction in the number of new players having proposals reach quorum, with the proposal queue dominated by more established forces, but Adolf Barham was an exception, having three proposals reach quorum, and a further, Repeal "Replanting Trees", pass. Jey was author or co-author of three successful repeals, making him the most successful legislator in this period.
