Difference between revisions of "Asuaneï"
(→Phonology) |
|||
Line 71: | Line 71: | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
− | | align=center | [[Wikipedia:Voiceless alveolar affricate | | + | | align=center | [[Wikipedia:Voiceless alveolar affricate | ts]]<br>[[Wikipedia:Voiced alveolar affricate | dz]] |
− | | align=center | [[Wikipedia:Voiceless postalveolar affricate | | + | | align=center | [[Wikipedia:Voiceless postalveolar affricate | tS]]<br>[[Wikipedia:Voiced postalveolar affricate | dZ]] |
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
Line 102: | Line 102: | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
|} | |} | ||
+ | |||
====Vowels==== | ====Vowels==== | ||
Line 139: | Line 140: | ||
| align=center |[[Wikipedia:Open back unrounded vowel | A]]<br>[[Wikipedia:Open back rounded vowel | Q]] | | align=center |[[Wikipedia:Open back unrounded vowel | A]]<br>[[Wikipedia:Open back rounded vowel | Q]] | ||
|} | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ===Alphabet=== | ||
+ | |||
+ | ====Asuaneï Alphabet==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Asuaneï is written using the New Asuaneï Alphabet, which was introduced in 1967 to reduce the number of digraphs present in the Old Asuaneï Alphabet. | ||
+ | |||
+ | The digraphs <tj, dj, sj, zj> and the trigraphs <tsj, dsj> were replaced by <þ, ð, š, ž> and <tš, dž>, respectively, with letters taken from the [[Baranxeï#Baranxeï Alphabet | Baranxeï Alphabet]]. | ||
+ | |||
+ | A similar plan to reform the Baranxeï Alphabet by eliminating the digraphs <jj, gg> by replacing them with Asuaneï <ñ, ŋ> was proposed multiple times but never actually imposed. | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ====Romanization==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | The Romanization of Asuaneï is a letter-by-letter substitution of the Asuaneï Alphabet; therefore the system can easily be put in the same tables as those for the phonetic inventory. | ||
+ | |||
+ | {| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | ! bgcolor="#3399cc" width=75 | | ||
+ | !! bgcolor="#3399cc" width=75 | [[Wikipedia:Bilabial consonant | bilabial]] | ||
+ | !! bgcolor="#3399cc" width=75 | [[Wikipedia:Interdental consonant | interdental]] | ||
+ | !! bgcolor="#3399cc" width=75 | [[Wikipedia:Alveolar consonant | alveolar]] | ||
+ | !! bgcolor="#3399cc" width=75 | [[Wikipedia:Postalveolar consonant | postalveolar]] | ||
+ | !! bgcolor="#3399cc" width=75 | [[Wikipedia:Palatal consonant | palatal]] | ||
+ | !! bgcolor="#3399cc" width=75 | [[Wikipedia:Velar consonant | velar]] | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | ! bgcolor="#3399cc" | [[Wikipedia:Plosive consonant | Plosive]] | ||
+ | | align=center | p<br>b | ||
+ | | align=center colspan=3 | t<br>d | ||
+ | | align=center | | ||
+ | | align=center | k<br>g | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | ! bgcolor="#3399cc" | [[Wikipedia:Fricative consonant | Fricative]] | ||
+ | | align=center | φ<br>β | ||
+ | | align=center | þ<br>ð | ||
+ | | align=center | s<br>z | ||
+ | | align=center | š<br>ž | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | align=center | x<br>γ | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | ! bgcolor="#3399cc" | [[Wikipedia:Affricate consonant | Affricate]] | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | align=center | ts<br>dz | ||
+ | | align=center | tš<br>dž | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | ! bgcolor="#3399cc" | [[Wikipedia:Nasal consonant | Nasal]] | ||
+ | | align=center | m | ||
+ | | align=center colspan=3 | n | ||
+ | | align=center | ñ | ||
+ | | align=center | ŋ | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | ! bgcolor="#3399cc" | [[Wikipedia:Flap consonant | Flap]] | ||
+ | | align=center | | ||
+ | | align=center colspan=3 | r | ||
+ | | align=center | | ||
+ | | align=center | | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | ! bgcolor="#3399cc" | [[Wikipedia:Lateral consonant | Lateral]] | ||
+ | | align=center | | ||
+ | | align=center colspan=3 | l | ||
+ | | align=center | | ||
+ | | align=center | | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | ! bgcolor="#3399cc" | [[Wikipedia:Approximant consonant | Approximant]] | ||
+ | | align=center | | ||
+ | | align=center | | ||
+ | | align=center | | ||
+ | | align=center | | ||
+ | | align=center | j | ||
+ | | align=center | | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | {| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | ! bgcolor="#3399cc" width=55 | | ||
+ | !! bgcolor="#3399cc" width=55 | Front | ||
+ | !! bgcolor="#3399cc" width=55 | Central | ||
+ | !! bgcolor="#3399cc" width=55 | Back | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | ! bgcolor="#3399cc" width=55 | Close | ||
+ | | align=center |υ | ||
+ | | align=center | | ||
+ | | align=center |u | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | ! bgcolor="#3399cc" width=55 | Close-mid | ||
+ | | align=center |e | ||
+ | | align=center | | ||
+ | | align=center |o | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | ! bgcolor="#3399cc" width=55 | Mid | ||
+ | | align=center | | ||
+ | | align=center |y | ||
+ | | align=center | | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | ! bgcolor="#3399cc" width=55 | Open-mid | ||
+ | | align=center |η | ||
+ | | align=center | | ||
+ | | align=center | | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | ! bgcolor="#3399cc" width=55 | Open | ||
+ | | align=center | | ||
+ | | align=center | | ||
+ | | align=center |a<br>ω | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | |||
{{Languages}} | {{Languages}} | ||
[[Category:Baranxtu]] | [[Category:Baranxtu]] |
Revision as of 16:22, 4 May 2006
Asuaneï Asβanehi | |
---|---|
Spoken in: | Baranxtu, and other countries |
Region: | International Democratic Union |
Speakers: | 200 million (est) |
Genetic classification: | Meleiyan Syko-Roekian |
Official status | |
Official language in: | Baranxtu |
Regulated by: | Board of the Language Asuaneï in the Most Serene Republic |
Asuaneï (or Asβanehi) is a major language in Baranxtu and is a sister language of the predominant Baranxeï, to the point of being partially mutually intelligible.
In contrast to Baranxeï, Asuaneï is much more conservative in that it retains many grammatical distinctions from its predecessor than Baranxeï does.
Contents
Phonology
Phonetic Inventory
Consonants
Standard Asuaneï has 27 phonemic consonants. Like Baranxeï, it distinguishes between voiced and unvoiced consonants, but it has no uvular or glottal sounds (the orthographic <h> is silent) as well as it lacks a palatal fricative. However it does recognize four affricate consonants.
bilabial | interdental | alveolar | postalveolar | palatal | velar | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Plosive | p b |
t d |
k g | |||
Fricative | p\ B |
T D |
s z |
S Z |
x G | |
Affricate | ts dz |
tS dZ |
||||
Nasal | m | n | J | N | ||
Flap | 4 | |||||
Lateral | l | |||||
Approximant | j |
Vowels
Standard Asuaneï recognizes the same nine monophthongs as Baranxeï.
Front | Central | Back | |
---|---|---|---|
Close | i y |
u | |
Close-mid | e | o | |
Mid | y | ||
Open-mid | E | ||
Open | A Q |
Alphabet
Asuaneï Alphabet
Asuaneï is written using the New Asuaneï Alphabet, which was introduced in 1967 to reduce the number of digraphs present in the Old Asuaneï Alphabet.
The digraphs <tj, dj, sj, zj> and the trigraphs <tsj, dsj> were replaced by <þ, ð, š, ž> and <tš, dž>, respectively, with letters taken from the Baranxeï Alphabet.
A similar plan to reform the Baranxeï Alphabet by eliminating the digraphs <jj, gg> by replacing them with Asuaneï <ñ, ŋ> was proposed multiple times but never actually imposed.
Romanization
The Romanization of Asuaneï is a letter-by-letter substitution of the Asuaneï Alphabet; therefore the system can easily be put in the same tables as those for the phonetic inventory.
bilabial | interdental | alveolar | postalveolar | palatal | velar | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Plosive | p b |
t d |
k g | |||
Fricative | φ β |
þ ð |
s z |
š ž |
x γ | |
Affricate | ts dz |
tš dž |
||||
Nasal | m | n | ñ | ŋ | ||
Flap | r | |||||
Lateral | l | |||||
Approximant | j |
Front | Central | Back | |
---|---|---|---|
Close | υ | u | |
Close-mid | e | o | |
Mid | y | ||
Open-mid | η | ||
Open | a ω |